一、前言
在产品开发中,触摸功能是非常常见的,不同厂家的触摸调试大致相同,但又有点不太一样。这款触摸板送过来时并没有触摸功能在里面,需要在安卓板通过i2c传输数据(厂家提供)到触摸板进行升级。
二、查看引脚分布
可以看到主要有中断脚、i2c、复位脚。
三、查看规格书
可以知道这块触摸板有两个i2c地址,未有触摸功能前是0x6A,在进行了升级后i2c地址是0x15。
四、安卓端去升级触摸板
1.编写 i2c写设备代码
//argc1:i2c句柄 argc2:i2c地址(16位)argc3:写buffer argc4:写的数据长度
int write_to_i2c_device(struct i2c_client *client, u16 reg, u8 *buf, u16 len)
{
int ret;
u8 *tx_buf;
//内核中动态分配一个struct i2c_msg 结构体的内存,并将其地址存储在msgs变量中,以便后续使用。
struct i2c_msg *msgs = kzalloc(sizeof(struct i2c_msg), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!msgs)
{
return -ENOMEM;
}
//写buffer需要传输地址+数据
tx_buf = kzalloc(sizeof(reg) + len, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!tx_buf)
{
kfree(msgs);
return -ENOMEM;
}
//将16位地址分割,将前八位赋值到tx_buf[0]、后八位赋值到tx_buf[1]
tx_buf[0] = reg >> 8;
tx_buf[1] = reg & 0xff;
//因为tx_buf里面的数组是i2c地址,不能覆盖,偏移两个字节把写入的数据buf赋值到数组tx_buf中
memcpy(tx_buf + 2, buf, len);
msgs[0].addr = 0x6A;//升级前i2c地址
msgs[0].flags = 0;//写标志
msgs[0].len = len + sizeof(reg);//传输长度
msgs[0].buf = tx_buf;//传输数据
ret = i2c_transfer(client->adapter, msgs, 1);//发送数据
kfree(msgs);//释放msgs
kfree(tx_buf);//释放tx_buf数组
return ret;
}
2.编写 i2c读设备代码
读一个字节:
//argc1 : i2c句柄 argc2:设备寄存器地址 argc3:寄存器读出数据存储数组
int read_byte_from_i2c_device(struct i2c_client *client, u16 addr, u8 *data)
{
int ret;
u8 buf[2];
//写16位地址,低八位放到buf[0],高八位放到buf[1]
buf[0] = (u8)(addr >> 8);
buf[1] = (u8)(addr & 0xff);
//读设备时需要写地址,读数据,所以分两个msgs发送
struct i2c_msg msgs[] = {
{
.addr = 0x6A,//i2c地址
.flags = 0,//写标志
.len = 2,//写数据长度
.buf = buf,//写buffer
},
{
.addr = 0x6A,//i2c地址
.flags = I2C_M_RD,//读标志
.len = 1,//读数据长度
.buf = data,//读buffer存放
},
};
ret = i2c_transfer(client->adapter, msgs, 2);//发送数据
if (ret < 0)
{
pr_debug("Failed to read from I2C device: %d\n", ret);
return ret;
}
return 0;
}
读两个字节:
int read_2byte_from_i2c_device(struct i2c_client *client, u16 addr, u8 *data)
{
int ret;
u8 buf[2];
buf[0] = (u8)(addr >> 8);
buf[1] = (u8)(addr & 0xff);
struct i2c_msg msgs[] = {
{
.addr = 0x6A,
.flags = 0,
.len = 2,
.buf = buf,
},
{
.addr = 0x6A,
.flags = I2C_M_RD,
.len = 2,
.buf = data,
},
};
ret = i2c_transfer(client->adapter, msgs, 2);
if (ret < 0)
{
pr_debug("Failed to read from I2C device: %d\n", ret);
return ret;
}
return 0;
}
我把这个两段代码分开写的,其实是可以合并起来用len去指定,后期可以优化一下
3.触摸ic进入boot模式
static int CST812T_enter_bootmode(void)
{
u8 retryCnt = 10;
while (retryCnt--)
{
u8 cmd[3];
u8 read_bf[2];
gpio_direction_output(gpio_rst, 0);//复位脚操作
gpio_set_value(gpio_rst, 0);//拉低
mdelay(10);//延时10ms
gpio_set_value(gpio_rst, 1);//拉高
mdelay(5);//延时5ms
// pr_debug("Print 3 states %d %d %d \n",b,c,d);
cmd[0] = 0xAB;
//将0xAB写进寄存器0xA001
int write_flag = write_to_i2c_device(ts->client, 0xA001, cmd, 1);
mdelay(2);//延时2ms
//从寄存器0xA003读出数据放在read_bf里
int read_flag = read_byte_from_i2c_device(ts->client, 0xA003, read_bf);
pr_debug("write_flag=%d,read_flag=%d,read_bf[0]=%d \n", write_flag, read_flag, read_bf[0]);
//进行判断
if (read_bf[0] != 0xC1)
{
pr_debug("get 0xA003 value not 0xC1 \n");
mdelay(2);
continue;
}
else
{
pr_debug("get 0xA003 value is 0xC1 \n");
return 0;
}
}
return -1;
}
4.读取校验和
// 读取IC校验和
static u16 CST812T_read_checksum(void)
{
union
{
u16 sum;
u8 buf[2];
} checksum;
u8 cmd[3];
u8 retrycnt = 100;
u8 read_01 = 0;
//判断触摸ic是否进入boot模式
if (-1 == CST812T_enter_bootmode())
{
return 1;
}
cmd[0] = 0x00;
//向寄存器地址0xA003写0x00
write_to_i2c_device(ts->client, 0xA003, cmd, 1);
//延时300ms
mdelay(300);
checksum.sum = 0;
//循环往寄存器地址0xA000读数据放到read_01,直到读到数据0x01
while (retrycnt--)
{
read_byte_from_i2c_device(ts->client, 0xA000, &read_01);
pr_debug("read_01====%d", read_01);
if (0x01 == read_01)
{
break;
}
mdelay(10);
}
//往寄存器地址0xA008读数据2个字节数据
read_2byte_from_i2c_device(ts->client, 0xA008, checksum.buf);
//合并两组数据
checksum.sum = (checksum.buf[1] << 8) | checksum.buf[0];
返回检验和
return checksum.sum;
}
5.升级固件
// 升级固件
static int CST812T_update(u16 startAddr, u16 len, u8 *src)
{
u16 sum_len;
u8 cmd[10];
u8 read_bf[2];
u8 retrycnt = 50;
//再次检验是否进入boot模式
if (-1 == CST812T_enter_bootmode())
{
return -1;
}
sum_len = 0;
do
{
if (sum_len >= len)
{
return 0;
}
cmd[0] = startAddr & 0xFF;
cmd[1] = startAddr >> 8;
//往0xA014写进数据
write_to_i2c_device(ts->client, 0XA014, cmd, 2);
//往0xA018连写512个字节
write_to_i2c_device(ts->client, 0XA018, src, 512);
mdelay(1);
cmd[0] = 0xee;
write_to_i2c_device(ts->client, 0XA004, cmd, 1);
mdelay(100);
retrycnt = 50;
//循环读寄存器0XA005的值,直到read_bf[0] == 0x55
while (retrycnt--)
{
read_2byte_from_i2c_device(ts->client, 0XA005, read_bf);
pr_debug("read_bf=======%d and %d\n", read_bf[0], read_bf[1]);
if (read_bf[0] == 0x55)
{
// success
mdelay(1);
break;
}
mdelay(5);
}
//往后偏移512个字节继续写
startAddr += 512;
src += 512;
sum_len += 512;
} while (len);
cmd[0] = 0x00;
write_to_i2c_device(ts->client, 0XA003, cmd, 1);
return 0;
}
6.正式升级
// 升级
u8 ctp_hynitron_update(void)
{
u16 IC_checksum = 0;
if (0 == CST812T_enter_bootmode())
{
if (sizeof(app_bin_debug) > 10)
{
u16 startAddr = app_bin_debug[1];
u16 length = app_bin_debug[3];
u16 checksum = app_bin_debug[5];
startAddr <<= 8;
startAddr |= app_bin_debug[0]; // 固件的起始地址
length <<= 8;
length |= app_bin_debug[2]; // 固件的大小
checksum <<= 8;
checksum |= app_bin_debug[4]; // 固件的校验和
pr_debug("hex_file_checksum: 0x%02x \r\n", checksum);
IC_checksum = CST812T_read_checksum();
if ((IC_checksum != checksum) && ((startAddr | length) == 0x3C00)) // 读取IC里面的校验和,与固件的不一致时就进入升级流程
{
CST812T_update(startAddr, length, (u8 *)app_bin_debug + 6); // 开始执行升级流程
IC_checksum = CST812T_read_checksum(); // 读出新烧录进去的校验和
pr_debug("after update IC_checksum: 0x%02x \r\n", IC_checksum);
if (IC_checksum != checksum)
{
pr_debug("hynitron update fail! \r\n");
}
}
}
}
//再调整一下复位脚
gpio_direction_output(gpio_rst, 0);
gpio_set_value(gpio_rst, 0);
gpio_get_value(gpio_rst);
mdelay(10);
gpio_set_value(gpio_rst, 1);
return 0;
}
将ctp_hynitron_update函数放到probe函数里去执行, 这样操作后触摸板就有触摸功能了,后面就可以按照常规的方法去调试触摸板了。
五、调通触摸板和安卓板的通信
1.dts编写
&twi2 {
clock-frequency = <100000>;//设置速率为100kHZ
pinctrl-0 = <&twi2_pins_a>;
pinctrl-1 = <&twi2_pins_b>;
pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";
twi_drv_used = <0>;
dmas = <&dma 45>, <&dma 45>;
dma-names = "tx", "rx";
status = "okay";
ekt2101@15 {
compatible = "ekt2101_15";
reg = <0x15>;//i2c地址
gpio-irq = <&pio PB 1 IRQ_TYPE_EDGE_RISING>;//通过原理图可以知道中断脚在PB1
gpio-reset = <&pio PB 6 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;//通过原理图可以知道复位脚在PB6
status = "okay";
};
};
&pio {
//默认3.3v
...
twi2_pins_a: twi2@0 {
pins = "PH4", "PH5";//通过原理图可以指定i2c时钟和数据脚在PH4、PH5
function = "twi2";//i2c2
drive-strength = <10>;
};
twi2_pins_b: twi2@1 {
pins = "PH4", "PH5";
function = "gpio_in";
};
...
};
2.进入中断函数处理相应的数据
//读0x22、0x23、0x24寄存器地址,再判断上报
CST812T_read_regs(ts->client, 0x22, &ts->cst812_reg_data[0], 1);
CST812T_read_regs(ts->client, 0x23, &ts->cst812_reg_data[1], 1);
CST812T_read_regs(ts->client, 0x24, &ts->cst812_reg_data[2], 1);
if (ts->cst812_reg_data[0] == 0x01)
{ // BACK
pr_debug("back back back back\n");
input_report_key(input, KEY_BACK, 1);
ts->pre_back = 1;
gvalue_keyboard_verify = (gvalue_keyboard_verify | (0x01 << 5));//上报检验back
}
if (ts->cst812_reg_data[0] == 0x00 && ts->pre_back == 1)
{
input_report_key(input, KEY_BACK, 0);
ts->pre_back = 0;
}
if (ts->cst812_reg_data[0] == 0x02)
{ // menu
pr_debug("menu menu menu \n");
input_report_key(input, KEY_MENU, 1);
ts->pre_menu = 1;
gvalue_keyboard_verify = (gvalue_keyboard_verify | (0x01 << 6));//上报检验menu
}
if (ts->cst812_reg_data[0] == 0x00 && ts->pre_menu == 1)
{
input_report_key(input, KEY_MENU, 0);
ts->pre_menu = 0;
}
if (ts->cst812_reg_data[0] == 0x04)
{ // left
pr_debug("left left left \n");
input_report_key(input, KEY_LEFT, 1);
ts->pre_left = 1;
gvalue_keyboard_verify = (gvalue_keyboard_verify | (0x01 << 2));//上报检验left
}
if (ts->cst812_reg_data[0] == 0x00 && ts->pre_left == 1)
{
input_report_key(input, KEY_LEFT, 0);
ts->pre_left = 0;
}
if (ts->cst812_reg_data[0] == 0x40)
{ // right
pr_debug("right right right \n");
input_report_key(input, KEY_RIGHT, 1);
ts->pre_right = 1;
gvalue_keyboard_verify = (gvalue_keyboard_verify | (0x01 << 3));//上报检验right
}
if (ts->cst812_reg_data[0] == 0x00 && ts->pre_right == 1)
{
input_report_key(input, KEY_RIGHT, 0);
ts->pre_right = 0;
}
if (ts->cst812_reg_data[0] == 0x08)
{ // up
pr_debug("up up up \n");
input_report_key(input, KEY_UP, 1);
ts->pre_up = 1;
gvalue_keyboard_verify = (gvalue_keyboard_verify | (0x01 << 0));// 上报检验up
}
if (ts->cst812_reg_data[0] == 0x00 && ts->pre_up == 1)
{
input_report_key(input, KEY_UP, 0);
ts->pre_up = 0;
}
if (ts->cst812_reg_data[0] == 0x10)
{ // down
pr_debug("down down down \n");
input_report_key(input, KEY_DOWN, 1);
ts->pre_down = 1;
gvalue_keyboard_verify = (gvalue_keyboard_verify | (0x01 << 1));// 上报检验down
}
if (ts->cst812_reg_data[0] == 0x00 && ts->pre_down == 1)
{
input_report_key(input, KEY_DOWN, 0);
ts->pre_down = 0;
}
if (ts->cst812_reg_data[0] == 0x20)
{ // open
pr_debug("enter enter enter \n");
input_report_key(input, 353, 1);
ts->pre_ok = 1;
gvalue_keyboard_verify = (gvalue_keyboard_verify | (0x01 << 4)); // 上报检验 open
}
if (ts->cst812_reg_data[0] == 0x00 && ts->pre_ok == 1)
{
input_report_key(input, 353, 0);
ts->pre_ok = 0;
}
input_sync(ts->input_dev);
}
六、总结
在调试触摸板的时候要关注反应时间,过多的打印会影响触摸的反应时间,这篇推文会持续优化