Python简单范例04【从标准库导入】&【文档操作】

范例一：【导入OrderedDict类】

from collections import OrderedDict

favorite_languages = OrderedDict()

favorite_languages['jen'] = 'python'
favorite_languages['sarah'] = 'c'
favorite_languages['edward'] = 'ruby'
favorite_languages['phil'] = 'python'

for name,language in favorite_languages.items():
	print(name.title() + "'s favorite language is " + 
	language.title() + ".")

 

范例二：【python阅读文件】

#范例一：【文件test1.py在当前执行文件的同一目录下】
with open('test1.py') as file_object:
	contents = file_object.read()
	print(contents)





#范例二：【文件夹1在当前执行文件的同一目录下，且文件making_pizzas.py在文件夹1里面】
with open('1/making_pizzas.py') as file_object:
	contents = file_object.read()
	print(contents)



#范例三：【绝对路径指定方法read()要打开的文件】
filepath = 'C:\python\Geany_python\pizza.py'

with open(filepath) as file_object:
	contents = file_object.read()
	print(contents)

 

 

范例三：【逐行获取文件】

范例一：【这种获取方式会使得每行文档内容之间都有空白行，来自文档自身和print的换行符】
filepath = 'C:\python\Geany_python\pizza.py'

with open(filepath) as file_object:
	for line in file_object:
		print(line)


范例二：【逐行阅读并去除换行符，加上方法rstrip(),作用：去掉每行最右边的换行符】
filepath = 'C:\python\Geany_python\pizza.py'

with open(filepath) as file_object:
	for line in file_object:
		print(line.rstrip())

 

范例四：【获取文档内容且存储到列表中】

范例一：【方法readlines从文档中读取每一行，请将其存储到一个列表中】
filepath = 'C:\python\Geany_python\pizza.py'

with open(filepath) as file_object:
	lines = file_object.readlines()
	
#for line in lines:
#	print(line.rstrip())
print(lines)

 

范例五：【将文档内容以长字符串的形式显示】

#范例一【在变量pi_string 存储的字符串中，包含原来位于每行左边的空格】
filepath = 'C:\python\Geany_python\pizza.py'

with open(filepath) as file_object:
	lines = file_object.readlines()
	
pi_string = ''
for line in lines:
	pi_string += line.rstrip()
	
print(pi_string)
print(len(pi_string))


#范例二：【为删除这些空格，可使用strip() 而不是rstrip();此方法将去掉左右两边的空格|换行符】
filepath = 'C:\python\Geany_python\pizza.py'

with open(filepath) as file_object:
	lines = file_object.readlines()
	
pi_string = ''
for line in lines:
	pi_string += line.strip()
	
print(pi_string)
print(len(pi_string))



范例三：【输出文档字符串的特定长度"pi_string[:23]"】
filepath = 'C:\python\Geany_python\pizza.py'

with open(filepath) as file_object:
	lines = file_object.readlines()
	
pi_string = ''
for line in lines:
	pi_string += line.strip()
	
print(pi_string[:23] + "...")
print(len(pi_string))

范例六：【判断文档内容中是否含有特定字符串】

filename = 'test2.py'
with open(filename) as file_object:
	lines = file_object.readlines()
	
pi_string = ''
for line in lines:
	pi_string += line.rstrip()
	
birthday = input("Enter your birthday, in the form mmddyy: ")
if birthday in pi_string:
	print("yes")
else:
	print("no")

 

范例七：【写入文档】

#范例一：【。第一个实参也是要打开的文件的名称；第二个实参（'w' ）告诉Python，我们要以写入模式 写入模式 打开这个文件。打开文件 时，可指定读取模式 读取模式 （'r' ）、写入模式 写入模式 （'w' ）、附加模式 附加模式 （'a' ）或让你能够读取和写入文件的模式（'r+' ）。如果你省略了模式实参，Python将以默认的只读模式打 开文件。】
filename = 'programming.txt'
with open(filename,'w') as file_object:
	file_object.write("I love programming.")



#范例二【写入多行】
filename = 'programming.txt'
with open(filename,'w') as file_object:
	file_object.write("I love programming.\n")
	file_object.write("I love creating new games.\n")


#范例三【追加模式】
filename = 'programming.txt'
with open(filename,'a') as file_object:
	file_object.write("I also love finding meaning in large datasets.\n")
	file_object.write("I love creating apps that can run in a brower.\n")