IPv4地址范围以及子网范围计算
1. 分类IP范围
Class | Range |
---|---|
A | 0.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 |
B | 128.0.0.0 - 191.255.255.255 |
C | 192.0.0.0 - 223.255.255.255 |
D | 224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255 |
E | 240.0.0.0 - 255.255.255.255 |
2. 保留IP范围
10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255
127.0.0.0 - 127.255.255.255
172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255
192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
3. 子网范围计算
如:
1.1.1.101/28
/28表示前面28位的值为1,即 11111111 11111111 11111111 11110000
换算成10进制为 255.255.255.240
因此, /28 = 255.255.255.240 netmask
然后, 256 - 240 = 16, 即子网范围为16
1.1.1.0
1.1.1.16
1.1.1.32
… …
因此,1.1.1.101 位于 1.1.1.96 - 1.1.1.111
4. 子网掩码表
子网掩码位数 | 子网掩码 | Hosts |
---|---|---|
/31 | 255.255.255.254 | 1 host |
/30 | 255.255.255.252 | 2 hosts |
/29 | 255.255.255.248 | 6 hosts |
/28 | 255.255.255.240 | 14 hosts |
/27 | 255.255.255.224 | 30 hosts |
/26 | 255.255.255.192 | 62 hosts |
/25 | 255.255.255.128 | 126 hosts |
/24 | 255.255.255.0 | 254 hosts |
/23 | 255.255.254.0 | 510 hosts |
/22 | 255.255.252.0 | 1022 hosts |
/21 | 255.255.248.0 | 2046 hosts |
/20 | 255.255.240.0 | 4094 hosts |
/19 | 255.255.224.0 | 8190 hosts |
/18 | 255.255.192.0 | 16382 hosts |
/17 | 255.255.128.0 | 32766 hosts |
/16 | 255.255.0.0 | 65534 hosts |
/15 | 255.254.0.0 | 131070 hosts |
/14 | 255.252.0.0 | 262142 hosts |
/13 | 255.248.0.0 | 524286 hosts |
/12 | 255.240.0.0 | 1048574 hosts |
/11 | 255.224.0.0 | 2097150 hosts |
/10 | 255.192.0.0 | 4194302 hosts |
/9 | 255.128.0.0 | 8388606 hosts |
/8 | 255.0.0.0 | 16777214 hosts |