常见的文件上传都是判断后缀名,并不靠谱,所以可以使用IO流读取文件头的方式判断是否为图片。
常用文件的文件头如下:(以前六位为准) JPEG (jpg),文件头:FFD8FF PNG (png),文件头:89504E47 GIF (gif),文件头:47494638 TIFF (tif),文件头:49492A00 Windows Bitmap (bmp),文件头:424D CAD (dwg),文件头:41433130 Adobe Photoshop (psd),文件头:38425053 Rich Text Format (rtf),文件头:7B5C727466 XML (xml),文件头:3C3F786D6C HTML (html),文件头:68746D6C3E Email [thorough only] (eml),文件头:44656C69766572792D646174653A Outlook Express (dbx),文件头:CFAD12FEC5FD746F Outlook (pst),文件头:2142444E MS Word/Excel (xls.or.doc),文件头:D0CF11E0 MS Access (mdb),文件头:5374616E64617264204A WordPerfect (wpd),文件头:FF575043 Postscript (eps.or.ps),文件头:252150532D41646F6265 Adobe Acrobat (pdf),文件头:255044462D312E Quicken (qdf),文件头:AC9EBD8F Windows Password (pwl),文件头:E3828596 ZIP Archive (zip),文件头:504B0304 RAR Archive (rar),文件头:52617221 Wave (wav),文件头:57415645 AVI (avi),文件头:41564920 Real Audio (ram),文件头:2E7261FD Real Media (rm),文件头:2E524D46 MPEG (mpg),文件头:000001BA MPEG (mpg),文件头:000001B3 Quicktime (mov),文件头:6D6F6F76 Windows Media (asf),文件头:3026B2758E66CF11 MIDI (mid),文件头:4D546864
代码如下
public class UploadPicture {
public ServerResponse upload(MultipartFile picture, HttpServletRequest request, String picturePath) {
//获取跟目录
File path = null;
try {
path = new File(ResourceUtils.getURL("classpath:").getPath());
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (!path.exists()) {
path = new File("");
}
//如果上传目录为/static/images/upload/,则可以如下获取:
File file = new File(path.getAbsolutePath(), picturePath);
System.out.println("我运行了000000");
System.out.println("路径为:" + path);
System.out.println(file.getPath());
String userHeadLocation = null;
if (picture != null && picture.getSize() > 0) {
try {
// 判断,该路径是否存在
if (!file.exists()) {
// 创建该文件夹
file.mkdirs();
}
// 说明上传文件项
// 获取上传文件的名称
String filename = picture.getOriginalFilename();
// 把文件的名称设置唯一值,uuid
String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
filename = uuid + "_" + filename;
userHeadLocation = picturePath + filename;
//将头像的坐标存到数据库,前端能直接调用
System.out.println("图片的具体信息:" + userHeadLocation);
try {
//将文件的路径储存到数据库中
System.out.println(file.getPath() + "/" + filename);
picture.transferTo(new File(file.getPath() + "/" + filename));
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("上传失败===" + e.getMessage());
return ServerResponse.createByErrorMesage("上传失败...");
}
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return ServerResponse.createBySuccess("上传成功...", userHeadLocation);
//
}
public String bytesToHexString(byte[] src) {
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
if (src == null || src.length <= 0) {
return null;
}
for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
int v = src[i] & 0xFF;
String hv = Integer.toHexString(v);
if (hv.length() < 2) {
stringBuilder.append(0);
}
stringBuilder.append(hv);
}
return stringBuilder.toString();
}
public boolean checkType(MultipartFile multipartFile) {
byte[] b = new byte[3];
try {
int maxSize = 1024 * 1024 * 100;
multipartFile.getInputStream().read(b, 0, b.length);
if (multipartFile.getSize()>maxSize){
return false;
}
String photo = bytesToHexString(b);
photo = photo.toUpperCase();
//允许上传的文件最大大小(100M,单位为byte)
switch (photo) {
case "FFD8FF":
return true;
case "89504E":
return true;
case "474946":
return true;
default:
return false;
}
} catch (IOException e) {
return false;
}
}
/**
* 配置上传文件大小的配置
* @return
*/
@Bean
public MultipartConfigElement multipartConfigElement() {
MultipartConfigFactory factory = new MultipartConfigFactory();
// 单个数据大小
factory.setMaxFileSize("102400KB");
/// 总上传数据大小
factory.setMaxRequestSize("102400KB");
return factory.createMultipartConfig();
}
}
失败原因
如果上传失败也有可能是图片过大或者是网络问题,我遇到的问题是因为前端在图片上传完之前就发送了请求,导致图片上传失败。
图片的默认上传大小是1MB,超过时就会报错,可根据使用情况进行配置。