c++:运算符重载+

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Dog{
    public:
        int m_a;
        int m_b;
};

int main()
{
    Dog p1;
    p1.m_a = 10;
    p1.m_b = 20;

    Dog p2;
    p2.m_a = 10;
    p2.m_b = 20;

    Dog p3;

    p3 =p1 + p2; //没有与这些操作数匹配的 "+" 运算符 -- 操作数类型为:  Dog + Dog
    //会报错，因为编译器无法识别自定义的Dog的返回值类型
    return 0;
}

编译出来就是：没有与这些操作数匹配的 "+" 运算符 -- 操作数类型为:  Dog + Dog

这个时候就需要用到运算符重载重载

1.通过成员函数重载+号

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Dog{
    public:
        Dog();
        Dog(int a,int b);
        Dog operator+(const Dog &p) const;
        void show() const;
    private:
        int m_a;
        int m_b;
};

Dog::Dog():m_a(0),m_b(0){};
Dog::Dog(int a,int b):m_a(a),m_b(b){};

//使用成员函数进行重载
Dog Dog::operator+(const Dog &p) const
{
    Dog tmp;
    tmp.m_a = this->m_a+ p.m_a;
    tmp.m_b = this->m_b + p.m_b;
    return tmp;

}

void Dog::show() const
{
    cout<<m_a<< ""<<m_b<<endl;
}


int main()
{
    Dog p1(10,20);
 
    Dog p2(20,30);

    Dog p3;

    p3 =p1 + p2; //本质为p3 = p1.operater+(p2)
    p3.show();
    return 0;
}

2.在全局范围内重载+运算符

需要用到友元函数

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Dog{
    public:
        Dog();
        Dog(int a,int b);
        friend Dog operator+(const Dog &A,const Dog &B);//声明为友元函数
        void show() const;
    private:
        int m_a;
        int m_b;
};

Dog::Dog():m_a(0),m_b(0){};
Dog::Dog(int a,int b):m_a(a),m_b(b){};

//在全局范围内进行重载
Dog operator+(const Dog &A,const Dog &B)
{
    Dog tmp;
    tmp.m_a = A.m_a+ B.m_a;
    tmp.m_b = A.m_b + B.m_b;
    return tmp;

}

void Dog::show() const
{
    cout<<"m_a:"<<m_a<< " "<<"m_b:"<<m_b<<endl;
}


int main()
{
    Dog p1(10,20);
 
    Dog p2(20,30);

    Dog p3;

    p3 =p1 + p2;//本质为p3 = operater+(p1,p2)
    p3.show();
    return 0;
}

结果：

l-VirtualBox:~/demo/c++/class/operator$ ./operter 
m_a:30 m_b:50