Spring Bean的注册

Spring Bean的注册

一、XML文件方式注册Bean

1、项目结构

2、Persion实体类

public class Persion {

    private String name;

    private int age;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Persion{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }

}

3、beans.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="person" class="com.dashu.bean.Persion">
        <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
        <property name="age" value="18"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

4、Main测试类

import com.dashu.bean.Persion;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        /**
         * xml文件方式
         */
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext classPathXmlApplicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        
        //根据id获取bean
        Persion person = (Persion) classPathXmlApplicationContext.getBean("person");
        
        System.out.println(person);

    }

}

5、运行结果

二、Java配置类方式使用注解@Bean注册Bean

1、项目结构

2、BeanConfig配置类

import com.dashu.bean.Persion;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * @Configuration 注解：告诉Spring这是一个配置类
 *
 * 配置类 == 配置文件（beans.xml文件）
 *
 */
@Configuration
public class BeanConfig {

    /**
     * 给容器中注册一个Bean;
     *          类型：返回值的类型
     *          id：默认用方法名作为id
     *
     * 设置bean的id：@Bean("id")          
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Persion persion(){
        Persion persion = new Persion();
        persion.setName("李四");
        persion.setAge(20);
        return persion;
    }

}

3、Main测试类

import com.dashu.bean.Persion;
import com.dashu.config.BeanConfig;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    
        /**
         * 通过config配置文件方式
         */
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext annotationConfigApplicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(BeanConfig.class);
        //通过类型获取
        Persion persion = annotationConfigApplicationContext.getBean(Persion.class);
        System.out.println(persion);

    }
}

4、运行结果

三、包扫描注册Bean

1、项目结构

2、Bean实体类

@Controller
public class Book {
}

@Service
public class Persion {
}

@Repository
public class Student {
}

@Component
public class User {
}

3、xml文件包扫描

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--
    包扫描
    只要标注了@Controller、@Service、@Repository、@Component注解的类
    就会自动加入Spring容器中
    -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.dashu" />


</beans>

4、BeanConifg配置类

@Configuration
/**
 * @ComponentScan不指定value的话，默认扫描当前配置类所在的包
 */
@ComponentScan(value = "com.dashu")
public class BeanConfig {

}

5、Main测试类

import com.dashu.config.BeanConfig;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        /**
         * xml文件包扫描
         */
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext classPathXmlApplicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        String[] beanDefinitionNames = classPathXmlApplicationContext.getBeanDefinitionNames();
        for (String name : beanDefinitionNames) {
            System.out.println(name);
        }


        System.out.println("-----------------------");

        /**
         * java配置类包扫描
         */
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext annotationConfigApplicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(BeanConfig.class);
        String[] beanDefinitionNames2 = annotationConfigApplicationContext.getBeanDefinitionNames();
        for (String name : beanDefinitionNames2) {
            System.out.println(name);
        }

    }

}

6、运行结果