学习笔记：SSH端口转发的三种方式

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已于 2023-11-03 14:17:52 修改

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于 2022-04-05 20:09:54 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43589764/article/details/123975648

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本文是SSH端口转发功能的学习笔记，以备后续复习

ssh所有参数如下：

$ ssh -h

usage: ssh [-46AaCfGgKkMNnqsTtVvXxYy] [-B bind_interface]

[-b bind_address] [-c cipher_spec] [-D [bind_address:]port]

[-E log_file] [-e escape_char] [-F configfile] [-I pkcs11]

[-i identity_file] [-J [user@]host[:port]] [-L address]

[-l login_name] [-m mac_spec] [-O ctl_cmd] [-o option] [-p port]

[-Q query_option] [-R address] [-S ctl_path] [-W host:port]

[-w local_tun[:remote_tun]] destination [command]

ssh端口转发相关的的常用参数：

-f 后台执行ssh指令

-C 允许压缩数据

-N 不执行远程指令

-R 将远程主机(服务器)的某个端口转发到本地端指定机器的指定端口

详细说明：

-R [bind_address:]port:host:hostport

-R [bind_address:]port:local_socket

-R remote_socket:host:hostport

-R remote_socket:local_socket

-R [bind_address:]port

Specifies that connections to the given TCP port or Unix socket on the remote (server) host are to be forwarded to the local side.

This works by allocating a socket to listen to either a TCP port or to a Unix socket on the remote side. When‐ever a connection is made to this port or Unix socket, the connection is forwarded over the secure channel, and a connection is made from the local machine to either an explicit destination specified by host port hostport, or local_socket, or, if no explicit destination was specified, ssh will act as a SOCKS 4/5 proxy and forward connections to the destinations requested by the remote SOCKS client.

Port forwardings can also be specified in the configuration file. Privileged ports can be forwarded only when logging in as root on the remote machine. IPv6 addresses can be specified by enclosing the address in square brackets.

By default, TCP listening sockets on the server will be bound to the loopback interface only. This may be overridden by specifying a bind_address. An empty bind_address, or the address ‘*’, indicates that the remote socket should listen on all interfaces. Specifying a remote bind_address will only succeed if the server's

GatewayPorts option is enabled (see sshd_config(5)).

If the port argument is ‘0’, the listen port will be dynamically allocated on the server and reported to the client at run time. When used together with -O forward the allocated port will be printed to the standard out‐put.

-L 本地端口转发

详细说明

-L [bind_address:]port:host:hostport

-L [bind_address:]port:remote_socket

-L local_socket:host:hostport

-L local_socket:remote_socket

Specifies that connections to the given TCP port or Unix socket on the local (client) host are to be forwarded to the given host and port, or Unix socket, on the remote side. This works by allocating a socket to listen to either a TCP port on the local side, optionally bound to the specified bind_address, or to a Unix socket.

Whenever a connection is made to the local port or socket, the connection is forwarded over the secure channel, and a connection is made to either host port hostport, or the Unix socket remote_socket, from the remote machine.

Port forwardings can also be specified in the configuration file. Only the superuser can forward privileged ports. IPv6 addresses can be specified by enclosing the address in square brackets.

By default, the local port is bound in accordance with the GatewayPorts setting. However, an explicit bind_address may be used to bind the connection to a specific address. The bind_address of “localhost” indi‐cates that the listening port be bound for local use only, while an empty address or ‘*’ indicates that the port should be available from all interfaces.

-D 动态端口转发

详细说明：

-D [bind_address:]port

Specifies a local “dynamic” application-level port forwarding. This works by allocating a socket to listen to port on the local side, optionally bound to the specified bind_address. Whenever a connection is made to this port, the connection is forwarded over the secure channel, and the application protocol is then used to deter‐mine where to connect to from the remote machine. Currently the SOCKS4 and SOCKS5 protocols are supported, and ssh will act as a SOCKS server. Only root can forward privileged ports. Dynamic port forwardings can also be specified in the configuration file.

IPv6 addresses can be specified by enclosing the address in square brackets. Only the superuser can forward privileged ports. By default, the local port is bound in accordance with the GatewayPorts setting. However, an explicit bind_address may be used to bind the connection to a specific address. The bind_address of “localhost” indicates that the listening port be bound for local use only, while an empty address or ‘*’ indi‐cates that the port should be available from all interfaces.