Java项目之客户信息管理软件

一、项目需求说明

模拟实现基于文本界面的《客户信息管理软件》
该软件能够实现对客户对象的插入、修改和删除（用数组实现），并能够打印客户明细表。

（1）项目采用分级菜单方式：


（2）“添加客户”的界面及操作过程如下：

（3）“修改客户”的界面及操作过程如下：

（4）“删除客户”的界面及操作过程如下：

（5）“客户列表”的界面及操作过程如下：

二、软件设计结构

该软件由以下三个模块组成：

CustomerView为主模块，负责菜单的显示和处理用户操作

CustomerList为Customer对象的管理模块，内部用数组管理一组Customer对象，并提供相应的添加、修改、删除和遍历方法，供CustomerView调用

Customer为实体对象，用来封装客户信息

三、代码实现

（1）CMUtility类：

import java.util.*;

/**
 CMUtility工具类：
 将不同的功能封装为方法，就是可以直接通过调用方法使用它的功能，而无需考虑具体的功能实现细节。
 */

public class CMUtility {
    private static Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    /**
     用于界面菜单的选择。该方法读取键盘，如果用户键入’1’-’5’中的任意字符，则方法返回。返回值为用户键入字符。
     */
    public static char readMenuSelection() {
        char c;
        for(; ; ) {
            String str = readKeyBoard(1,false);
            c = str.charAt(0);
            if(c != '1' && c != '2' && c != '3' && c != '4' && c != '5') {
                System.out.println("选择错误，请重新输入：");
            }else break;
        }
        return c;
    }

    /**
     从键盘读取一个字符，并将其作为方法的返回值。
     */
    public static char readChar() {
        String str = readKeyBoard(1,false);
        return str.charAt(0);
    }
    /**
     从键盘读取一个字符，并将其作为方法的返回值。
     如果用户不输入字符而直接回车，方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
     */
    public static char readChar(char defaultValue) {
        String str = readKeyBoard(1,true);
        return (str.length() == 0)?defaultValue : str.charAt(0);
    }
    /**
     从键盘读取一个长度不超过2位的整数，并将其作为方法的返回值。
     */
    public static int readInt() {
        int n;
        for (; ; ) {
            String str = readKeyBoard(2, false);
            try {
                n = Integer.parseInt(str);
                break;
            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                System.out.print("数字输入错误，请重新输入：");
            }
        }
        return n;
    }
    /**
     从键盘读取一个长度不超过2位的整数，并将其作为方法的返回值。
     如果用户不输入字符而直接回车，方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
     */
    public static int readInt(int defaultValue) {
        int n;
        for(; ; ) {
            String str = readKeyBoard(2,true);
            if(str.equals("")) {
                return defaultValue;
            }

            try {
                n = Integer.parseInt(str);
                break;
            }catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                System.out.println("数字输入错误，请重新输入：");
            }
        }
        return n;
    }

    /**
     从键盘读取一个长度不超过limit的字符串，并将其作为方法的返回值。
     */
    public static String readString(int limit) {
        return readKeyBoard(limit,false);
    }

    /**
     从键盘读取一个长度不超过limit的字符串，并将其作为方法的返回值。
     如果用户不输入字符而直接回车，方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
     */
    public static String readString(int limit,String defaultValue) {
        String str = readKeyBoard(limit,true);
        return str.equals("") ? defaultValue : str;
    }

    /**
     用于确认选择的输入。该方法从键盘读取‘Y’或’N’，并将其作为方法的返回值。
     */
    public static char readConfirmSelection() {
        char c;
        for(; ; ) {
            String str = readKeyBoard(1,false).toUpperCase();
            c = str.charAt(0);
            if(c == 'Y' || c == 'N') {
                break;
            } else {
                System.out.println("选择错误，请重新输入：");
            }
        }
        return c;
    }

    private static String readKeyBoard(int limit,boolean blankReturn) {
        String line = "";

        while (scanner.hasNext()) {
            line = scanner.nextLine();
            if(line.length() == 0) {
                if(blankReturn) return line;
                else continue;
            }
            if(line.length() < 1 || line.length() > limit) {
                System.out.println("输入长度（不大于" + limit + "）错误，请重新输入：");
                continue;
            }
            break;
        }
        return line;
    }


}

（2）Customer类：

public class Customer {
    private String name;
    private char gender;
    private int age;
    private String phone;
    private String email;

    public Customer(String name, char gender, int age) {
        this(name, gender, age, "", "");
    }

    public Customer(String name, char gender, int age, String phone, String email) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.age = age;
        this.phone = phone;
        this.email = email;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public char getGender() {
        return gender;
    }

    public void setGender(char gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }

    public void setPhone(String phone) {
        this.phone = phone;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public String getDetails() {
        return name + "\t" + gender + "\t" + age + "\t\t" + phone + "\t" + email;
    }

}

（3）CustomerList类：

public class CustomerList {
    private Customer[] customers;
    private int total = 0;

    public CustomerList(int totalCustomer) {
        customers = new Customer[totalCustomer];
    }

    public boolean addCustomer(Customer customer) {
        if (total >= customers.length) return false;

        customers[total++] = customer;
        return true;
    }

    public boolean replaceCustomer(int index, Customer cust) {
        if (index < 0 || index >= total) return false;

        customers[index] = cust;
        return true;
    }

    public boolean deleteCustomer(int index) {
        if (index < 0 || index >= total) return false;

        for (int i = index; i < total - 1; i++) {
            customers[i] = customers[i + 1];
        }

        customers[--total] = null;

        return true;
    }

    public Customer[] getAllCustomers() {
        Customer[] custs = new Customer[total];
        for (int i = 0; i < total; i++) {
            custs[i] = customers[i];
        }
        return custs;
    }

    public int getTotal() {
        return total;
    }

    public Customer getCustomer(int index) {
        if (index < 0 || index >= total) return null;

        return customers[index];
    }
}

（4）CustomerView类：

public class CustomerView {
    private CustomerList customers = new CustomerList(10);

    public CustomerView() {
        Customer cust = new Customer("张三", '男', 30, "010-56253825",
                "abc@email.com");
        customers.addCustomer(cust);
    }

    public void enterMainMenu() {
        boolean loopFlag = true;
        do {
            System.out.println("\n-----------------客户信息管理软件-----------------\n");
            System.out.println("                   1 添 加 客 户");
            System.out.println("                   2 修 改 客 户");
            System.out.println("                   3 删 除 客 户");
            System.out.println("                   4 客 户 列 表");
            System.out.println("                   5 退       出\n");
            System.out.print("                   请选择(1-5)：");

            char key = CMUtility.readMenuSelection();
            System.out.println();
            switch (key) {
                case '1':
                    addNewCustomer();
                    break;
                case '2':
                    modifyCustomer();
                    break;
                case '3':
                    deleteCustomer();
                    break;
                case '4':
                    listAllCustomers();
                    break;
                case '5':
                    System.out.print("确认是否退出(Y/N)：");
                    char yn = CMUtility.readConfirmSelection();
                    if (yn == 'Y')
                        loopFlag = false;
                    break;
            }
        } while (loopFlag);
    }


    private void addNewCustomer() {
        System.out.println("---------------------添加客户---------------------");
        System.out.print("姓名：");
        String name = CMUtility.readString(4);
        System.out.print("性别：");
        char gender = CMUtility.readChar();
        System.out.print("年龄：");
        int age = CMUtility.readInt();
        System.out.print("电话：");
        String phone = CMUtility.readString(15);
        System.out.print("邮箱：");
        String email = CMUtility.readString(15);

        Customer cust = new Customer(name, gender, age, phone, email);
        boolean flag = customers.addCustomer(cust);
        if (flag) {
            System.out
                    .println("---------------------添加完成---------------------");
        } else {
            System.out.println("----------------记录已满,无法添加-----------------");
        }
    }

    private void modifyCustomer() {
        System.out.println("---------------------修改客户---------------------");

        int index = 0;
        Customer cust = null;
        for (;;) {
            System.out.print("请选择待修改客户编号(-1退出)：");
            index = CMUtility.readInt();
            if (index == -1) {
                return;
            }

            cust = customers.getCustomer(index - 1);
            if (cust == null) {
                System.out.println("无法找到指定客户！");
            } else
                break;
        }

        System.out.print("姓名(" + cust.getName() + ")：");
        String name = CMUtility.readString(4, cust.getName());

        System.out.print("性别(" + cust.getGender() + ")：");
        char gender = CMUtility.readChar(cust.getGender());

        System.out.print("年龄(" + cust.getAge() + ")：");
        int age = CMUtility.readInt(cust.getAge());

        System.out.print("电话(" + cust.getPhone() + ")：");
        String phone = CMUtility.readString(15, cust.getPhone());

        System.out.print("邮箱(" + cust.getEmail() + ")：");
        String email = CMUtility.readString(15, cust.getEmail());

        cust = new Customer(name, gender, age, phone, email);

        boolean flag = customers.replaceCustomer(index - 1, cust);
        if (flag) {
            System.out
                    .println("---------------------修改完成---------------------");
        } else {
            System.out.println("----------无法找到指定客户,修改失败--------------");
        }
    }

    private void deleteCustomer() {
        System.out.println("---------------------删除客户---------------------");

        int index = 0;
        Customer cust = null;
        for (;;) {
            System.out.print("请选择待删除客户编号(-1退出)：");
            index = CMUtility.readInt();
            if (index == -1) {
                return;
            }

            cust = customers.getCustomer(index - 1);
            if (cust == null) {
                System.out.println("无法找到指定客户！");
            } else
                break;
        }

        System.out.print("确认是否删除(Y/N)：");
        char yn = CMUtility.readConfirmSelection();
        if (yn == 'N')
            return;

        boolean flag = customers.deleteCustomer(index - 1);
        if (flag) {
            System.out
                    .println("---------------------删除完成---------------------");
        } else {
            System.out.println("----------无法找到指定客户,删除失败--------------");
        }
    }

    private void listAllCustomers() {
        System.out.println("---------------------------客户列表---------------------------");
        Customer[] custs = customers.getAllCustomers();
        if (custs.length == 0) {
            System.out.println("没有客户记录！");
        } else {
            System.out.println("编号\t姓名\t性别\t年龄\t\t电话\t\t邮箱");
            for (int i = 0; i < custs.length; i++) {
//            System.out.println(i + 1 + "\t" + custs[i].getName() + "\t" + custs[i].getGender() + "\t" + custs[i].getAge() + "\t\t" + custs[i].getPhone() + "\t" + custs[i].getEmail());
                System.out.println((i+1) + "\t" + custs[i].getDetails());
            }
        }

        System.out.println("-------------------------客户列表完成-------------------------");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CustomerView cView = new CustomerView();
        cView.enterMainMenu();
    }
}