邮件编程——Java

一、提前准备：

1.1准备第三方库依赖javax.mail

	<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.mail/javax.mail-api -->
	<dependency>
    	<groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId>
        <version>1.6.2</version>
    </dependency>

1.2打开自己邮箱的pop3/stmp服务，并且设定相应的授权。

 二、读取邮箱里面的信息：

方法步骤：

1.建立邮件会话、2.建立邮件存储空间、3.连接到邮件服务器、4.打开邮件服务器中的制定文件夹

package tools;

import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.*;
import javax.activation.*;
import java.util.*;

public class MailClientRecv {
  private Session session;
  private Store store;
  private String username = "xxxxx@126.com";//邮箱账号
  private String password = "xxxxx";//邮箱授权密码
  private String popServer = "xxxxxxx";//邮件pop3服务器
  
  public void init()throws Exception
  {
    //设置属性
    Properties  props = new Properties();
    props.put("mail.store.protocol", "pop3");
    props.put("mail.imap.class", "com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPStore");
    props.put("mail.pop3.class", "com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3Store");    

    // 创建Session对象
    session = Session.getInstance(props,null);
    session.setDebug(false); //输出跟踪日志

    // 创建Store对象
    store = session.getStore("pop3");
    
    //连接到收邮件服务器
    store.connect(popServer,username,password);
  }  
  
  public void receiveMessage()throws Exception
  {
	String folderName = "inbox";//获取收件箱邮件
    Folder folder=store.getFolder(folderName);
    if(folder==null)
    {
    	throw new Exception(folderName+"邮件夹不存在");
    }
    //打开信箱
    folder.open(Folder.READ_ONLY);
    System.out.println("您的收件箱有"+folder.getMessageCount()+"封邮件.");
    System.out.println("您的收件箱有"+folder.getUnreadMessageCount()+"封未读的邮件.");

    //读邮件
    Message[] messages=folder.getMessages();
    //for(int i=1;i<=messages.length;i++)
    for(int i=1;i<=3;i++)  
    {
      System.out.println("------第"+i+"封邮件-------");
      //打印邮件信息
      Message message = messages[i];
      //folder.getMessage(i).writeTo(System.out);
      System.out.println((message.getFrom())[0]);//发件人
      System.out.println(message.getSubject());//标题
      System.out.println();
    }
    folder.close(false);  //关闭邮件夹
  }
  
  public void close()throws Exception
  {
	store.close();
  }
  
  public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {
    MailClientRecv client=new MailClientRecv();
    //初始化
    client.init();
    //接收邮件
    client.receiveMessage();
    //关闭连接
    client.close();
  }
}

三、发送邮件

方法步骤

1.建立邮件会话，验证账号并且创建、2。创建发送协议、3.发送邮件

package tools;

import javax.mail.*;
import java.util.*;
import messages.*;


public class MailClientSend {
  private Session session;
  private Transport transport;
  private String username = "xxxxxxxxx";//发件邮箱账号
  private String password = "xxxxx";//发件邮箱密码
  private String smtpServer = "xxxxxxxx";//邮箱的stmp服务器
  
  public void init()throws Exception
  {
	//设置属性
    Properties  props = new Properties();
    props.put("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");
    props.put("mail.smtp.class", "com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport");
    props.put("mail.smtp.host", smtpServer); //设置发送邮件服务器
    props.put("mail.smtp.port", "25");
    props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); //SMTP服务器需要身份验证    

    // 创建Session对象
    session = Session.getInstance(props,new Authenticator(){   //验账账户 
        public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() { 
          return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password); 
        }            
 });
    session.setDebug(true); //输出跟踪日志
    
    // 创建Transport对象
    transport = session.getTransport();           
  }
  
  public void sendMessage()throws Exception{
    //创建一个邮件
    //Message msg = TextMessage.generate();
	//Message msg = HtmlMessage.generate();
	Message msg = AttachmentMessage.generate();
    //发送邮件    
    transport.connect();
    transport.sendMessage(msg, msg.getAllRecipients());
    //打印结果
    System.out.println("邮件已经成功发送");
  } 
  
  public void close()throws Exception
  {
	transport.close();
  }
  
  public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {
	  
    MailClientSend client=new MailClientSend();
    //初始化
    client.init();
    //发送邮件
    client.sendMessage();
    //关闭连接
    client.close();
  }
}

3.1发送文本邮件：

package messages;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

public class TextMessage {
	public static MimeMessage generate() throws Exception {
		String from = "xxxxx "; // 发件人地址
		String to = "xxxxxx"; // 收件人地址
		
		String subject = "test";
		String body = "您好,这是来自一封chenliangyu的测试邮件";

		// 创建Session实例对象
		Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(new Properties());
		// 创建MimeMessage实例对象
		MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
		// 设置发件人
		message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
		// 设置收件人
		message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, InternetAddress.parse(to));
		// 设置发送日期
		message.setSentDate(new Date());
		// 设置邮件主题
		message.setSubject(subject);
		// 设置纯文本内容的邮件正文
		message.setText(body);
		// 保存并生成最终的邮件内容
		message.saveChanges();

		// 把MimeMessage对象中的内容写入到文件中
		//msg.writeTo(new FileOutputStream("e:/test.eml"));
		return message;
	}
}

3.2发送网页邮件：

package messages;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

public class HtmlMessage {
	public static MimeMessage generate() throws Exception 
	{
		String from = "xxxx "; // 发件人地址
		String to = "xxxxxxxx"; // 收件人地址
		
		String subject = "HTML邮件";
		String body = "<a href=http://www.ecnu.edu.cn>" 
		  + "<h4>欢迎大家访问我们的网站</h4></a></br>" 
		  + "<img src=\"https://news.ecnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/images/2e/e2/6b554d034c9192101208c732195e/16a6ec66-6729-4469-a5f4-0435e0f2e66a.jpg\">";

		// 创建Session实例对象
		Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(new Properties());
		// 创建MimeMessage实例对象
		MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
		// 设置发件人
		message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
		// 设置收件人
		message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, InternetAddress.parse(to));
		// 设置发送日期
		message.setSentDate(new Date());
		// 设置邮件主题
		message.setSubject(subject);
		// 设置HTML格式的邮件正文
		message.setContent(body, "text/html;charset=gb2312");
		// 保存并生成最终的邮件内容
		message.saveChanges();

		// 把MimeMessage对象中的内容写入到文件中
		//msg.writeTo(new FileOutputStream("e:/HtmlMessage.eml"));
		return message;
	}
}

3.3发送附件邮件：

package messages;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
public class AttachmentMessage 
{
	public static MimeMessage generate() throws Exception
	{
		String from = "xxxxxx "; // 发件人地址
		String to = "xxxxxxxx"; // 收件人地址
		
        String subject = "多附件邮件";        //邮件主题
        String body = "<a href=http://www.ecnu.edu.cn>" +
        			  "欢迎大家访问我们的网站</a></br>"; 
      
        // 创建Session实例对象
        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(new Properties());
     	// 创建MimeMessage实例对象
     	MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);            
        message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
        message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO,
        		InternetAddress.parse(to));
        message.setSubject(subject);
        
        //创建代表邮件正文和附件的各个MimeBodyPart对象
        MimeBodyPart contentPart = createContent(body);
        MimeBodyPart attachPart1 = createAttachment("c:/temp/ecnu4.jpg");
        MimeBodyPart attachPart2 = createAttachment("c:/temp/ecnu5.jpg");
        
        //创建用于组合邮件正文和附件的MimeMultipart对象
        MimeMultipart allMultipart = new MimeMultipart("mixed");
        allMultipart.addBodyPart(contentPart);
        allMultipart.addBodyPart(attachPart1);
        allMultipart.addBodyPart(attachPart2);
        
        //设置整个邮件内容为最终组合出的MimeMultipart对象
        message.setContent(allMultipart);
        message.saveChanges();
        
        //message.writeTo(new FileOutputStream("e:/ComplexMessage.eml"));
        return message;
	}
	
	public static MimeBodyPart createContent(String body) throws Exception
	{
        MimeBodyPart htmlBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();          
        htmlBodyPart.setContent(body,"text/html;charset=gb2312");
        return htmlBodyPart;
	}
	
	public static MimeBodyPart createAttachment(String filename) throws Exception
	{
		//创建保存附件的MimeBodyPart对象，并加入附件内容和相应信息
		MimeBodyPart attachPart = new MimeBodyPart();
        FileDataSource fds = new FileDataSource(filename);
        attachPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(fds));
        attachPart.setFileName(fds.getName());
		return attachPart;
	}
}

参考中国大学mooc《Java核心技术》