设计模式之建造者模式

建造者模式

建造者模式属于创建者模式，提供了一个创建对象的方式，用户只需给出制定复杂对象的类型，建造者负责按顺序创建复杂对象（隐藏构造细节）

场景：包工头指挥工人建造房子，按照（1）地基（2）钢筋工程（3）铺电线（4）粉刷，其中有三个角色：包工头（指挥者）工人（具体的建造者）房子（产品）

//抽象建造者
public abstract class Builder {
    public abstract void buildA();
    public abstract void buildB();
    public abstract void buildC();
    public abstract void buildD();

    public abstract Product getProduct();
}

//产品：房子
public class Product {
    private String buildA;
    private String buildB;
    private String buildC;
    private String buildD;

    public void setBuildA(String buildA) {
        this.buildA = buildA;
        System.out.println("地基");
    }

    public void setBuildB(String buildB) {
        this.buildB = buildB;
        System.out.println("钢筋工程");
    }

    public void setBuildC(String buildC) {
        this.buildC = buildC;
        System.out.println("铺电线");
    }

    public void setBuildD(String buildD) {
        this.buildD = buildD;
        System.out.println("粉刷");
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Product{" +
                "buildA='" + buildA + '\'' +
                ", buildB='" + buildB + '\'' +
                ", buildC='" + buildC + '\'' +
                ", buildD='" + buildD + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

//工人
public class Worker extends Builder {

    private Product product;

    public Worker() {
        this.product = new Product();
    }

    @Override
    public void buildA() {
        product.setBuildA("地基");
    }

    @Override
    public void buildB() {
        product.setBuildB("钢筋工程");
    }

    @Override
    public void buildC() {
        product.setBuildC("铺电线");
    }

    @Override
    public void buildD() {
        product.setBuildD("粉刷");
    }

    @Override
    public Product getProduct() {
        return product;
    }
}

//指挥者
public class Director {
    public Product builder(Builder builder) {

        builder.buildA();
        builder.buildB();
        builder.buildC();
        builder.buildD();

        return builder.getProduct();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Director director = new Director();
        Product builder = director.builder(new Worker());
        System.out.println(builder.toString());
    }
}

上面这种方式是建造者模式常规的用法，Director起着重要作用，用于指导具体构建者如何构建产品，规定了构建顺序，但是有些情况相爱需要简化系统结构，可以把Director省略，通过一种链式构造对象，这种方式可以实现自定义构建顺序，把指挥这一角色交给用户

场景：麦当劳套餐，服务员（具体建造者）可以随意搭配任意几种产品组成一款套餐（产品），然后出售给用户

public abstract class Builder {
    public abstract Builder buildA(String str);
    public abstract Builder buildB(String str);
    public abstract Builder buildC(String str);
    public abstract Builder buildD(String str);

    public abstract  Product getProduct();
}

public class Product {
    //默认套餐
    private String buildA = "汉堡";
    private String buildB = "薯条";
    private String buildC = "可乐";
    private String buildD = "鸡翅";

    public void setBuildA(String buildA) {
        this.buildA = buildA;
    }

    public void setBuildB(String buildB) {
        this.buildB = buildB;
    }

    public void setBuildC(String buildC) {
        this.buildC = buildC;
    }

    public void setBuildD(String buildD) {
        this.buildD = buildD;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Product{" +
                "buildA='" + buildA + '\'' +
                ", buildB='" + buildB + '\'' +
                ", buildC='" + buildC + '\'' +
                ", buildD='" + buildD + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

public class Worker extends Builder {

    private Product product;

    public Worker() {
        this.product = new Product();
    }

    @Override
    public Builder buildA(String str) {
        product.setBuildA(str);
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    public Builder buildB(String str) {
        product.setBuildB(str);
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    public Builder buildC(String str) {
        product.setBuildC(str);
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    public Builder buildD(String str) {
        product.setBuildD(str);
        return this;
    }


    @Override
    public Product getProduct() {
        return product;
    }
}

public class Test{

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //默认套餐
        Worker worker1 = new Worker();
        Product product = worker1.getProduct();
        System.out.println(product.toString());

        //自定义套餐
        Worker worker2 = new Worker();
        worker2.buildA("全家桶").buildB("甜点");
        System.out.println(worker2.getProduct());
    }
}