ansible：handlers、meta、listen

---

1. 修改httpd的80端口并重起httpd

实验一：

[root@server4 ~]# cat httpd.yml 
---
- hosts: testB
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
  - name: modify the configuration
    lineinfile:   # 修改端口号
      path=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
      regexp="Listen 80"
      line="Listen 8088"
      backrefs=yes
      backup=yes
  - name: restart httpd  # 重起httpd
    service:
      name=httpd
      state=restarted
[root@server4 ~]# ansible-playbook httpd.yml   # 执行

lineinfile模块的backrefs参数：
backrefs参数：默认情况下，当根据正则替换文本时，即使regexp参数中的正则存在分组，在line参数中也不能对正则中的分组进行引用，除非将backrefs参数的值设置为yes。backrefs=yes表示开启后向引用，这样，line参数中就能对regexp参数中的分组进行后向引用了，这样说不太容易明白，可以参考后面的示例命令理解。backrefs=yes除了能够开启向后引用功能，还有另一个作用，默认情况下，当使用正则表达式替换对应行时，如果正则没有匹配到任何的行，那么line对应的内容会被插入到文本的末尾，不过，如果使用了backrefs=yes，情况就不一样了，当使用正则表达式替换对应行时，同时设置了backrefs=yes，那么当正则没有匹配到任何的行时，则不会对文件进行任何操作，相当于保持原文件不变。

测试：

[root@server3 conf]# netstat -antlpe|grep httpd
tcp6       0      0 :::8088                 :::*                    LISTEN      0          36709      1393/httpd

2. handlers

实验二：改进—当httpd.conf修改之后重起httpd，但是如果httpd.conf没有修改就不重起httpd
handlers关键字：当tasks中的任务执行之后handlers中的内容才会执行,handlers被tasks中的notify调用

[root@server4 ~]# cat httpd.yml 
---
- hosts: testB
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
  - name: modify the configuration
    lineinfile:
      path=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
      regexp="Listen 80"
      line="Listen 8088"
      backrefs=yes
      backup=yes
    notify:
      restart httpd

  handlers:
  - name: restart httpd
    service:
      name=httpd
      state=restarted

测试：

[root@server4 ~]# ansible-playbook httpd.yml 

PLAY [testB] *******************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************
ok: [server3]

TASK [modify the configuration] ************************************************
ok: [server3]

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************
server3                    : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   

执行顺序：执行完tasks中的所有内容才会执行handlers中的内容，并且在执行handlers时，与notify的调用顺序无关，按照handlers的顺序执行

[root@server4 ~]# cat mkdir.yml 
---
- hosts: testB
  remote_user: root
  tasks: 
  - name: make testfile1
    file: path=/testdir/testfile1
          state=directory
    notify: ht1
  - name: make testfile2
    file: path=/testdir/testfile2
          state=directory
    notify: ht2

  handlers:
  - name: ht1
    file: path=/testdir/ht1
          state=touch
  - name: ht2
    file: path=/testdir/ht2
          state=touch
# 测试：
[root@server4 ~]# ansible-playbook mkdir.yml 

PLAY [testB] *******************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************
ok: [server3]

TASK [make testfile1] **********************************************************
changed: [server3]

TASK [make testfile2] **********************************************************
changed: [server3]

RUNNING HANDLER [ht1] **********************************************************
changed: [server3]

RUNNING HANDLER [ht2] **********************************************************
changed: [server3]

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************
server3                    : ok=5    changed=4    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0 

[root@server4 ~]# cat mkdir.yml 
---
- hosts: testB
  remote_user: root
  tasks: 
  - name: make testfile1
    file: path=/testdir/testfile1
          state=directory
    notify: ht1
  - name: make testfile2
    file: path=/testdir/testfile2
          state=directory
    notify: ht2

  handlers:
  - name: ht2
    file: path=/testdir/ht1
          state=touch
  - name: ht1
    file: path=/testdir/ht2
          state=touch
# 测试：
[root@server4 ~]# ansible-playbook mkdir.yml 

PLAY [testB] *******************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************
ok: [server3]

TASK [make testfile1] **********************************************************
changed: [server3]

TASK [make testfile2] **********************************************************
changed: [server3]

RUNNING HANDLER [ht2] **********************************************************
changed: [server3]

RUNNING HANDLER [ht1] **********************************************************
changed: [server3]

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************
server3                    : ok=5    changed=4    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

3. meta

meta：作用执行完一个task，接着执行位置对应的handlers1

[root@server4 ~]# cat mkdir.yml 
---
- hosts: testB
  remote_user: root
  tasks: 
  - name: task1
    file: path=/testdir/task1
          state=touch
    notify: ht1
  - meta: flush_handlers

  - name: task2
    file: path=/testdir/task2
          state=touch
    notify: ht2
  - meta: flush_handlers

  handlers:
  - name: ht2
    file: path=/testdir/ht1
          state=touch
  - name: ht1
    file: path=/testdir/ht2
          state=touch
# 测试：
[root@server4 ~]# ansible-playbook mkdir.yml 

PLAY [testB] *******************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************
ok: [server3]

TASK [task1] *******************************************************************
changed: [server3]

RUNNING HANDLER [ht1] **********************************************************
changed: [server3]

TASK [task2] *******************************************************************
changed: [server3]

RUNNING HANDLER [ht2] **********************************************************
changed: [server3]

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************
server3                    : ok=5    changed=4    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   

4. listen

执行完task1后执行多个handlers，引入listen对handlers分组

[root@server4 ~]# cat mkdir.yml 
---
- hosts: testB
  remote_user: root
  tasks: 
  - name: task1
    file: path=/testdir/task1
          state=touch
    notify: handler1
  - meta: flush_handlers

  - name: task2
    file: path=/testdir/task2
          state=touch

  handlers:
  - name: ht2
    listen: handler1
    file: path=/testdir/ht1
          state=touch
  - name: ht1
    listen: handler1
    file: path=/testdir/ht2
          state=touch
[root@server4 ~]# ansible-playbook mkdir.yml 

PLAY [testB] *******************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************
ok: [server3]

TASK [task1] *******************************************************************
changed: [server3]

RUNNING HANDLER [ht2] **********************************************************
changed: [server3]

RUNNING HANDLER [ht1] **********************************************************
changed: [server3]

TASK [task2] *******************************************************************
changed: [server3]

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************
server3                    : ok=5    changed=4    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0