我写的这个代码几乎和C语言的模式一模一样，很好理解。
我的代码对学生类对象、课程类对象、成绩类对象初始化的时候全部初始化为null，在之后的操作中并没有对他们的"头"进行操作直接操作了"头->next",所以每个对象链表的第一个域全是null。
我的这个能实现的功能：
1.显示所有学生
2.学生添加
3.学生删除
4.学生信息重新登记
5.根据学号查找学生
6.根据姓名查找学生
1.显示所有课程
2.课程添加
3.课程删除
4.课程名修改
1.成绩登记
2.成绩修改
3.成绩查询
4.成绩排序
5.成绩打印（生成一个txt文档 每条成绩占一行）
6.列出某门课所有学生成绩
以下是大致的结构
- 学生类
- 课程类
- 成绩类
- 方法类的接口
- 方法类的实现
- 主函数
1.学生类
package studentManager;
public class StudentInformation {
String studentName = null;
String studentID = null;
String studentsex = null;
int studentAge = 0;
double sumGrade = 0; //总成绩（后面排序用到）
StudentInformation next = null;
StudentInformation() {
this.studentName = null;
this.studentID = null;
this.studentsex = null;
this.studentAge = 0;
this.sumGrade = 0;
this.next = null;
}
}
2.课程类
package studentManager;
public class CourseInformation {
String courseName;
CourseInformation next;
CourseInformation() {
this.courseName = null;
this.next = null;
}
}
3.成绩类
package studentManager;
public class GradeInformation {
double courseGrade = 0; //该学生该课程的分数
String gradeStudentName; //学生姓名
String gradeCourseName; //课程名称
GradeInformation next;
GradeInformation() {
this.courseGrade = 0;
gradeStudentName = null;
gradeCourseName = null;
}
}
4.方法的接口
package studentManager;
import java.io.IOException;
public interface MethodInterface {
//学生信息管理
void showAllStudents(StudentInformation p); //1.显示所有学生
void addStudent(StudentInformation p);//2.学生添加
void deleteStudent(StudentInformation p);//3.学生删除
void registerStudent(StudentInformation p);//4.学生信息重新登记
void searchStudentInID(StudentInformation p);//5.根据学号查找学生
void searchStudentInNmae(StudentInformation p);//6.根据姓名查找学生
//课程信息管理
void showAllCourses(CourseInformation p);//1.显示所有课程
void addCourse(CourseInformation p);//2.课程添加
void deleteCourse(CourseInformation p);//3.课程删除
void renameCourse(CourseInformation p);//4.课程名修改
//成绩信息管理
//1.成绩登记
void registerGrade(CourseInformation courseP, StudentInformation studentP, GradeInformation gradeP);
//2.成绩修改
void changeGrade(CourseInformation courseP, StudentInformation studentP, GradeInformation gradeP);
//3.成绩查询
void searchCourseGrade(CourseInformation courseP, StudentInformation studentP, GradeInformation gradeP);
//4.成绩排序
void sortGrades(CourseInformation courseP, StudentInformation studentP, GradeInformation gradeP);
//5.成绩打印（生成一个txt文档 每条成绩占一行）
void printInFile(CourseInformation courseP, StudentInformation studentP, GradeInformation gradeP) throws IOException;
//6.列出某门课所有学生成绩
void showOneCourseAllStudentGrades(CourseInformation courseP, StudentInformation studentP, GradeInformation gradeP);
}
5.方法的实现（这个一共596行代码，就把他放到了最后↓↓↓↓↓↓）
6.主函数
package studentManager;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Scanner;
import com.sun.tools.classfile.StackMap_attribute.stack_map_frame;
public class MainController {
static StudentInformation student = new StudentInformation();
static CourseInformation course = new CourseInformation();
static GradeInformation grade = new GradeInformation();
static Method method = new Method();
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
int code;
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
while (true) {
mainMenu();
System.out.println("请输入操作码");
code = input.nextInt();
switch (code) {
case 1:
studentMenu();
break;
case 2:
courseMenu();
break;
case 3:
gradeMenu();
break;
case 0:
input.close();
System.exit(0);
}
}
}
static void mainMenu() {
System.out.println("1.学生信息管理");
System.out.println("2.课程信息管理");
System.out.println("3.成绩信息管理");
System.out.println("0.退出系统");
}
static void studentMenu() {
System.out.println("1.显示所有学生\r\n" + "2.学生添加\r\n" + "3.学生删除\r\n" + "4.学生信息重新登记\r\n" + "5.根据学号查找学生\r\n"
+ "6.根据姓名查找学生\r\n" + "0.返回\r\n" + "");
int code;
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
while (true) {
int flag = 0;
System.out.println("请输入操作码(学生信息管理)");
code = input.nextInt();
switch (code) {
case 1:
method.showAllStudents(student);
break;
case 2:
method.addStudent(student);
break;
case 3:
method.deleteStudent(student) ;
break;
case 4:
method.registerStudent(student);
break;
case 5:
method.searchStudentInID(student);
break;
case 6:
method.searchStudentInNmae(student);
break;
case 0:
flag = 1;
break;
}
if(flag == 1) {
break;
}
suspend();
System.out.println("1.显示所有学生\r\n" + "2.学生添加\r\n" + "3.学生删除\r\n" + "4.学生信息重新登记\r\n" + "5.根据学号查找学生\r\n"
+ "6.根据姓名查找学生\r\n" + "0.返回\r\n" + "");
}
}
static void gradeMenu() throws IOException {
System.out.println("1.成绩登记\r\n" + "2.成绩修改\r\n" + "3.成绩查询\r\n" + "4.成绩排序（按分数排序 按学号排序）\r\n"
+ "5.成绩打印（生成一个txt文档 每条成绩占一行）\r\n" + "6.列出某门课所有学生成绩\r\n" + "0.返回\r\n" + "");
int code;
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
while (true) {
int flag = 0;
System.out.println("请输入操作码(成绩管理)");
code = input.nextInt();
switch (code) {
case 1:
method.registerGrade(course, student, grade);
break;
case 2:
method.changeGrade(course, student, grade);
break;
case 3:
method.searchCourseGrade(course, student, grade);
break;
case 4:
method.sortGrades(course, student, grade);
break;
case 5:
method.printInFile(course, student, grade);
break;
case 6:
method.showOneCourseAllStudentGrades(course, student, grade);
break;
case 0:
flag = 1;
break;
}
if(flag == 1) {
break;
}
suspend();
System.out.println("1.成绩登记\r\n" + "2.成绩修改\r\n" + "3.成绩查询\r\n" + "4.成绩排序（按分数排序 按学号排序）\r\n"
+ "5.成绩打印（生成一个txt文档 每条成绩占一行）\r\n" + "6.列出某门课所有学生成绩\r\n" + "0.返回\r\n" + "");
}
}
static void courseMenu() {
System.out.println("1.显示所有课程\r\n" + "2.课程添加\r\n" + "3.课程删除\r\n" + "4.课程名修改\r\n" + "0.返回\r\n" + "");
int code;
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
while (true) {
int flag = 0;
System.out.println("请输入操作码(课程管理)");
code = input.nextInt();
switch (code) {
case 1:
method.showAllCourses(course);
break;
case 2:
method.addCourse(course);
break;
case 3:
method.deleteCourse(course);
break;
case 4:
method.renameCourse(course);
break;
case 0:
flag = 1;
break;
}
if(flag == 1) {
break;
}
suspend();
System.out.println("1.显示所有课程\r\n" + "2.课程添加\r\n" + "3.课程删除\r\n" + "4.课程名修改\r\n" + "0.返回\r\n" + "");
}
}
//为了实现和类似于C语言中的system("pause");的功能
static void suspend() {
Scanner tmp = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入'c'(任意键)+enter继续......");
tmp.hasNext();
}
}
运行之后大致是这样子的
只需要跟着程序的提示一步步操作就可以了
5.最后附上方法类的实现
package studentManager;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.OutputStream;
public class Method implements MethodInterface {
@Override
public void showAllStudents(StudentInformation p) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
StudentInformation tmp = p;
if (tmp == null) {
System.out.println("======华丽分割线======");
return;
}
System.out.println("姓名\t学号\t性别\t年龄\t总成绩");
while (tmp != null) {
System.out.println(tmp.studentName + "\t" + tmp.studentID + "\t" + tmp.studentsex + "\t" + tmp.studentAge + "\t" + tmp.sumGrade);
tmp = tmp.next;
}
}
@Override
public void addStudent(StudentInformation p) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
StudentInformation head = p;
StudentInformation p1 = new StudentInformation();
String name, id, sex;
int age;
while (true) {
System.out.println("请输入学生的姓名，学号，性别，年龄（全是0结束输入）");
name = input.next();
id = input.next();
sex = input.next();
age = input.nextInt();
if (age == 0) {
break;
}
p1.studentName = name;
p1.studentID = id;
p1.studentsex = sex;
p1.studentAge = age;
if (head == null) {
head = p1;
} else {
StudentInformation tmp = head;
while (tmp.next != null) {
tmp = tmp.next;
}
tmp.next = p1;
p1 = new StudentInformation(); // p1重新更新，要不然next指针域会一直等于上一个的指针域
}
}
}
@Override
public void deleteStudent(StudentInformation p) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
StudentInformation head = p;
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String name;
System.out.println("请输入要删除学生的姓名");
name = input.next();
StudentInformation p1 = new StudentInformation();
StudentInformation p2 = new StudentInformation();
p1 = head;
if (head == null) {
System.out.println("没有该学生");
return;
}
for (; p1 != null; p2 = p1, p1 = p1.next) {
if (p1.studentName == null) // 没有这个if会空指针异常报错
continue;
if (p1.studentName.equals(name) && p1 == head) {
head = p1.next;
System.out.println("1.已删除 " + name);
return;
} else if (p1.studentName.equals(name)) {
p2.next = p1.next;
System.out.println("2.已删除 " + name);
return;
}
if (p1.next == null) {
System.out.println("没有该学生");
return;
}
}
p = head;
}
@Override
public void registerStudent(StudentInformation p) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
StudentInformation tmp = p;
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String name = new String();
System.out.println("请输入要重新注册学生的姓名");
name = input.next();
if (tmp == null) {
System.out.println("没有该学生");
return;
}
while (tmp != null) {
if (tmp.studentName == null) { // 没有这个if会空指针异常报错
tmp = tmp.next;
continue;
}
if (tmp.studentName.equals(name)) {
String tmpname, id, sex;
int age;
System.out.println("(重新注册)请输入学生的姓名，学号，性别，年龄");
tmpname = input.next();
id = input.next();
sex = input.next();
age = input.nextInt();
System.out.println(tmp.studentName);
tmp.studentName = tmpname;
tmp.studentID = id;
tmp.studentsex = sex;
tmp.studentAge = age;
System.out.println("修改成功");
System.out.println(" 修改为 " + name + ", " + id + ", " + sex + "," + age);
return;
}
tmp = tmp.next;
}
System.out.println("没有该学生");
}
@Override
public void searchStudentInID(StudentInformation p) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
StudentInformation tmp = p;
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String id;
System.out.println("请输入要查找学生的学号");
id = input.next();
if (tmp == null) {
System.out.println("没有该学生");
return;
}
while (tmp != null) {
if (tmp.studentID == null) { // 没有这个if会空指针异常报错
tmp = tmp.next;
continue;
}
if (tmp.studentID.equals(id)) {
System.out.println("姓名\t学号\t性别\t成绩");
System.out.println(
tmp.studentName + "\t" + tmp.studentID + "\t" + tmp.studentsex + "\t" + tmp.studentAge);
return;
}
tmp = tmp.next;
}
System.out.println("没有该学生");
}
@Override
public void searchStudentInNmae(StudentInformation p) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
StudentInformation tmp = p;
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String name;
System.out.println("请输入要查找学生的姓名");
name = input.next();
if (tmp == null) {
System.out.println("没有该学生");
return;
}
while (tmp != null) {
if (tmp.studentName == null) { // 没有这个if会空指针异常报错
tmp = tmp.next;
continue;
}
if (tmp.studentName.equals(name)) {
System.out.println("姓名\t学号\t性别\t成绩");
System.out.println(
tmp.studentName + "\t" + tmp.studentID + "\t" + tmp.studentsex + "\t" + tmp.studentAge);
return;
}
tmp = tmp.next;
}
System.out.println("没有该学生");
}
@Override
public void showAllCourses(CourseInformation p) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
CourseInformation tmp = p;
if (tmp == null) {
tmp = tmp.next;
}
if (tmp == null) {
return;
}
System.out.println("所有课程：");
while (tmp != null) {
System.out.println(tmp.courseName);
tmp = tmp.next;
}
}
@SuppressWarnings("unlikely-arg-type")
@Override
public void addCourse(CourseInformation p) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
CourseInformation head = p;
CourseInformation p1 = new CourseInformation();
String name, id, sex;
int age;
while (true) {
System.out.println("请输入课程的名称（0结束输入）");
name = input.next();
if (name.equals("0")) {
break;
}
p1.courseName = name;
if (head == null) {
head = p1;
} else {
CourseInformation tmp = head;
while (tmp.next != null) {
tmp = tmp.next;
}
tmp.next = p1;
p1 = new CourseInformation(); // p1重新更新，要不然next指针域会一直等于上一个的指针域
}
}
}
@Override
public void deleteCourse(CourseInformation p) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
CourseInformation head = p;
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String name;
System.out.println("请输入要删除的课程");
name = input.next();
CourseInformation p1 = new CourseInformation();
CourseInformation p2 = new CourseInformation();
p1 = head;
if (head == null) {
System.out.println("没有该课程");
return;
}
for (; p1 != null; p2 = p1, p1 = p1.next) {
if (p1.courseName == null) // 没有这个if会空指针异常报错
continue;
if (p1.courseName.equals(name) && p1 == head) {
head = p1.next;
System.out.println("1.已删除 " + name);
return;
} else if (p1.courseName.equals(name)) {
p2.next = p1.next;
System.out.println("2.已删除 " + name);
return;
}
if (p1.next == null) {
System.out.println("没有该课程");
return;
}
}
p = head;
}
@Override
public void renameCourse(CourseInformation p) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
CourseInformation tmp = p;
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String name = new String();
System.out.println("请输入要重新注册的课程");
name = input.next();
if (tmp == null) {
System.out.println("没有该课程");
return;
}
while (tmp != null) {
if (tmp.courseName == null) { // 没有这个if会空指针异常报错
tmp = tmp.next;
continue;
}
if (tmp.courseName.equals(name)) {
String tmpname;
System.out.println("(重新注册)请输入课程的名称");
tmpname = input.next();
tmp.courseName = tmpname;
System.out.println("修改成功");
System.out.println(" 修改为 " + tmpname);
return;
}
tmp = tmp.next;
}
System.out.println("没有该课程");
}
@Override
public void registerGrade(CourseInformation courseP, StudentInformation studentP, GradeInformation gradeP) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入要登记的学生的姓名");
String studentname = new String();
studentname = input.next();
StudentInformation tmpstudent = studentP;
if (tmpstudent == null) {
System.out.println("没有该学生");
return;
}
while (tmpstudent != null) {
if (tmpstudent.studentName == null) {
tmpstudent = tmpstudent.next;
continue;
}
if (tmpstudent.studentName.equals(studentname)) {
CourseInformation tmpcourse = courseP;
System.out.println("请输入登记的课程");
String coursename = new String();
coursename = input.next();
if (tmpcourse == null) {
System.out.println("没有该课程");
return;
}
while (tmpcourse != null) {
if (tmpcourse.courseName == null) {
tmpcourse = tmpcourse.next;
continue;
}
if (tmpcourse.courseName.equals(coursename)) {
System.out.println("给" + studentname + "的" + coursename + "打分");
double grade = 0;
grade = input.nextDouble();
GradeInformation tmpgrade = gradeP;
if (tmpgrade == null) {
tmpgrade.gradeStudentName = studentname;
tmpgrade.gradeCourseName = coursename;
tmpgrade.courseGrade = grade;
tmpstudent.sumGrade += grade;
return;
}
while (tmpgrade.next != null) {
tmpgrade = tmpgrade.next;
}
GradeInformation kidgrade = new GradeInformation();
kidgrade.gradeStudentName = studentname;
kidgrade.gradeCourseName = coursename;
kidgrade.courseGrade = grade;
tmpstudent.sumGrade += grade;
kidgrade.next = null;
tmpgrade.next = kidgrade;
return;
}
tmpcourse = tmpcourse.next;
}
System.out.println("没有该课程");
}
tmpstudent = tmpstudent.next;
}
}
@Override
public void changeGrade(CourseInformation courseP, StudentInformation studentP, GradeInformation gradeP) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("请输入修改的学生姓名");
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String studentname = new String();
studentname = input.next();
StudentInformation tmpstudent = studentP;
if (tmpstudent == null) {
System.out.println("没有该学生");
return;
}
while (tmpstudent != null) {
if (tmpstudent.studentName == null) {
tmpstudent = tmpstudent.next;
continue;
}
if (tmpstudent.studentName.equals(studentname)) {
CourseInformation tmpcourse = courseP;
System.out.println("请输入修改要成绩的课程");
String coursename = new String();
coursename = input.next();
if (tmpcourse == null) {
System.out.println("没有该课程");
return;
}
while (tmpcourse != null) {
if (tmpcourse.courseName == null) {
tmpcourse = tmpcourse.next;
continue;
}
if (tmpcourse.courseName.equals(coursename)) {
GradeInformation tmpgrade = gradeP;
while (tmpgrade != null) {
if (tmpgrade.gradeCourseName == null || tmpgrade.gradeStudentName == null) {
tmpgrade = tmpgrade.next;
continue;
}
if (tmpgrade.gradeCourseName.equals(coursename)
&& tmpgrade.gradeStudentName.equals(studentname)) {
System.out.println("请打分(修改)");
tmpstudent.sumGrade -= tmpgrade.courseGrade;
double grade = 0;
grade = input.nextDouble();
tmpgrade.courseGrade = grade;
tmpstudent.sumGrade += grade;
return;
}
tmpgrade = tmpgrade.next;
}
}
tmpcourse = tmpcourse.next;
}
System.out.println("没有该课程");
return;
}
tmpstudent = tmpstudent.next;
}
System.out.println("没有该学生");
}
@Override
public void searchCourseGrade(CourseInformation courseP, StudentInformation studentP, GradeInformation gradeP) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入查找学生的姓名, 课程的名称");
String coursename = new String();
String studentname = new String();
studentname = input.next();
coursename = input.next();
GradeInformation tmpgrade = gradeP;
if (tmpgrade == null) {
System.out.println("没有学生或者该课程");
return;
}
while (tmpgrade != null) {
if (tmpgrade.gradeStudentName == null || tmpgrade.gradeCourseName == null) {
tmpgrade = tmpgrade.next;
continue;
}
if (tmpgrade.gradeStudentName.equals(studentname) && tmpgrade.gradeCourseName.equals(coursename)) {
System.out.println(studentname + " 的 " + coursename + " 成绩是 " + tmpgrade.courseGrade);
return;
}
tmpgrade = tmpgrade.next;
}
System.out.println("没有学生或者该课程");
}
@Override
public void sortGrades(CourseInformation courseP, StudentInformation studentP, GradeInformation gradeP) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
StudentInformation psort = new StudentInformation();
StudentInformation p = new StudentInformation();
StudentInformation pmax = new StudentInformation();
psort.next = studentP;
if(psort.next == null) {
System.out.println("排序完成(学生总成绩降序)");
return ;
}
while(psort.next != null) {
pmax = psort.next;
p = psort.next.next;
while(p != null) {
if(pmax.sumGrade < p.sumGrade) {
pmax = p;
}
p = p.next;
}
String name = new String();
String id = new String();
String sex = new String();
int age = 0;
double sum = 0;
name = pmax.studentName;
id = pmax.studentID;
sex = pmax.studentsex;
age = pmax.studentAge;
sum = pmax.sumGrade;
pmax.studentName = psort.next.studentName;
pmax.studentID = psort.next.studentID;
pmax.studentsex = psort.next.studentsex;
pmax.studentAge = psort.next.studentAge;
pmax.sumGrade = psort.next.sumGrade;
psort.next.studentName = name;
psort.next.studentID = id;
psort.next.studentsex = sex;
psort.next.studentAge = age;
psort.next.sumGrade = sum;
//-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
psort = psort.next;
}
System.out.println("排序完成(学生总成绩降序)");
}
@Override
public void printInFile(CourseInformation courseP, StudentInformation studentP, GradeInformation gradeP) throws IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
FileWriter fout = new FileWriter("F:\\java\\testworksapace\\StudentManger03\\FileSave.txt", false);
StudentInformation tmpstudent = studentP;
String[] stuname = new String[1000000];
int num = 0;
if(tmpstudent == null) {
return ;
}
while(tmpstudent != null) {
if(tmpstudent.studentName == null) {
tmpstudent = tmpstudent.next;
continue;
}
stuname[num ++] = tmpstudent.studentName;
tmpstudent = tmpstudent.next;
}
CourseInformation tmpcourse = courseP;
String[] coursename = new String[1000000];
int cnt = 0;
while(tmpcourse != null) {
if(tmpcourse.courseName== null) {
tmpcourse = tmpcourse.next;
continue;
}
coursename[cnt ++] = tmpcourse.courseName;
tmpcourse = tmpcourse.next;
}
fout.write("姓名\t");
for(String i : coursename) {
if(i == null) {
continue;
}
fout.write(i + "\t");
}
fout.write("\r\n");
int pos = 0;
for(int k = 0; k < num; k ++) {
String i = stuname[k];
if(i == null) {
continue;
}
pos = 0;
fout.write(i + "\t");
GradeInformation tmpgrade = gradeP;
while(tmpgrade != null) {
if(tmpgrade.gradeStudentName == null) {
tmpgrade = tmpgrade.next;
continue;
}
if(tmpgrade.gradeStudentName.equals(i)) {
if(tmpgrade.gradeCourseName.equals(coursename[pos])) {
fout.write((int)tmpgrade.courseGrade + "\t");
pos ++;
}
}
tmpgrade = tmpgrade.next;
}
fout.write("\r\n");
}
fout.close();
System.out.println("储存完成");
}
@Override
public void showOneCourseAllStudentGrades(CourseInformation courseP, StudentInformation studentP,
GradeInformation gradeP) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入学生的姓名");
String studentname = new String();
studentname = input.next();
GradeInformation tmpgrade = gradeP;
if (tmpgrade == null) {
System.out.println("没有该学生");
return;
}
int cnt = 0;
while (tmpgrade != null) {
if (tmpgrade.gradeStudentName == null) {
tmpgrade = tmpgrade.next;
continue;
}
if (tmpgrade.gradeStudentName.equals(studentname)) {
cnt++;
if (cnt == 1) {
System.out.println("课程\t\t成绩");
}
System.out.println(tmpgrade.gradeCourseName + "\t\t" + tmpgrade.courseGrade);
}
tmpgrade = tmpgrade.next;
}
}
}
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