浅谈 arch_local_irq_save 及arm64 debug exceptions

追__raw_spin_lock_irqsave 代码时，发现了arch_local_irq_save 这个函数，顺便看了下这个函数

static inline unsigned long arch_local_irq_save(void)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	asm volatile(
		"mrs	%0, daif		// arch_local_irq_save\n"
		"msr	daifset, #2"
		: "=r" (flags)
		:
		: "memory");
	return flags;
}

函数比较简单，汇编代码中，先把原来的daif (DAIF)寄存器值保存到flags，然后把2写入了daifset 寄存器，也就是屏蔽了除了debug 外所有的exception。

DAIF, Exception mask bits

• D Debug exceptions mask.
• A SError interrupt Process state mask, for example, asynchronous External Abort.
• I IRQ interrupt Process state mask.
• F FIQ interrupt Process state mask.
  详见《Programmer’s Guide for ARMv8》

翻了下arm 手册，debug exception 的相关描述如下：

Debug events cause a debug exception if debug logic is configured for self-hosted debug. Debug exception is a synchronous exception that is programmed by the debugger, which is part of the high-level software or operating system. The debugger is also called a self-hosted debugger.
——《Armv8-A self-hosted debug》

简单来说，debug exception 是可以通过指令来产生，用来self-hosted debug 的。所谓self-hosted debug 就是

The self-hosted debug model is used when the debugger is hosted on the Processing Element (PE) that is being debugged. Debug exceptions are the basis of the self-hosted debug model. The debugger programs the debug logic to generate debug events. These debug events then generate debug exceptions.