springCloud实践

SpringBoot+SpringCloud+Eureka+Feign+Ribbon+Hystrix+Zuul+Mybatis

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本文实例采用springboot、springCloud、eureka、feign/ribbon、hystrix、zuul、mybatis

提示：以下是本篇文章正文内容，下面案例可供参考

一、SpringCloud是什么？

spring-cloud是微服务架构的集成者，将一系列优秀的组件进行了整合。
基于spring-boot构建，以spring-boot方式做到一键启动和部署，能够快速构建微服务系统与第三方对接

整体结构如下：

新建项目spring-cloud-parent做为这个项目统一管理pom的jar，

详细pom如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-parent</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>spring-cloud-parent</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR2</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
				<dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>1.1.0</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${
   spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>


    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

1.Eureka

eureka就是一个服务中心，将所有的可以提供的服务都注册到它这里来管理，调用者需要的时候去注册中心获取，然后在进行调用，方便后续的水平扩展、故障转移

1. 1、新创建一个注册中心springcloud-service-eureka，让其他的服务暴露在注册中心,主要引入

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

详细pom如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-parent</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloud-service-eureka</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springcloud-service-eureka</name>
    <description>service registry</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.example.springcloud.service.eureka.SpringcloudServiceEurekaApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

1. 2、此项目只作为一个注册中心，所以不需要过多的代码，只需要启动此项目，在启动类上加上Eureka的注解@EnableEurekaServer表示为注册中心服务，详细代码如下：

package com.example.springcloud.service.eureka;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringcloudServiceEurekaApplication {
   

    public static void main(String[] args) {
   
        SpringApplication.run(SpringcloudServiceEurekaApplication.class, args);
    }

}

1. 3、配置文件中说明对外的服务名称、暴露服务的ip和端口，在application.yml中加入Eureka配置，详情如下：

#eureka的端口号
spring:
application:
# 对外的服务名
name: springcloud-service-eureka

server:
#分配端口
port: 8001

eureka:
instance:
#eureka的主机
hostname: localhost
client:
#因为此项目本身就是一个服务，是用来别的服务注册到本项目中，不向注册中心注册自己
registerWithEureka: false 
fetchRegistry: false
serviceUrl:
#对外提供的服务地址
defaultZone: http://${
   eureka.instance.hostname}:${
   server.port}/eureka/

1. 4、启动项目，可以访问http://localhost:8001查看Eureka，如下图：

注册中心已经创建完成了，下面开始建立服务的提供者，新建springCloud-service-provider，此服务和数据库交互，所以需要引入mysql、mybatis、jdbc等依赖

2.服务提供者

2.1、 在pom中加入Eureka相关依赖，详情如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-parent</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloud-service-provider</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springcloud-service-provider</name>
    <description>eureka provider client</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter<<