学习狗书flask web，将容器内置的sqlite数据库换成外接mysql容器，便于应用升级

照着书上的的步骤换了数据库，开启了两个容器以后，访问网页报错
打印mysql容器的logs：

[Note] Aborted connection 59 to db: 'flasky' user: 'flasky' host: '192.168.1.1' (Got an error reading communication packets)

数据库断开链接？（后来查资料得知少许这种警告是正常的）

打印app容器的logs：

sqlalchemy.exc.InternalError: (pymysql.err.InternalError) (1054, "Unknown column 'users.name' in 'field list'")

查资料由参考1和参考2得知：没有迁移好数据库，进容器内flask db stamp head + flask db migrate + flask db upgrade
（迁移过程中遇到PermissionError: [Errno 13]报错，可以参考我之前写的）

换了新数据库以后，要注意两点
1：新数据库没有被deploy（忘了吗，你的代码flasky.py最后赋予了deploy命令用来做一些自动化操作）

# flasky.py
@app.cli.command()
def deploy():
    """Run deployment tasks."""
    # migrate database to latest revision
    upgrade()

    # create or update user roles
    Role.insert_roles()

    # ensure all users are following themselves
    User.add_self_follows()

upgrade()：数据库迁移刚才已经做了
接下来：exec指令进入应用容器，接着flask shell 指令进入shell，导入db：from app import db，再手动执行Role.insert_roles()和 User.add_self_follows()
否则你注册了新用户，登录进去也看不见上传博客的输入框，上传不了博客。为什么？
下面代码中有一个判断if current_user.can(Permission.WRITE)，没有deploy，Role表是空的（不信你进mysql容器用sql语句查一查，进入方法在后面会讲），新注册的用户没有被分配角色，更别提有WRITE权限了（参考知乎的一个回答）

#app/main/views.py
@main.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def index():
    form = PostForm()
    if current_user.can(Permission.WRITE) and form.validate_on_submit():
        post = Post(body=form.body.data,....
        ......

注意点2： 跟着书上选的mysql：5.7版本不支持中文字段的输入（查看dockerhub的官方mysql镜像可选版本） 参考资料
如果用mysql5.7，在博客输入框中输入中文，提交后会报错：

sqlalchemy.exc.PendingRollbackError: 
This Session's transaction has been rolled back due to a previous exception during flush.
To begin a new transaction with this Session, first issue Session.rollback().
Original exception was: (pymysql.err.InternalError) 
(1366, "Incorrect string value: '\\xE5\\xBC\\xA0\\xE4\\xB8\\xB9...' for column 'name' at row 1")

如果不想换版本，可以进mysql进行事后补救：
进入mysql的命令（注意跟进入一般容器不同）： docker exec -it mysql_container-name mysql -uroot -p
进去后输入: use flasky(flasky是你跟着书上设置的数据库名) ->show tables;(末尾的分号不能忘) ->执行命令
ALTER table 表的名字 convert to character set utf8mb4;（所有可能接收中文字段的表都要改：users，posts，comments）
方法参考，命令参考

------分割线-----------------------
时隔四个月重新启动两个容器，发现网站内但凡需要访问数据库的地方都特别慢：查看部署应用的容器日志，响应很久后自动重启

[2023-10-18 08:01:07 +0000] [1] [CRITICAL] WORKER TIMEOUT (pid:25)
[2023-10-18 08:01:07 +0000] [25] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 25)
[2023-10-18 08:01:07 +0000] [26] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 26

查看部署mysql的容器：

2023-10-18T07:41:26.416525Z 20 [Note] Aborted connection 20 to db: 'flasky' user: 'flasky' host: '192.168.1.2' (Got an error reading communication packets)
2023-10-18T07:49:04.080247Z 24 [Note] Aborted connection 24 to db: 'flasky' user: 'flasky' host: '192.168.1.2' (Got an error reading communication packets)
2023-10-18T07:50:25.411642Z 40 [Note] Aborted connection 40 to db: 'flasky' user: 'flasky' host: '192.168.1.2' (Got an error reading communication packets)
2023-10-18T07:51:50.684336Z 44 [Note] Aborted connection 44 to db: 'flasky' user: 'flasky' host: '192.168.1.2' (Got an error reading communication packets)
2023-10-18T07:53:31.016601Z 48 [Note] Aborted connection 48 to db: 'flasky' user: 'flasky' host: '192.168.1.2' (Got an error reading communication packets)
2023-10-18T07:54:37.318570Z 52 [Note] Aborted connection 52 to db: 'flasky' user: 'flasky' host: '192.168.1.2' (Got an error reading communication packets)
2023-10-18T07:59:30.867738Z 55 [Note] Aborted connection 55 to db: 'flasky' user: 'flasky' host: '192.168.1.2' (Got an error reading communication packets)
2023-10-18T08:01:07.206371Z 66 [Note] Aborted connection 66 to db: 'flasky' user: 'flasky' host: '192.168.1.2' (Got an error reading communication packets)

很快找到解决方案：进mysql更改最大包