Ubuntu18搭建Kubernetes集群

1.基本环境

版本介绍

ubuntu 18.04

docker 20.10

kube-apiserver 1.21.3

kube-controller-manage 1.21.3

kube-scheduler 1.21.3

kube-proxy 1.21.3

kubernetes 21.10

2.ubuntu环境必备

Docker环境
参考：Ubuntu18配置Docker

关闭防火墙

ufw disable

关闭selinux , ubuntu系统好像不需要

setenforce 0

关闭swap；第一行是临时禁用，第二行是永久禁用

swapoff -a
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab

桥接的IPV4流量传递到iptables 的链

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/k8s.conf
br_netfilter
EOF
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF

让配置生效

sysctl --system

3.开始安装（所有机器必备）

配置k8s资源

curl -s https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
echo "deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
apt-get update

安装nfs

apt-get install nfs-common

安装kubeadm(初始化cluster)，kubelet(启动pod)和kubectl(k8s命令工具)

apt install -y kubelet=1.21.3-00 kubeadm=1.21.3-00 kubectl=1.21.3-00

设置开机启动并启动kubelet

systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet

配置节点的host数据

192.168.52.129 为主节点ip

echo "192.168.52.129  cluster-endpoint" >> /etc/hosts

4.开始安装（主节点机器必备）

创建文件

vim k8s.sh
chmod 777 k8s.sh

写入脚本

#!/bin/bash
images=(
 kube-apiserver:v1.21.3
 kube-controller-manager:v1.21.3
 kube-scheduler:v1.21.3
 kube-proxy:v1.21.3
 pause:3.2
 etcd:3.4.13-0
)
for imageName in ${images[@]} ; do
  docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/${imageName}
  docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/${imageName} k8s.gcr.io/${imageName}
  docker rmi registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/${imageName}
done
docker pull coredns/coredns:1.8.0
docker tag coredns/coredns:1.8.0 registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:v1.8.0
docker rmi coredns/coredns:1.8.0

执行脚本

./k8s.sh

初始化

192.168.52.129为主节点ip

kubeadm init \
--apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.52.129 \
--control-plane-endpoint=cluster-endpoint \
--image-repository=registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
--kubernetes-version v1.21.10 \
--service-cidr=10.96.0.0/16 \
--pod-network-cidr=192.168.0.0/16

记录安装成功的日志

Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!

To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:

  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:

  export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
  https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/

You can now join any number of control-plane nodes by copying certificate authorities
and service account keys on each node and then running the following as root:

  kubeadm join cluster-endpoint:6443 --token euztag.6yjbhn94ehg6nhn7 \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:a6e917b751e424c7a761c2276ae02db95d87ba5a3cc6b374182519ce89aba28b \
    --control-plane 

Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:

kubeadm join cluster-endpoint:6443 --token euztag.6yjbhn94ehg6nhn7 \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:a6e917b751e424c7a761c2276ae02db95d87ba5a3cc6b374182519ce89aba28b 

执行配置

  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

配置插件

curl https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.20/manifests/calico.yaml -O
kubectl apply -f calico.yaml

5.从节点加入

从主节点获取编码

kubeadm join cluster-endpoint:6443 --token euztag.6yjbhn94ehg6nhn7 \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:a6e917b751e424c7a761c2276ae02db95d87ba5a3cc6b374182519ce89aba28b 

重新获取令牌(上面那个只有24有效时间)

kubeadm token create --print-join-command

6.查看结果

kubectl get pods -A

kubectl get nodes

7.重启，测试集群是否自动恢复

查看结果

kubectl get pods -A

kubectl get node

参考

在ubuntu18.04上搭建kubernetes（保姆级教程）_kuboard 支持ubuntu18,04-CSDN博客

Kubernetes · 语雀