Python生成可设置单元格背景色的表格图片

网上看到很多都是使用prettytable库绘制的表格，但是很不美观，所以自己使用pillow库绘制一个。

一、安装pillow

Python版本使用Python3.8
pip3 install pillow

二、代码实现

为了简化功能，代码中很多参数固定写死，可以根据需要自己来调整。

#!/bin/python3
# -*- coding:UTF-8 -*-

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
import csv

def create_table_img(data, table_data_color, image_name, **kwargs):
    # 图片类型
    image_type = "JPEG"
    # 图片背景底色
    table_image_background_color = (255, 255, 255)
    # 图片高宽
    if 'table_image_width' not in kwargs:
        table_image_width = 1000
    else:
        table_image_width = kwargs['table_image_width']
    if 'table_image_height' not in kwargs:
        table_image_height = 600
    else:
        table_image_height = kwargs['table_image_height']
    if 'font' not in kwargs:
        kwargs['font'] = None
    else:
        font = kwargs['font']
    # 表格水平垂直间距
    table_ver_space = 10
    table_hor_space = 10
    # 字体大小设置
    table_title_font_size = 30
    table_data_font_size = 18
    table_desc_font_size = 16
    font_table_title = ImageFont.truetype(
        font, table_title_font_size, encoding='utf-8')
    font_table_data = ImageFont.truetype(
        font, table_data_font_size, encoding='utf-8')
    font_table_desc = ImageFont.truetype(
        font, table_desc_font_size, encoding='utf-8')
    # 表格数据高宽
    if 'table_data_width' not in kwargs:
        table_data_width = 160
    else:
        table_data_width = kwargs['table_data_width']
    if 'table_data_height' not in kwargs:
        table_data_height = 30
    else:
        table_data_height = kwargs['table_data_height']
    # Image模块创建一个图片对象
    im = Image.new('RGB', (table_image_width, table_image_height),
                   table_image_background_color)
    # ImageDraw向图片中进行操作
    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(im)
    # 文字都居中显示
    table_top_offset = 0
    # draw title
    if 'table_title' in kwargs:
        table_title = kwargs['table_title']
        txt_title_size = draw.textsize(table_title, font=font_table_title)
        # 居中显示
        draw.text((table_image_width/2 - txt_title_size[0]/2, table_ver_space),
                  table_title, fill=(0, 0, 0), font=font_table_title)
        table_top_offset = table_ver_space * 2 + txt_title_size[1]

    # draw data
    table_column_count = len(data[0])
    table_row_count = len(data)
    for i in range(0, table_row_count):
        for j in range(0, table_column_count):
            x = table_data_width*j + table_hor_space
            y = table_data_height*i + table_top_offset
            draw.rectangle((x, y, x + table_data_width, y + table_data_height),
                           table_data_color[i][j], (0, 0, 0, 255))
            txt_size = draw.textsize(data[i][j], font=font_table_data)
            draw.text((x+table_data_width/2-txt_size[0]/2, y+table_data_height /
                       2-txt_size[1]/2), data[i][j], fill=(0, 0, 0), font=font_table_data)
    # draw desc
    if 'table_desc' in kwargs:
        table_desc = kwargs['table_desc']
        draw.text((table_hor_space, table_data_height*table_row_count + table_top_offset +
                   table_ver_space), table_desc, fill=(0, 0, 0), font=font_table_desc)
    del draw
    # 保存为图片
    im.save(image_name, image_type)
    return True

if __name__ == "__main__":
    data_result = []
    os_platform = "windows"  # windows/linux
    # os_platform = "linux"  #windows/linux
    if os_platform == "windows":
        csv_path = "E:\\data\\result.csv"
        reslut_path = "E:\\data\\"
        font_path = "C:\\Windows\\Fonts\\simhei.ttf"
    else:
        csv_path = "/home/data/result.csv"
        reslut_path = "/home/data/"
        font_path = "/usr/share/fonts/chinese/simhei.ttf"
    img_name = "result.jpg"
    with open(csv_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as fp:
        for i in csv.reader(fp):
            i[0] = i[0].replace('\ufeff', '')
            data_result.append(i)
    metric = [{
        "name": "数学",
        "position": 1,
        "value_pass": 90
    }, {
        "name": "语文",
        "position": 2,
        "value_pass": 90
    }, {
        "name": "英语",
        "position": 3,
        "value_pass": 90
    }, {
        "name": "理综",
        "position": 4,
        "value_pass": 180
    }]

    data = data_result.copy()
    img_path = reslut_path + img_name
    table_title = "学生考试成绩结果表"
    table_desc = "注：表格中标注红色底色的成绩表示不合格，无颜色标注的成绩表示合格。"
    table_column_count = len(data[0])
    table_row_count = len(data)
    table_data_color = [[(255, 255, 255) for i in range(
        table_column_count)] for j in range(table_row_count)]
    index = 0
    for element in metric:
        index += 1
        element_pos = element['position']
        element_value_pass = element['value_pass']
        for i in range(1, table_row_count-1):
            value = data_result[i]
            if (float(value[element_pos]) - element_value_pass) <= 0:
                table_data_color[i][element_pos] = (255, 0, 0)

    result = create_table_img(data, table_data_color, img_path,
                              font=font_path,
                              table_title=table_title,
                              table_desc=table_desc,
                              table_image_width=820,
                              table_image_height=450,
                              table_data_width=160,
                              table_data_height=30)

三、测试结果

1、数据文件示例：
姓名,数学,语文,英语,理综
张一,100,100,100,280
张二,100,100,100,280
张三,100,80,100,280
张四,100,100,100,280
张五,100,100,100,70
张六,100,100,100,280
张七,60,100,100,280
赵一,100,100,100,280
赵二,100,50,100,280
赵三,100,100,100,280
赵四,100,100,100,280
2、测试结果