set集合的方法

本身可变,可迭代,无序,不可索引,不可切片,元素不可重复,元素是不可变类型

set()括号内为可迭代对象:

s = set('12345')
print(s)

输出:
{‘5’, ‘3’, ‘2’, ‘4’, ‘1’}

add()添加元素到集合:

s = {1,2,3}
s.add('a')
print(s)

输出:
{1, 2, 3, ‘a’}

remove()删除集合中指定的元素,如果没有,会报错:

s = {1, 2, 3,'a'}
s.remove(2)
print(s)

输出:
{1, 3, ‘a’}

discard()删除集合中指定的元素,如果没有,不报错:

s = {1,3,4,5,'a'}
s.discard('b')
print(s)

输出:
{1, 3, 4, 5, ‘a’}

pop()弹出集合中栈顶的某一个元素:

s = {1, 3, 4, 5, 'a'}
s2 = s.pop()
print(s)
print(s2)

输出:
{3, 4, 5, ‘a’}
1

intersection()求两个集合的交集,并赋值给s3,也可以用&:

s1 = {1,3,4,5,'a'}
s2 = {1,3,'b','c'}
s3 = s1.intersection(s2)
print(s3)

或

s1 = {1,3,4,5,'a'}
s2 = {1,3,'b','c'}
s3 = s1&s2
print(s3)

输出:
{1, 3}

union()求两个集合的并集,并赋值给s3,也可用|:

s1 = {1,3,4,5,'a'}
s2 = {1,3,'b','c'}
s3 = s1.union(s2)
print(s3)

或

s1 = {1,3,4,5,'a'}
s2 = {1,3,'b','c'}
s3 = s1|s2
print(s3)

输出:
{1, 3, 4, 5, ‘c’, ‘b’, ‘a’}

defference()用集合s2求集合s1的差集,并赋值给s3,也可以用减号-:

s1 = {1,3,4,5,'a'}
s2 = {1,3,'b','c'}
s3 = s1.difference(s2)
print(s3)

或

s1 = {1,3,4,5,'a'}
s2 = {1,3,'b','c'}
s3 = s1-s2
print(s3)

输出:
{‘a’, 4, 5}

symmetric_difference()求两个集合的交叉补集,并赋值给s3,也可以用^:

s1 = {1,3,4,5,'a'}
s2 = {1,3,'b','c'}
s3 = s1.symmetric_difference(s2)
print(s3)

或

s1 = {1,3,4,5,'a'}
s2 = {1,3,'b','c'}
s3 = s1^s2
print(s3)

输出:
{4, 5, ‘a’, ‘c’, ‘b’}

intersection_update(),求两个集合的交集,并更新给s1,也可以用&=:

s1 = {1,3,4,5,'a'}
s2 = {1,3,'b','c'}
s1.intersection_update(s2)
print(s1)

或

s1 = {1,3,4,5,'a'}
s2 = {1,3,'b','c'}
s1 &= s2
print(s1)

输出:
{1, 3}

difference_update(),求两个集合的差集并更新给s1,也可以用-=:

s1 = {1,3,4,5,'a'}
s2 = {1,3,'b','c'}
s1.difference_update(s2)
print(s1)

或

s1 = {1,3,4,5,'a'}
s2 = {1,3,'b','c'}
s1 -= s2
print(s1)

输出:
{4, 5, ‘a’}

update()求两个集合的并集,并更新给s1,也可以用|=:

s1 = {1,4,5,'a'}
s2 = {4,5,'a','b'}
s1.update(s2)
print(s1)

或

s1 = {1,3,4,5,'a'}
s2 = {1,3,'b','c'}
s1 |= s2
print(s1)

输出:
{1, 3, 4, 5, ‘a’, ‘c’, ‘b’}

symmetric_difference_update(),求两个集合的交叉补集,并更新给s1,也可以用^=:

s1 = {1, 3, 4, 5, 'a'}
s2 = {1, 3, 'b', 'c'}
s1.symmetric_difference_update(s2)
print(s1)

或

s1 = {1,3,4,5,'a'}
s2 = {1,3,'b','c'}
s1 ^= s2
print(s1)

输出:
{‘c’, 4, 5, ‘b’, ‘a’}

isdisjoint()判断两个集合是否不相交,是不相交则返回True:

s1 = {4,5,'a'}
s2 = {'b','c'}
print(s1.isdisjoint(s2))

输出:
True

issubset()判断s1是否是s2的子集,也可以用<=:

s1 = {4,5,'a'}
s2 = {4,5,'a','b'}
print(s1.issubset(s2))

或

s1 = {4,5,'a'}
s2 = {4,5,'a','b'}
print(s1<=s2)

输出:
True

issuperset()判断s1是否是s2的父集,也可以用>=:

s1 = {4,5,'a'}
s2 = {4,5,'a','b'}
print(s1.issuperset(s2))

或

s1 = {4,5,'a'}
s2 = {4,5,'a','b'}
print(s1>=s2)

输出:
False

frozenset(),把可迭代对象设置为冰冻集合s:

s = frozenset(['2',3,4])
print(s)

输出:
frozenset({‘2’, 3, 4})