RESTful是一种规范,是微服务的一种标准,客户端通过四个HTTP动词,对服务器端资源进行操作,实现"表现层状态转化"。
一,创建父工程
我们先创建一个maven项目作为SpringCloud父工程
在pom.xml中导入我们整个项目需要用到的公告依赖
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<properties>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!-- spring-cloud-dependencies -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Hoxton.SR8</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring-boot-dependencies -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.3.3.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<!-- druid -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis-spring-boot-starter -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
主要这里导入的打包方式是pom模式,表示该项目仅当做依赖项目,没有具体的实现代码。
二,创建api公共模块
在父工程下新建springcloud-api模块,该模块可编写一些实体类,工具包等等。
导入依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
编写实体类
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
@Accessors(chain = true) //链式写法
public class Dept implements Serializable {
private Long deptno; //主键
private String dname; //部门名称
//来自哪个数据库,因为微服务架构可以一个服务对应一个数据库,同一个信息被存到多个不同的数据库
private String db_source;
public Dept(String dname) {
this.dname = dname;
}
}
三,创建provide模块
导入依赖
<dependencies>
<!--引入自定义的模块,我们就可以使用这个模块中的类了-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.seinonana</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<!--调用父类中的模块,所以不需要写版本号-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- spring-boot-devtools -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
编写application.yml
server:
port: 8001
#mybatis的配置
mybatis:
config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml
type-aliases-package: com.seinonana.springcloud.pojo
mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/**/*.xml
#spring的相关配置
spring:
application:
name: springcloud-provider-dept
datasource:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource # 数据源
driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver # mysql驱动
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db01?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC #数据库名称
username: root
password: 4560
dbcp2:
min-idle: 5 #数据库连接池的最小维持连接数
initial-size: 5 #初始化连接数
max-total: 5 #最大连接数
max-wait-millis: 200 #等待连接获取的最大超时时间
新建mybatis-config.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<settings>
<!--开启二级缓存-->
<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
</settings>
</configuration>
编写部门的dao接口
@Mapper
@Repository
public interface DeptDao {
public boolean addDept(Dept dept); //添加一个部门
public Dept queryById(Long id); //根据id查询部门
public List<Dept> queryAll(); //查询所有部门
}
接口对应的Mapper.xml文件 mybatis\mapper\DeptMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.seinonana.dao.DeptDao">
<insert id="addDept" parameterType="com.seinonana.pojo.Dept">
insert into dept (dname,db_source) values (#{dname},DATABASE());
</insert>
<select id="queryById" resultType="com.seinonana.pojo.Dept" parameterType="Long">
select deptno,dname,db_source from dept where deptno = #{deptno};
</select>
<select id="queryAll" resultType="com.seinonana.pojo.Dept">
select deptno,dname,db_source from dept;
</select>
</mapper>
编写service层
public interface DeptService {
public boolean addDept(Dept dept); //添加一个部门
public Dept queryById(Long id); //根据id查询部门
public List<Dept> queryAll(); //查询所有部门
}
@Service
public class DeptServiceImpl implements DeptService {
@Autowired
private DeptDao deptDao;
@Override
public boolean addDept(Dept dept) {
return deptDao.addDept(dept);
}
@Override
public Dept queryById(Long id) {
return deptDao.queryById(id);
}
@Override
public List<Dept> queryAll() {
return deptDao.queryAll();
}
}
编写controller层
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/dept")
public class DeptController {
@Autowired
private DeptService service;
// @RequestBody
// 如果参数是放在请求体中,传入后台的话,那么后台要用@RequestBody才能接收到
@PostMapping("/add")
public boolean addDept(@RequestBody Dept dept) {
return service.addDept(dept);
}
@GetMapping("/get/{id}")
public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
return service.queryById(id);
}
@GetMapping("/list")
public List<Dept> queryAll() {
return service.queryAll();
}
}
编写DeptProvider的主启动类
@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptProvider8001 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DeptProvider8001.class,args);
}
}
四,创建consumer模块
导入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.seinonana</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--热部署-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
编写application.yml 配置文件
server:
port: 80
新建一个ConfigBean包注入 RestTemplate
@Configuration
public class ConfigBean {
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
RestTemplate 是从 Spring3.0 开始支持的一个 HTTP 请求工具,它提供了常见的REST请求方案的模版,例如 GET 请求、POST 请求、PUT 请求、DELETE 请求以及一些通用的请求执行方法 exchange 以及 execute。RestTemplate 继承自 InterceptingHttpAccessor 并且实现了 RestOperations 接口,其中 RestOperations 接口定义了基本的 RESTful 操作,这些操作在 RestTemplate 中都得到了实现。
编写DeptConsumerController类
@RestController
public class DeptConsumerController {
//理解:消费者,不应该有service层
// 使用RestTemplate访问restful接口非常的简单粗暴且无脑
//(url,requestMap,ResponseBean.class) 这三个参数分别代表REST请求地址,请求参数,Http响应转换 被 转换成的对象类型
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:8001";
@RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/add")
public boolean add(@RequestBody Dept dept){
return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/add",dept,Boolean.class);
}
@RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/get/"+id,Dept.class);
}
@RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/list")
public List<Dept> list(){
return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/list",List.class);
}
@GetMapping("/consumer/dept/discovery")
public Object discovery(){
return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/discovery",Object.class);
}
}
主启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class DeptConsumerRibbon80 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DeptConsumerRibbon80.class,args);
}
}