Android学习之RecyclerView的使用

        RecyclerView是Android 5.0推出的，是support-v7包中的新组件,它被用来代替ListView和GridView，并且能够实现瀑布流的布局，更加高级并且更加灵活，提供更为高效的回收复用机制，同时实现管理与视图的解耦合。
官方文档解释：

A flexible view for providing a limited window into a large data set.

        我将通过演示一个简单的例子让大家来感受RecyclerView的魅力。
        1.添加依赖
        1.1打开File —> Project Structure或点击快捷图标或者快捷键ctrl+shift+alt+s
        

        1.2选中app —> Dependencies —> 点击加号 —> Library dependence

        1.3在选择框中输入recyclerview，选择v7包
        
        
        

        1.4成功添加


        2.添加布局
        在activity_main.xml中添加如下代码

<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
    android:id="@+id/recycler_view"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"></android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView>

        3.新建一个item_dome.xml，为RecyclerView内的元素设定xml样式

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="50dp">
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="测试"
        android:layout_marginRight="1dp"
        android:layout_marginLeft="1dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="1dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="1dp"
        android:textColor="@android:color/holo_red_dark"
        android:background="@android:color/holo_blue_dark" />
</LinearLayout>

        4.创建适配器继承RecyclerView.Adapter
        步骤：
        1.创建适配器类继承自RecyclerView.Adapter，泛型传入RecyclerView.ViewHolder类。
        2.创建内部类即RecyclerView.ViewHolder类的子类，并初始化item的控件。
        3.重写RecyclerView.Adapter类的相关方法。

package lession.example.com.recyclerviewdemo;

import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;
import java.util.List;

    /*
    ① 创建一个继承RecyclerView.Adapter<VH>的Adapter类
    ② 创建一个继承RecyclerView.ViewHolder的静态内部类
    ③ 在Adapter中实现3个方法：
       onCreateViewHolder()
       onBindViewHolder()
       getItemCount()
    */
public class RecycleAdapterDome extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RecycleAdapterDome.MyViewHolder>{
    private Context context;
    private List<String> list;
    private View inflater;
    //构造方法，传入数据
    public RecycleAdapterDome(Context context, List<String> list){
        this.context = context;
        this.list = list;
    }
    
    @Override
    public MyViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        //创建ViewHolder，返回每一项的布局
        inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.item_dome,parent,false);
        MyViewHolder myViewHolder = new MyViewHolder(inflater);
        return myViewHolder;
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(MyViewHolder holder, int position) {
        //将数据和控件绑定
        holder.textView.setText(list.get(position));
    }
    
    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        //返回Item总条数
        return list.size();
    }
    
    //内部类，绑定控件
    class MyViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
        TextView textView;
        public MyViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            textView = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.text_view);
        }
    }
}

        5.MainActivity.java中
        步骤：
        1.获取RecyclerView对象 。
        2.初始化数据 。
        3.适配器实例化 。
        4.设置LayoutManager
        5. 设置Adapter 。

package lession.example.com.recyclerviewdemo;

import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.widget.GridLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.support.v7.widget.StaggeredGridLayoutManager;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private RecyclerView recyclerView;//声明RecyclerView
    private RecycleAdapterDome adapterDome;//声明适配器
    private Context context;
    private List<String> list;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        context = this;
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
        list = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i=0;i<10;i++){
            list.add("这是第"+i+"个测试");
        }
        //
        adapterDome = new RecycleAdapterDome(context,list);
        /*
        与ListView效果对应的可以通过LinearLayoutManager来设置
        与GridView效果对应的可以通过GridLayoutManager来设置
        与瀑布流对应的可以通过StaggeredGridLayoutManager来设置
        */
        //LinearLayoutManager manager = new LinearLayoutManager(context,LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL,false);
        LinearLayoutManager manager = new LinearLayoutManager(context);
        manager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL);
        //RecyclerView.LayoutManager manager = new LinearLayoutManager(context,LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL,false);
        //GridLayoutManager manager1 = new GridLayoutManager(context,2);
        //manager1.setOrientation(GridLayoutManager.VERTICAL);
        //StaggeredGridLayoutManager manager2 = new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(3, StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(manager);
        recyclerView.setAdapter(adapterDome);
    }
}

        运行结果：
        

        这就是RecyclerView的简单使用，如果转载以及CV操作，请务必注明出处，谢谢！