Leetcode常见报错(1)： runtime error: member access within null pointer of type ‘TreeNode‘ (solution.cpp)

错误描述：

Line 20: Char 21: runtime error: member access within null pointer of type ‘TreeNode’ (solution.cpp)
SUMMARY: UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer: undefined-behavior prog_joined.cpp:29:21

这种情况是由于判断条件不完整造成的，要完善条件。
例如 572题：另一棵树的子树

这道题中，以下代码运行会报错：

class Solution {
public:
    bool isSubtree(TreeNode* root, TreeNode* subRoot) {
          if (root == nullptr) return false;
          return S(root, subRoot) || isSubtree(root -> left, subRoot) || isSubtree(root -> right, subRoot);
    }

    bool S(TreeNode* root, TreeNode* subRoot) {
        if (root == nullptr && subRoot == nullptr) return true;

        if (root -> val != subRoot -> val) return false;

        return S(root -> left, subRoot -> left) && S(root -> right, subRoot -> right);
    }
};

判断条件不完善故会报错，还有一种情况是root树或者subRoot子树其中一个为空时必然返回false。
正确代码：

class Solution {
public:
    bool isSubtree(TreeNode* root, TreeNode* subRoot) {
          if (root == nullptr) return false;
          return S(root, subRoot) || isSubtree(root -> left, subRoot) || isSubtree(root -> right, subRoot);
    }

    bool S(TreeNode* root, TreeNode* subRoot) {
        if (root == nullptr && subRoot == nullptr) return true;
        if (root == nullptr || subRoot == nullptr) return false;

        if (root -> val != subRoot -> val) return false;

        return S(root -> left, subRoot -> left) && S(root -> right, subRoot -> right);
    }
};