【NR技术】NR NG-RAN整体架构 -网络接口以及无线协议框架(四)

1 引言

  本博文介绍NR NG-RAN的网络节点间的接口以及无线协议框架。网络接口介绍包括RAN和NGC之间的NG接口;无线协议框架包括用户面和控制面协议。

2 NG接口

2.1 NG用户面接口

  NG-U (user plane interface)是NG-RAN节点与UPF之间的接口。NG接口的用户平面协议栈如图1所示。传输网络层建立在IP传输之上,在UDP/IP之上使用GTP-U承载NG-RAN节点与UPF之间的用户平面PDU。
在这里插入图片描述

图1 NG-U协议栈

NG-U在NG-RAN节点和UPF之间提供用户平面PDU下发。

2.2 NG控制面接口

  NG控制平面接口NG-C(control plane interface)是NG- RAN节点与AMF之间的接口。NG接口的控制平面协议栈如图2所示。传输网络层建立在IP传输的基础上。为了可靠地传输信令消息,在IP之上添加了SCTP。应用层信令协议称为NGAP (NG应用协议)。SCTP层为应用层消息的传递提供了保证。在传输中,采用IP层点到点传输的方式来传递信令PDU。
在这里插入图片描述

图2 NG-C协议栈

NG-C提供以下功能:

  • ng接口管理;
  • ue上下文管理;
  • ue移动性管理;
  • 传送NAS讯息;
  • 分页;
  • pdu会话管理;
  • 配置转移;
  • 警告消息传输。

3 Xn接口

3.1 Xn用户面接口

  Xn用户平面(Xn-U)接口在两个NG-RAN节点之间定义。Xn接口的用户平面协议栈如图3所示。传输网络层建立在IP传输之上,在UDP/IP之上使用GTP-U承载用户平面PDU。
在这里插入图片描述

图3 Xn-U协议栈

Xn-U提供用户平面PDU的非可靠下发,支持以下功能:

  • 数据转发;
  • 流量控制。

3.2 Xn控制面接口

  在两个NG-RAN节点之间定义Xn控制平面接口(Xn-C)。Xn接口的控制平面协议栈如图4所示。传输网络层建立在IP之上的SCTP之上。应用层信令协议称为XnAP (Xn应用协议)。SCTP层提供应用层消息的可靠的传递。在传输IP层,使用点对点传输来传送信令PDU。
在这里插入图片描述

图4 Xn-C 协议栈

Xn-C接口支持以下功能:

  • xn接口管理;
  • ue移动性管理,包括上下文传输和RAN分页;
  • 双连接(DC)。

4 无线协议栈框架

4.1 用户面协议栈

  如下图所示为用户平面的协议栈,其中SDAP、PDCP、RLC和MAC子层(在网络侧以gNB终止)执行L2相关的功能。
在这里插入图片描述

图5 用户面协议栈

4.2 控制面协议栈

控制平面协议栈如下图所示,其中:

  • PDCP、RLC和MAC子层(在网络端以gNB终止)执行L2的功能;
  • RRC(在网络端以gNB终止)执行RRC的功能;
  • nas控制协议(在网络端以AMF终止)执行TS 23.501中列出的功能,例如:身份验证、移动性管理、安全控制……
    在这里插入图片描述
图6 控制面协议栈

5 参考文献

3GPP TS 38.300

Contents Foreword 7 1 Scope 8 2 References 8 3 Abbreviations and Definitions 9 3.1 Abbreviations 9 3.2 Definitions 9 4 Overall Architecture and Functional Split 10 4.1 Overall Architecture 10 4.2 Functional Split 11 4.3 Network Interfaces 13 4.3.1 NG Interface 13 4.3.1.1 NG User Plane 13 4.3.1.2 NG Control Plane 13 4.3.2 Xn Interface 14 4.3.2.1 Xn User Plane 14 4.3.2.2 Xn Control Plane 14 4.4 Radio Protocol Architecture 15 4.4.1 User Plane 15 4.4.2 Control Plane 15 4.5 Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity 16 5 Physical Layer 16 5.1 Waveform, numerology and frame structure 16 5.2 Downlink 17 5.2.1 Downlink transmission scheme 17 5.2.2 Physical-layer processing for physical downlink shared channel 17 5.2.3 Physical downlink control channels 18 5.2.4 Synchronization signal and PBCH 18 5.2.5 Physical layer procedures 19 5.2.5.1 Link adaptation 19 5.2.5.2 Power Control 19 5.2.5.3 Cell search 19 5.2.5.4 HARQ 19 5.3 Uplink 19 5.3.1 Uplink transmission scheme 19 5.3.2 Physical-layer processing for physical uplink shared channel 19 5.3.3 Physical uplink control channel 20 5.3.4 Random access 21 5.3.5 Physical layer procedures 21 5.3.5.1 Link adaptation 21 5.3.5.2 Uplink Power control 21 5.3.5.3 Uplink timing control 21 5.3.5.4 HARQ 21 5.4 Carrier aggregation 21 5.4.1 Carrier aggregation 21 5.4.2 Supplemental Uplink 22 5.5 Transport Channels 22 6 Layer 2 23 6.1 Overview 23 6.2 MAC Sublayer 24 6.2.1 Services and Functions 24 6.2.2 Logical Channels 25 6.2.3 Mapping to Transport Channels 25 6.2.4 HARQ 25 6.3 RLC Sublayer 25 6.3.1 Transmission Modes 25 6.3.2 Services and Functions 26 6.3.3 ARQ 26 6.4 PDCP Sublayer 26 6.4.1 Services and Functions 26 6.5 SDAP Sublayer 27 6.6 L2 Data Flow 27 6.7 Carrier Aggregation 27 6.8 Dual Connectivity 29 6.9 Supplementary Uplink 29 6.10 Bandwidth Adaptation 29 7 RRC 30 7.1 Services and Functions 30 7.2 Protocol States 31 7.3 System Information Handling 31 7.4 Access Control 32 7.5 UE Capability Retrieval framework 32 7.6 Transport of NAS Messages 33 7.7 Carrier Aggregation 33 7.8 Bandwidth Adaptation 33 8 NG Identities 33 8.1 UE Identities 33 8.2 Network Identities 33 9 Mobility and State Transitions 34 9.1 Overview 34 9.2 Intra-NR 34 9.2.1 Mobility in RRC_IDLE 34 9.2.1.1 Cell Selection 34 9.2.1.2 Cell Reselection 35 9.2.2 Mobility in RRC_INACTIVE 35 9.2.2.1 Overview 35 9.2.2.2 Cell Reselection 36 9.2.2.3 RAN-Based Notification Area 36 9.2.2.4 State Transitions 37 9.2.2.4.1 UE triggered transition from RRC_INACTIVE to RRC_CONNECTED 37 9.2.2.4.2 Network triggered transition from RRC_INACTIVE to RRC_CONNECTED 37 9.2.2.5 RNA update 38 9.2.3 Mobility in RRC_CONNECTED 38 9.2.3.1 Overview 38 9.2.3.2 Handover 39 9.2.3.2.1 C-Plane Handling 39 9.2.3.2.2 U-Plane Handling 41 9.2.4 Measurements 41 9.2.5 Paging 43 9.2.6 Random Access Procedure 43 9.2.7 Radio Link Failure 44 9.3 Inter RAT 44 9.3.1 Intra 5GC 44 9.3.1.1 Cell Reselection 44 9.3.1.2 Handover 45 9.3.1.3 Measurements 45 9.3.2 From 5GC to EPC 45 9.3.2.1 Cell Reselection 45 9.3.2.2 Handover 45 9.3.2.3 Measurements 45 9.3.2.4 Data Forwarding 45 9.4 Roaming and Access Restrictions 46 10 Scheduling 46 10.1 Basic Scheduler Operation 46 10.2 Downlink Scheduling 46 10.3 Uplink Scheduling 47 10.4 Measurements to Support Scheduler Operation 47 10.5 Rate Control 47 10.5.1 Downlink 47 10.5.2 Uplink 48 10.6 Activation/Deactivation Mechanism 48 11 UE Power Saving 48 12 QoS 49 13 Security 50 13.1 Overview and Principles 50 13.2 Security Termination Points 51 13.3 State Transitions and Mobility 51 14 UE Capabilities 51 15 Self-Configuration and Self-Optimisation 51 15.1 Definitions 51 15.2 UE Support for self-configuration and self-optimisation 51 15.3 Self-configuration 52 15.3.1 Dynamic configuration of the NG-C interface 52 15.3.1.1 Prerequisites 52 15.3.1.2 SCTP initialization 52 15.3.1.3 Application layer initialization 52 15.3.2 Dynamic Configuration of the Xn interface 52 15.3.2.1 Prerequisites 52 15.3.2.2 SCTP initialization 52 15.3.2.3 Application layer initialization 52 15.3.3 Automatic Neighbour Cell Relation Function 52 15.3.3.1 General 52 15.3.3.2 Intra-system – intra NR Automatic Neighbour Cell Relation Function 52 15.3.3.3 Intra-system – intra E-UTRA Automatic Neighbour Cell Relation Function 53 15.3.3.4 Intra-system – inter RAT Automatic Neighbour Cell Relation Function 53 15.3.3.5 Inter-system Automatic Neighbour Cell Relation Function 53 15.3.4 Xn-C TNL address discovery 53 16 Verticals Support 53 16.1 URLLC 53 16.1.1 Overview 53 16.1.2 LCP Restrictions 53 16.1.3 Packet Duplication 53 16.2 IMS Voice 54 16.3 Network Slicing 54 16.3.1 General Principles and Requirements 54 16.3.2 CN Instance and NW Slice Selection 55 16.3.2.1 CN-RAN interaction and internal RAN aspects 55 16.3.2.2 Radio Interface Aspects 55 16.3.3 Resource Isolation and Management 55 16.3.4 Signalling Aspects 56 16.3.4.1 General 56 16.3.4.2 CN Instance and NW Slice Selection 56 16.3.4.3 UE Context Handling 56 16.3.4.4 PDU Session Handling 57 16.3.4.5 Mobility 58 16.4 Public Warning System 59 Annex A (informative): QoS Handling in RAN 60 A.1 PDU Session Establishment 60 A.2 New QoS Flow without Explicit Signalling 60 A.3 New QoS Flow with NAS Reflective QoS and Explicit RRC Signalling 61 A.4 New QoS Flow with Explicit Signalling 62 A.5 Release of QoS Flow with Explicit Signalling 63 A.6 UE Initiated UL QoS Flow 64 Annex B (informative): Deployment Scenarios 66 B.1 Supplementary Uplink 66 Annex C (informative): Change history 67
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