mysql查询之exists型子查询

exists

exists型子查询后面是一个受限的select查询语句
exists子查询，如果exists后的内层查询能查出数据，则返回 TRUE 表示存在；为空则返回 FLASE则不存在。

注意：a为表dept的别名 b为employee的别名

select * from dept a where exists (select 1 from employee b where a.deptnu=b.deptnu);

mysql> select 1 from employee where 1=1;
+---+
| 1 |
+---+
| 1 |
| 1 |
| 1 |
| 1 |
| 1 |
| 1 |
| 1 |
| 1 |
| 1 |
| 1 |
| 1 |
| 1 |
| 1 |
+---+
13 rows in set (0.04 sec)

mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| dept           |
| employee       |
| salgrade       |
+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from dept;
+--------+--------+------+
| deptnu | dname  | addr |
+--------+--------+------+
|     10 | 研发部 | 北京 |
|     20 | 工程部 | 上海 |
|     30 | 销售部 | 广州 |
|     40 | 财务部 | 深圳 |
+--------+--------+------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from employee;
+-------+--------+--------+------+------------+----------+--------+
| empno | ename  | job    | mgr  | hiredate   | sal      | deptnu |
+-------+--------+--------+------+------------+----------+--------+
|  1004 | 猪八戒 | 经理   | 1009 | 2001-04-02 | 29750.00 |     20 |
|  1006 | 猴子   | 经理   | 1009 | 2011-05-01 | 28500.00 |     30 |
|  1007 | 张飞   | 经理   | 1009 | 2011-09-01 | 24500.00 |     10 |
|  1008 | 诸葛亮 | 分析师 | 1004 | 2017-04-19 | 30000.00 |     20 |
|  1013 | 林俊杰 | 分析师 | 1004 | 2011-12-03 | 30000.00 |     20 |
|  1002 | 牛魔王 | 销售员 | 1006 | 2018-02-20 | 16000.00 |     30 |
|  1003 | 程咬金 | 销售员 | 1006 | 2017-02-22 | 12500.00 |     30 |
|  1005 | 后裔   | 销售员 | 1006 | 2011-09-28 | 12500.00 |     30 |
|  1010 | 韩信   | 销售员 | 1006 | 2018-09-08 | 15000.00 |     30 |
|  1012 | 安琪拉 | 文员   | 1006 | 2011-12-03 | 9500.00  |     30 |
|  1014 | 甄姬   | 文员   | 1007 | 2019-01-23 | 7500.00  |     10 |
|  1011 | 妲己   | 文员   | 1008 | 2018-05-23 | 11000.00 |     20 |
|  1001 | 小乔   | 文员   | 1013 | 2018-12-17 | 8000.00  |     20 |
+-------+--------+--------+------+------------+----------+--------+
13 rows in set (0.02 sec)

mysql> select * from dept a where exists (select 1 from employee b where a.deptnu=b.deptnu);
+--------+--------+------+
| deptnu | dname  | addr |
+--------+--------+------+
|     10 | 研发部 | 北京 |
|     20 | 工程部 | 上海 |
|     30 | 销售部 | 广州 |
+--------+--------+------+
3 rows in set (0.03 sec)

mysql> select * from dept a where not exists (select 1 from employee b where a.deptnu=b.deptnu);
+--------+--------+------+
| deptnu | dname  | addr |
+--------+--------+------+
|     40 | 财务部 | 深圳 |
+--------+--------+------+
1 row in set (0.04 sec)