Java开发框架SSH学习(七)- Hibernate的关系映射

目的

学会配置Hibernate的关系映射

实验步骤

1、创建HibernateUtil类用于管理sessionFactory
HibernateUtil.java

public class HibernateUtil {
    public static final SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    static {
        try {
            Configuration configuration = new Configuration()
                    .configure();
            sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            System.err.println("初始化sessionFactory失败." + ex);
            throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);
        }
    }
    public static final ThreadLocal<Session> session
            = new ThreadLocal<Session>();
    public static Session currentSession() throws HibernateException {
        Session s = session.get();
        if (s == null) {
            s = sessionFactory.openSession();
            session.set(s);
        }
        return s;
    }

    public static void closeSession() throws HibernateException {
        Session s = session.get();
        if (s != null) {
            s.close();
        }
        session.set(null);
    }
}

2、创建Student类和Course类
Student.java

public class Student {
    private Integer id;
    private String studentNo;
    private String name;
    //private Course course;
    private Set<Course> courses = new HashSet<>();

    public Set<Course> getCourses() {
        return courses;
    }

    public void setCourses(Set<Course> courses) {
        this.courses = courses;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getStudentNo() {
        return studentNo;
    }

    public void setStudentNo(String studentNo) {
        this.studentNo = studentNo;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

//    public Course getCourse() {
//        return course;
//    }
//
//    public void setCourse(Course course) {
//        this.course = course;
//    }
}

Course.java

public class Course {
    private Integer courseNo;
    private String courseName;
    private Set<Student> students = new HashSet<>();
//    private Student student;
//
//    public Student getStudent() {
//        return student;
//    }
//
//    public void setStudent(Student student) {
//        this.student = student;
//    }

    public Set<Student> getStudents() {
        return students;
    }

    public void setStudents(Set<Student> students) {
        this.students = students;
    }

    public Integer getCourseNo() {
        return courseNo;
    }

    public void setCourseNo(Integer courseNo) {
        this.courseNo = courseNo;
    }

    public String getCourseName() {
        return courseName;
    }

    public void setCourseName(String courseName) {
        this.courseName = courseName;
    }
}

3、对两个类进行配置
Student.hbm.xml
Course.hbm.xml
多对一
多对一
一对多
一对多
多对多
多对多
4、配置hibernate.cfg.xml
hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <!-- Database connection settings -->
        <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf8</property>
        <property name="connection.username">root</property>
        <property name="connection.password">ls123456</property>
        <property name="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache">false</property>
        <!--
        <property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_size">20</property>
        <property name="hibernate.c3p0.min_size">1</property>
        <property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_statements">0</property>
        -->
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
        <property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
        <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>

        <mapping resource="com/bnuz/domain/Student.hbm.xml"/>
        <mapping resource="com/bnuz/domain/Course.hbm.xml"/>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

5、创建mapping进行测试
mapping.java

public class Mapping {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Mapping mapping = new Mapping();
        //mapping.OneWayManyToOne();
        //mapping.TwoWayOneToMany();
        mapping.TwoWayManyToMany();
    }

//    public void OneWayManyToOne(){
//        Session session = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
//        Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
//        Student student = new Student();
//        Course course = new Course();
//        course.setCourseName("软件测试");
//
//        student.setName("Ross");
//        student.setStudentNo("17********");
//        student.setCourse(course);
//
//        session.persist(student);
//        tx.commit();
//        HibernateUtil.closeSession();
//    }

//    public void TwoWayOneToMany(){
//        Session session = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
//        Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
//
//        Student student = new Student();
//        student.setName("apprentice");
//        student.setStudentNo("18********");
//        session.save(student);
//
//        Course oracle = new Course();
//        oracle.setCourseName("大型数据库");
//        oracle.setStudent(student);
//        session.persist(oracle);
//        Course j2ee = new Course();
//        j2ee.setCourseName("Java企业级应用");
//        j2ee.setStudent(student);
//        session.persist(j2ee);
//
//        tx.commit();
//        HibernateUtil.closeSession();
//    }

    public void TwoWayManyToMany(){
        Session session = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
        Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setName("Druid");
        student.setStudentNo("19********");
        session.save(student);

        Course cProgram = new Course();
        cProgram.setCourseName("C语言");
        cProgram.getStudents().add(student);
        session.persist(cProgram);

        Course database = new Course();
        database.setCourseName("数据库");
        database.getStudents().add(student);
        session.persist(database);

        Student student1 = new Student();
        student1.setName("Ross");
        student1.setStudentNo("17********");
        student1.getCourses().add(database);
        session.save(student1);

        tx.commit();
        HibernateUtil.closeSession();
    }
}

结果展示+小贴士

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

  1. 谁是1对N中的1就使用set
  2. 多对多关系可以利用中间表转为多对一+一对多处理
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