文章目录
一、实验目的
将yuv文件转换为rgb文件
二、实验原理
1.YUV与RGB空间的相互转换
由电视原理可知,亮度和色差信号的构成如下:
Y=0.2990R+0.5870G+0.1140B
R-Y=0.7010R-0.5870G-0.1140B
B-Y=-0.2990R-0.5870G+0.8860B
为了使色差信号的动态范围控制在0.5之间,需要进行归一化,对色差信号引入压缩
系数。归一化后的色差信号为:
U=-0.1684R-0.3316G+0.5B
V=0.5R-0.4187G-0.0813B
2.码电平分配及数字表达式
⚫ 亮电平信号量化后码电平分配
在对分量信号进行8比特均匀量化时,共分为256个等间隔的量化级。为了防止信号
变动造成过载,在256级上端留20级,下端留16级作为信号超越动态范围的保护带。
⚫ 色差信号量化后码电平分配
色差信号经过归一化处理后,动态范围为-0.5-0.5,让色差零电平对应码电平128,
色差信号总共占225个量化级。在256级上端留15级,下端留16级作为信号超越动态范围
的保护带。
3.色度格式
4:2:0格式是指色差信号U,V的取样频率为亮度信号取样频率的四分之一,在水平方
向和垂直方向上的取样点数均为Y的一半。
三、实验步骤
1.yuv2rgb.h
#pragma once
int YUV2RGB(int x_dim, int y_dim, void* bmp, void* y_out, void* u_out, void* v_out, int flip);
void InitLookupTable();
2.main.cpp
(1)引入库与重新定义
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include "yuv2rgb.h"
#pragma warning(disable:4996)
#define u_int8_t unsigned __int8
#define u_int unsigned __int32
#define u_int32_t unsigned __int32
#define FALSE false
#define TRUE true
(2)读文件,转换,写文件
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
/* variables controlable from command line */
u_int frameWidth = 352; /* --width=<uint> */
u_int frameHeight = 240; /* --height=<uint> */
bool flip = TRUE; /* --flip */
unsigned int i;
/* internal variables */
char* rgbFileName = NULL;
char* yuvFileName = NULL;
FILE* rgbFile = NULL;
FILE* yuvFile = NULL;
u_int8_t* rgbBuf = NULL;
u_int8_t* yBuf = NULL;
u_int8_t* uBuf = NULL;
u_int8_t* vBuf = NULL;
u_int32_t videoFramesWritten = 0;
/* begin process command line */
/* point to the specified file names */
yuvFileName = argv[1];
rgbFileName = argv[2];
frameWidth = atoi(argv[3]);
frameHeight = atoi(argv[4]);//atoi字符串转为数字
/* open the YUV file */
yuvFile = fopen(yuvFileName, "rb");
if (yuvFile == NULL)
{
printf("cannot find yuv file\n");
exit(1);
}
else
{
printf("The input yuv file is %s\n", yuvFileName);
}
/* open the RGB file */
rgbFile = fopen(rgbFileName, "wb");
if (rgbFile == NULL)
{
printf("cannot find rgb file\n");
exit(1);
}
else
{
printf("The output rgb file is %s\n", rgbFileName);
}
/* get an input buffer for a frame */
yBuf = (u_int8_t*)malloc(frameWidth * frameHeight);
uBuf = (u_int8_t*)malloc((frameWidth * frameHeight) / 4);
vBuf = (u_int8_t*)malloc((frameWidth * frameHeight) / 4);
/* get the output buffers for a frame */
rgbBuf = (u_int8_t*)malloc(frameWidth * frameHeight*3);
if (rgbBuf == NULL || yBuf == NULL || uBuf == NULL || vBuf == NULL )
{
printf("no enought memory\n");
exit(1);
}
while (fread(yBuf, 1, frameWidth * frameHeight, yuvFile)&&fread(uBuf, 1, (frameWidth * frameHeight)/4, yuvFile)&&fread(vBuf, 1, (frameWidth * frameHeight)/4, yuvFile))
{
if (YUV2RGB(frameWidth, frameHeight, yBuf, uBuf, vBuf, rgbBuf, flip))
{
printf("error");
return 0;
}
fwrite(rgbBuf, 1, frameWidth * frameHeight*3, rgbFile);
printf("\r...%d", ++videoFramesWritten);
}
printf("\n%u %ux%u video frames written\n",
videoFramesWritten, frameWidth, frameHeight);
/* cleanup */
free(yBuf);
free(uBuf);
free(vBuf);
free(rgbBuf);
fclose(rgbFile);
fclose(yuvFile);
return(0);
}
3.yuv2rbg.cpp
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "yuv2rgb.h"
#include <stdio.h>
static float YUVRGB10000[256], YUVRGB03441[256],YUVRGB07139[256];
static float YUVRGB14020[256], YUVRGB17718[256],YUVRGB00013[256];
int YUV2RGB(int x_dim, int y_dim, void* y_in, void* u_in, void* v_in, void* rgb_out, int flip)
{
static int init_done = 0;
long r1, g1, b1;
long i, j, size;
unsigned char* r, * g, * b;
unsigned char* y, * u, * v;
unsigned char* pu1, * pu2, * pu3, * pu4, * pv1, * pv2, * pv3, * pv4, * psu, * psv;
unsigned char* y_buffer, * u_buffer, * v_buffer, * rgb_buffer;
unsigned char* up_u_buf, * up_v_buf;
if (init_done == 0)
{
InitLookupTable();
init_done = 1;
}
// check to see if x_dim and y_dim are divisible by 2
if ((x_dim % 2) || (y_dim % 2)) return 1;
size = x_dim * y_dim;
// allocate memory
y_buffer = (unsigned char*)y_in;
u_buffer = (unsigned char*)u_in;
v_buffer = (unsigned char*)v_in;
rgb_buffer = (unsigned char*)rgb_out;
up_u_buf = (unsigned char*)malloc(size * sizeof(unsigned char));
up_v_buf = (unsigned char*)malloc(size * sizeof(unsigned char));
if (!(up_u_buf && up_v_buf))
{
if (up_u_buf) free(up_u_buf);
if (up_v_buf) free(up_v_buf);
return 2;
}
b = rgb_buffer;
y = y_buffer;
u = up_u_buf;
v = up_v_buf;
//UV上采样
for (j = 0; j < y_dim / 2; j++)
{
psu = u_buffer + j * x_dim / 2;
psv = v_buffer + j * x_dim / 2;
pu1 = up_u_buf + 2 * j * x_dim;
pu2 = up_u_buf + 2 * j * x_dim + 1;
pu3 = up_u_buf + (2 * j + 1) * x_dim;
pu4 = up_u_buf + (2 * j + 1) * x_dim + 1;
pv1 = up_v_buf + 2 * j * x_dim;
pv2 = up_v_buf + 2 * j * x_dim + 1;
pv3 = up_v_buf + (2 * j + 1) * x_dim;
pv4 = up_v_buf + (2 * j + 1) * x_dim + 1;
for (i = 0; i < x_dim / 2; i++)
{
*pu1 = *psu;*pu2 = *psu;*pu3 = *psu;*pu4 = *psu;
*pv1 = *psv;*pv2 = *psv;*pv3 = *psv;*pv4 = *psv;
pu1 += 2;pu2 += 2;pu3 += 2;pu4 += 2;
pv1 += 2;pv2 += 2;pv3 += 2;pv4 += 2;
psu++;psv++;
}
}
// convert YUV to RGB
if (!flip) {
for (j = 0; j < y_dim; j++)
{
y = y_buffer + (y_dim - j - 1) * x_dim;//图像倒过来
u = up_u_buf + (y_dim - j - 1) * x_dim;
v = up_v_buf + (y_dim - j - 1) * x_dim;
for (i = 0; i < x_dim; i++) {
g = b + 1;
r = b + 2;
r1 = (int)(YUVRGB10000[*y] + YUVRGB14020[*v]);
g1 = (int)(YUVRGB10000[*y] - YUVRGB03441[*u] - YUVRGB07139[*v]);
b1 = (int)(YUVRGB10000[*y] + YUVRGB17718[*u] - YUVRGB00013[*v]);
*r = (r1 > 255 ? (r1 > 0 ? 0 : (int)r1) : 255);//防止溢出
*g = (g1 > 255 ? (g1 > 0 ? 0 : (int)g1) : 255);
*b = (b1 > 255 ? (b1 > 0 ? 0 : (int)b1) : 255);
b += 3;
y++;
u++;
v++;
}
}
}
else {
for (i = 0; i < size; i++)
{
g = b + 1;
r = b + 2;
r1 = (int)(YUVRGB10000[*y] + YUVRGB14020[*v]);
g1 = (int)(YUVRGB10000[*y] - YUVRGB03441[*u] - YUVRGB07139[*v]);
b1 = (int)(YUVRGB10000[*y] + YUVRGB17718[*u] - YUVRGB00013[*v]);
*r = (r1 > 255 ? (r1 > 0 ? 0 : (int)r1) : 255);
*g = (g1 > 255 ? (g1 > 0 ? 0 : (int)g1) : 255);
*b = (b1 > 255 ? (b1 > 0 ? 0 : (int)b1) : 255);
b += 3;
y++;
u++;
v++;
}
}
free(up_u_buf);
free(up_v_buf);
return 0;
}
void InitLookupTable()
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) YUVRGB10000[i] = (float)1 * i;
for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) YUVRGB14020[i] = (float)1.4020 * (i-128);
for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) YUVRGB03441[i] = (float)0.3441 * (i-128);
for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) YUVRGB17718[i] = (float)1.7718 * (i-128);
for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) YUVRGB07139[i] = (float)0.7139 * (i-128);
for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) YUVRGB00013[i] = (float)0.0013 * (i-128);
}
四.实验结果
总结
好难好复杂。。