什么是JavaMail?
JavaMail,顾名思义,提供给开发者处理电子邮件相关的编程接口。它是Sun发布的用来处理email的API。它可以方便地执行一些常用的邮件传输。我们可以基于JavaMail开发出类似于Microsoft Outlook的应用程序。
使用JavaMail
- 本地邮箱服务器:
1.环境搭建:
本地需要安装两个软件和一个mail.jar:
易邮邮箱服务器下载:
foxmailSetup下载
mail.jar下载
易邮邮箱服务器配置:
安装:
配置:
设置邮箱服务器:
更改为自己喜欢的域:
创建三个用户:
service:用于服务;
user01:普通用户;
user02:普通用户;
foxmail配置:
安装:
配置:
user01:
ps:由于是本地所以pop和smtp都配置成localhost
user02:
创建:
结果预览:
2.项目创建:
3.代码编写:
MailUtils.java
package com.yimocha.utils;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.Message.RecipientType;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
/**
* 邮件发送工具类
*
* @author yimocha
*
*/
public class MailUtils {
/**
* 发送邮件的方法
*
* @param to
* :给谁发邮件
* @param outMessgae
* :消息内容
* @throws MessagingException
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void sendMail(String to, String outMessgae) throws Exception {
// 1.创建连接对象,连接到服务器
Properties props = new Properties();
Session session = Session.getInstance(props, new Authenticator() {
@Override
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication("service@yimocha.com", "123");//邮箱和密码
}
});
// 2.创建邮件对象
Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
// 2.1 设置发件人:
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("service@yimocha.com"));
// 2.2 设置收件人:
message.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));
// 2.3 设置邮件的主题:
message.setSubject("来自 service@yimocha.com 邮件");
// 2.4 设置邮件的正文:
message.setContent("<h1>尊敬的用户!您的验证是:<a href=''>"+outMessgae+"</a></h1>", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 3.发送一份邮件
Transport.send(message);
}
}
LocalHostTest.java
package com.yimocha.test;
import com.yimocha.utils.MailUtils;
import com.yimocha.utils.VerifyCodeUtils;
public class LocalHostTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 生成随机字串
String verifyCode = VerifyCodeUtils.generateVerifyCode(4);
// 发送邮件
MailUtils.sendMail("user02@yimocha.com", verifyCode);
}
}
VerifyCodeUtils.java
package com.yimocha.utils;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
public class VerifyCodeUtils {
// 使用到Algerian字体,系统里没有的话需要安装字体,字体只显示大写,去掉了1,0,i,o几个容易混淆的字符
public static final String VERIFY_CODES = "23456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ";
private static Random random = new Random();
/**
* 验证码对象
*
* @author zhou-baicheng
*
*/
public static class Verify {
private String code;// 如 1 + 2
private Integer value;// 如 3
public String getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(String code) {
this.code = code;
}
public Integer getValue() {
return value;
}
public void setValue(Integer value) {
this.value = value;
}
}
/**
* 使用系统默认字符源生成验证码
*
* @param verifySize
* 验证码长度
* @return
*/
public static Verify generateVerify() {
int number1 = new Random().nextInt(10) + 1;
;
int number2 = new Random().nextInt(10) + 1;
;
Verify entity = new Verify();
entity.setCode(number1 + " x " + number2);
entity.setValue(number1 + number2);
return entity;
}
/**
* 使用系统默认字符源生成验证码
*
* @param verifySize
* 验证码长度
* @return
*/
public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize) {
return generateVerifyCode(verifySize, VERIFY_CODES);
}
/**
* 使用指定源生成验证码
*
* @param verifySize
* 验证码长度
* @param sources
* 验证码字符源
* @return
*/
public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize, String sources) {
if (sources == null || sources.length() == 0) {
sources = VERIFY_CODES;
}
int codesLen = sources.length();
Random rand = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());
StringBuilder verifyCode = new StringBuilder(verifySize);
for (int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++) {
verifyCode.append(sources.charAt(rand.nextInt(codesLen - 1)));
}
return verifyCode.toString();
}
/**
* 生成随机验证码文件,并返回验证码值
*
* @param w
* @param h
* @param outputFile
* @param verifySize
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, int verifySize) throws IOException {
String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);
outputImage(w, h, outputFile, verifyCode);
return verifyCode;
}
/**
* 输出随机验证码图片流,并返回验证码值
*
* @param w
* @param h
* @param os
* @param verifySize
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, int verifySize) throws IOException {
String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);
outputImage(w, h, os, verifyCode);
return verifyCode;
}
/**
* 生成指定验证码图像文件
*
* @param w
* @param h
* @param outputFile
* @param code
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void outputImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, String code) throws IOException {
if (outputFile == null) {
return;
}
File dir = outputFile.getParentFile();
if (!dir.exists()) {
dir.mkdirs();
}
try {
outputFile.createNewFile();
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(outputFile);
outputImage(w, h, fos, code);
fos.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw e;
}
}
/**
* 输出指定验证码图片流
*
* @param w
* @param h
* @param os
* @param code
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void outputImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, String code) throws IOException {
int verifySize = code.length();
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Random rand = new Random();
Graphics2D g2 = image.createGraphics();
g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
Color[] colors = new Color[5];
Color[] colorSpaces = new Color[] { Color.WHITE, Color.CYAN, Color.GRAY, Color.LIGHT_GRAY, Color.MAGENTA,
Color.ORANGE, Color.PINK, Color.YELLOW };
float[] fractions = new float[colors.length];
for (int i = 0; i < colors.length; i++) {
colors[i] = colorSpaces[rand.nextInt(colorSpaces.length)];
fractions[i] = rand.nextFloat();
}
Arrays.sort(fractions);
g2.setColor(Color.GRAY);// 设置边框色
g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
Color c = getRandColor(200, 250);
g2.setColor(c);// 设置背景色
g2.fillRect(0, 2, w, h - 4);
// 绘制干扰线
Random random = new Random();
g2.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));// 设置线条的颜色
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
int x = random.nextInt(w - 1);
int y = random.nextInt(h - 1);
int xl = random.nextInt(6) + 1;
int yl = random.nextInt(12) + 1;
g2.drawLine(x, y, x + xl + 40, y + yl + 20);
}
// 添加噪点
float yawpRate = 0.05f;// 噪声率
int area = (int) (yawpRate * w * h);
for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) {
int x = random.nextInt(w);
int y = random.nextInt(h);
int rgb = getRandomIntColor();
image.setRGB(x, y, rgb);
}
shear(g2, w, h, c);// 使图片扭曲
g2.setColor(getRandColor(100, 160));
int fontSize = h - 4;
Font font = new Font("Algerian", Font.ITALIC, fontSize);
g2.setFont(font);
char[] chars = code.toCharArray();
for (int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++) {
AffineTransform affine = new AffineTransform();
affine.setToRotation(Math.PI / 4 * rand.nextDouble() * (rand.nextBoolean() ? 1 : -1),
(w / verifySize) * i + fontSize / 2, h / 2);
g2.setTransform(affine);
g2.drawChars(chars, i, 1, ((w - 10) / verifySize) * i + 5, h / 2 + fontSize / 2 - 10);
}
g2.dispose();
ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", os);
}
private static Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
if (fc > 255)
fc = 255;
if (bc > 255)
bc = 255;
int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
return new Color(r, g, b);
}
private static int getRandomIntColor() {
int[] rgb = getRandomRgb();
int color = 0;
for (int c : rgb) {
color = color << 8;
color = color | c;
}
return color;
}
private static int[] getRandomRgb() {
int[] rgb = new int[3];
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
rgb[i] = random.nextInt(255);
}
return rgb;
}
private static void shear(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
shearX(g, w1, h1, color);
shearY(g, w1, h1, color);
}
private static void shearX(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
int period = random.nextInt(2);
boolean borderGap = true;
int frames = 1;
int phase = random.nextInt(2);
for (int i = 0; i < h1; i++) {
double d = (double) (period >> 1)
* Math.sin((double) i / (double) period + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase) / (double) frames);
g.copyArea(0, i, w1, 1, (int) d, 0);
if (borderGap) {
g.setColor(color);
g.drawLine((int) d, i, 0, i);
g.drawLine((int) d + w1, i, w1, i);
}
}
}
private static void shearY(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
int period = random.nextInt(40) + 10; // 50;
boolean borderGap = true;
int frames = 20;
int phase = 7;
for (int i = 0; i < w1; i++) {
double d = (double) (period >> 1)
* Math.sin((double) i / (double) period + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase) / (double) frames);
g.copyArea(i, 0, 1, h1, 0, (int) d);
if (borderGap) {
g.setColor(color);
g.drawLine(i, (int) d, i, 0);
g.drawLine(i, (int) d + h1, i, h1);
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
File dir = new File("F:/verifies");
int w = 200, h = 80;
for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(4);
File file = new File(dir, verifyCode + ".jpg");
outputImage(w, h, file, verifyCode);
}
}
}
4.运行效果:
- qq邮箱服务器:
1.环境搭建:
上面环境已经搭建好了
现在来开启QQ的smtp
往下拉
3.代码编写:
MailUtils
package com.yimocha.utils;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.Message.RecipientType;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
/**
* 邮件发送工具类
*
* @author yimocha
*
*/
public class MailUtils {
/**
* 发送邮件的方法
*
* @param to
* :给谁发邮件
* @param outMessgae
* :消息内容
* @throws MessagingException
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void sendMail(String to, String outMessgae) throws Exception {
// 1.创建连接对象,连接到服务器
Properties props = new Properties();
props.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.qq.com"); // qq //
props.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp"); //
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); //
props.put("mail.smtp.port", "25");
props.setProperty("mail.debug", "true");
Session session = Session.getInstance(props, new Authenticator() {
@Override
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication("XXX@qq.com", "bkajmaytlrdhdhdc");
}
});
// 2.创建邮件对象
Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
// 2.1 设置发件人:
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("XXX@qq.com"));
// 2.2 设置收件人:
message.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));
// 2.3 设置邮件的主题:
message.setSubject("来自 XXX@qq.com 的邮件");
// 2.4 设置邮件的正文:
message.setContent("<h1>尊敬的用户!您的验证是:<a href=''>" + outMessgae + "</a></h1>", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 3.发送一份邮件
Transport.send(message);
}
}
LocalHostTest.java
4.运行效果:
- 网易邮箱服务器:
1.环境搭建:
首先启用网易邮箱的pops / smtp
按照网易的提示,进行激活,我的已经激活了。
3.代码编写:
MailUtils.java
package com.yimocha.utils;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.Message.RecipientType;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
/**
* 邮件发送工具类
*
* @author yimocha
*
*/
public class MailUtils {
/**
* 发送邮件的方法
*
* @param to
* :给谁发邮件
* @param outMessgae
* :消息内容
* @throws MessagingException
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void sendMail(String to, String outMessgae) throws Exception {
// 1.创建连接对象,连接到服务器
Properties props = new Properties();
props.setProperty("mail.debug", "true");// 开启debug调试
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");// 发送服务器需要身份验证
props.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.163.com");// 设置邮件服务器主机名
props.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");// 发送邮件协议名称
Session session = Session.getInstance(props, new Authenticator() {
@Override
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication("yimatcha@163.com", "你的授权密码");
}
});
// 2.创建邮件对象
Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
// 2.1 设置发件人:
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("yimatcha@163.com"));
// 2.2 设置收件人:
message.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));
// 2.3 设置邮件的主题:
message.setSubject("来自 yimatcha@163.com 的邮件");
// 2.4 设置邮件的正文:
message.setContent("<h1>尊敬的用户!您的验证是:<a href=''>" + outMessgae + "</a></h1>", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 3.发送一份邮件
Transport.send(message);
}
}
4.运行效果:
- 阿里云企业邮箱服务器:
1.环境搭建:
首先您需要有阿里云企业账号:
注册邮箱,购买主机送免费的企业邮箱
mail.host: 表示的是企业邮箱 如 : smtp.zhshx.top --解释-- smtp.企业邮箱
阿里云企业邮箱默认用户是
购买的主机,需要激活;
详情可参考这篇Lovnx的博客
3.代码编写:
MailUtils.java
package com.yimocha.utils;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.Message.RecipientType;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
/**
* 邮件发送工具类
*
* @author yimocha
*
*/
public class MailUtils {
/**
* 发送邮件的方法
*
* @param to
* :给谁发邮件
* @param outMessgae
* :消息内容
* @throws MessagingException
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void sendMail(String to, String outMessgae) throws Exception {
// 1.创建连接对象,连接到服务器
Properties props = new Properties();
props.setProperty("mail.debug", "true");// 开启debug调试
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");// 发送服务器需要身份验证
props.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.zhshx.top");// 设置邮件服务器主机名
props.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");// 发送邮件协议名称
Session session = Session.getInstance(props, new Authenticator() {
@Override
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication("service@zhshx.top", "您的企业邮箱密码");
}
});
// 2.创建邮件对象
Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
// 2.1 设置发件人:
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("service@zhshx.top"));
// 2.2 设置收件人:
message.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));
// 2.3 设置邮件的主题:
message.setSubject("来自 service@zhshx.top 的邮件");
// 2.4 设置邮件的正文:
message.setContent("<h1>尊敬的用户!您的验证是:<a href=''>" + outMessgae + "</a></h1>", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 3.发送一份邮件
Transport.send(message);
}
}