函数

函数的创建

>>> def MyFirstFunction():
	print('这是我创建的第一个函数！')
	print('我表示很鸡冻……')
>>> MyFirstFunction()
这是我创建的第一个函数！
我表示很鸡冻……
>>> def add(x,y):
	return(x + y)
>>> add(3,4)
7

收集参数

>>> def test(*params):
	print('参数的长度是：',len(params))
	print('第二个参数是',params[1])	
>>> test(1, 'test' ,2,3,4)
参数的长度是： 5
第二个参数是 test
>>> def test(*params,exp):
	print('参数的长度是：',len(params))
	print('第二个参数是',params[1])	
>>> test(1, 'test' ,2,3,exp = 4)
参数的长度是： 4
第二个参数是 test

统计字符串个数

def count(*parase):
	numbers = '1234567890'
	paradase = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
	enter = ' '
	i = 1
	for each in parase:
		count1,count2,count3 = 0,0,0
		for every in each:
			if every in numbers:
				count1 += 1
			elif every in paradase:
				count2 += 1
			elif every in enter:
				count3 +=1
		count4 = len(each) - count1 -count2 - count3
		print('个字符串里共有：英文',count2,'个，数字',count1,'个，空格',count3,'个，其他字符',count4,'个')
		i +=1

闭包

>>> def FunX(x):
	def FunY(y):
		return x *y
	return FunY

>>> i = FunX(8)
>>> i
<function FunX.<locals>.FunY at 0x000001F540DB3B80>
>>> type(i)
<class 'function'>
>>> i(5)
40
>>> FunX(8)(5)
40

列表不是存放在栈里的和nonlocal关键字

>>> def Fun1():
	x = [5]
	def Fun2():
		x[0] *= x[0]
		return x[0]
	return Fun2()

>>> Fun1()
25
>>> def Fun1():
	x = 5
	def Fun2():
		nonlocal x
		x *= x
		return x
	return Fun2()

>>> Fun1()
25

lambda表达式

>>> def ds(x):
	return x * 2 + 1
>>> ds(5)
11
>>> g = lambda x : 2 * x + 1
>>> g(5)
11

filter 函数

>>> list(filter(None,[1,0,False,True]))
[1, True]
>>> def odd(x):
	return x % 2

>>> temp = range(10)
>>> show = filter(odd, temp)
>>> list(show)
[1, 3, 5, 7, 9]
>>> list(filter(lambda x : x % 2,range(10)))
[1, 3, 5, 7, 9]

map函数

>>> list(map(lambda x : x * 2 ,range(10)))
[0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18]