ubuntu常用命令记录

（1）挂载exfat U盘：sudo apt-get install exfat-fuse

（2）ubuntu16.04和18.04更换国内源：https://blog.csdn.net/u012308586/article/details/102953882

sudo  gedit   /etc/apt/sources.list
sudo apt update

Server for china

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS _Bionic Beaver_ - Release amd64 (20200806.1)]/ bionic main restricted

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic universe
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic universe
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates universe
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to 
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in 
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic multiverse
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates multiverse
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security universe
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security multiverse

（3）史上最良心的 Ubuntu desktop 美化优化指导(1)

（4）安装NVIDIA驱动：
参考连接：https://junchu.blog.csdn.net/article/details/107742457

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa && sudo apt-get update
ubuntu-drivers devices
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall
sudo reboot
nvidia-smi

如果报错的话：

# 修复依赖，升级软件包
sudo apt update && sudo apt -f install && sudo apt full-upgrade

（5）df -h 命令查看硬盘分区和使用情况
（6）Ubuntu开机报错“Started User Manager for UID 121“解决办法
进入boot后，安装NVIDIA驱动
（7）更新NVIDIA驱动后键鼠失灵
连校园网需要登录的电脑可以用手机USB共享热点
（8）更新Nvidia驱动后中文输入法依赖丢失：修复依赖和损坏的包sudo apt-get install -f
（9）突然无法上网，网络图标丢失

sudo touch /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/10-globally-managed-devices.conf
sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager

参考链接：VMware ubuntu20突然没法上网，Network 中wired 图标消失！！