什么是中断?
首先回顾stm32裸机中断编程
中断过程:CPU执行主程序,当中断源产生中断事件,CPU响应中断请求,转向执行中断服务程序(处理中断事件),中断服务执行成功后,转到后来主程序的断点继续执行。
中断源:GPIO口,定时器,ADC,或者软件指令。
中断事件:包括但不仅限于:引脚电平变化,计数溢出,转换完成,SWI。
中断服务程序。处理中断事件,要快进快出。
申请中断线
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
static inline int
__must_check request_irq(unsigned int irq, irq_handler_t handler, unsigned long flags,
const char *name, void *dev)
作用:申请中断线,注册中断服务
参数解释
irq:要申请的硬件中断号
handler:向系统注册的中断处理函数,是一个回调函数,中断发生时,系统调用这个函数,dev_id参数将被传递给它
flags:定义了中断线的行为
#define IRQF_TRIGGER_NONE 0x00000000
#define IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING 0x00000001 // 上升沿
#define IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING 0x00000002 // 下降沿
#define IRQF_TRIGGER_HIGH 0x00000004 // 高电平
#define IRQF_TRIGGER_LOW 0x00000008 // 低电平
name:设置中断名称,通常是设备驱动程序的名称,在cat /proc/interrupts中可以看到此名称。
dev:在中断共享时会用到,一般设置为这个设备的设备结构体或者NULL
返回0表示成功,返回-INVAL表示中断号无效或处理函数指针为NULL,返回-EBUSY表示中断已经被占用且不能共享
示例:
request_irq(IRQ_GPIO_A_START + 28, key2_isr, IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, “key2_gpioa28”, NULL);
释放中断线
/**
* free_irq - free an interrupt allocated with request_irq
* @irq: Interrupt line to free
* @dev_id: Device identity to free
*
* Remove an interrupt handler. The handler is removed and if the
* interrupt line is no longer in use by any driver it is disabled.
* On a shared IRQ the caller must ensure the interrupt is disabled
* on the card it drives before calling this function. The function
* does not return until any executing interrupts for this IRQ
* have completed.
*
* This function must not be called from interrupt context.
*/
void free_irq(unsigned int irq, void *dev_id);
irq : 需要释放的中断
dev_id : 将要释放设备的ID
示例:
free_irq(IRQ_GPIO_A_START + 28, NULL);
中断服务程序类型
//中断服务程序类型
typedef irqreturn_t (*irq_handler_t)(int, void *);
/**
* enum irqreturn
* @IRQ_NONE interrupt was not from this device
* @IRQ_HANDLED interrupt was handled by this device
* @IRQ_WAKE_THREAD handler requests to wake the handler thread
*/
enum irqreturn {
IRQ_NONE = (0 << 0),
IRQ_HANDLED = (1 << 0),
IRQ_WAKE_THREAD = (1 << 1),
};
typedef enum irqreturn irqreturn_t;
示例:
irqreturn_t keys_isr(int irq, void *dev)
{
return IRQ_HANDLED;
}