CentOS-8.5.2111 Boot版安装流程（配置yum源、配置远程连接、服务自启动）

一、创建虚拟机

记录几个关键选择,其他按需求选择,或者按默认推荐选择

选择系统映像

选择NAT模式网络

配置虚拟网络

二、安装CentOS8.5映像

开机

选择语言，Boot版本对中文的支持不是很好，建议直接选择English(US)的，这里选择中文以进行对照演示

1.安装位置

2.网络配置(VM虚拟网络配置对应)

3.设置国内安装源

4.软件选择

直接选择最小安装，后续有其他需求再逐步添加相应软件

5.设置根密码(密码如果过于简单,需要点击两次完成确认)

三、配置yum源

1.去配置文件夹,备份原repos文件夹

cd /etc
mv yum.repos.d/ yum.repos.d.bak
touch yum.repos.d
cd yum.repos.d

2.下载阿里云CentOS-Base.repo文件

curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo

非阿里云用户修改:
sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

3.清除缓存,建立新缓存

yum -y clean all
yum -y makecache
yum repolist # 查看yum仓库信息

4.安装必要软件进行测试

yum -y install wget
yum -y install vim
yum info vim # 查看软件的版本等信息

5.阿里云CentOS-Base.repo文件内容(如有需要可以根据其内容自行发挥)

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[base]
name=CentOS-8.5.2111 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/8.5.2111/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-8.5.2111 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/8.5.2111/extras/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-8.5.2111 - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/8.5.2111/centosplus/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

[PowerTools]
name=CentOS-8.5.2111 - PowerTools - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/8.5.2111/PowerTools/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official


[AppStream]
name=CentOS-8.5.2111 - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/8.5.2111/AppStream/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

四、网卡配置文件位置

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
重启虚拟机,重启网卡

五、远程连接配置

防火墙配置

firewall-cmd --state # 查看防火墙状态
或
systemctl status firewalld # 查看防火墙详细状态

systemctl stop firewalld # 关闭防火墙(启动start,重启restart)

firewall-cmd --reload # 刷新防火墙

firewall-cmd --query-port=3306/tcp # 查看3306端口是否开放

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent # 开放3306端口,刷新或重启防火墙生效

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=xxxx-xxxx/tcp --permanent # 开放一段端口,刷新或重启防火墙生效

firewall-cmd --zone=public --remove-port=3306/tcp --permanent # 关闭3306端口,刷新或重启防火墙生效

firewall-cmd --zone=public --remove-port=xxxx-xxxx/tcp --permanent # 关闭一段端口,刷新或重启防火墙生效

firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports # 查看开放端口列表

netstat -lnpt # 查看监听的端口

netstat -lnpt |grep 3306 # 查看3306端口被哪一个进程占用

六、服务配置

systemctl enable service # 设置服务自启动
systemctl disable service # 禁止服务自启动

七、权限管理

# 递归修改文件权限
chmod -R 777 dir/