本文介绍了一次四则运算的结对编程经历，详细阐述了功能设计、实现过程、部分代码展示和界面截图。通过结对编程，作者体验到互相监督和合作解决问题的好处，尽管遇到了技术挑战，但两人共同进步，克服了困难。文章还提及了个人对PSP（个人软件过程）的思考和项目的最终总结。
四则运算结对编程
Coding.net仓库地址： https://git.dev.tencent.com/yangmt735/calculate.git
一、功能设计
- 选择出题或做题。
- 定制出题要求
- 出题后做题
- 全部完成后判断对错，并给出分数和时间
二、实现
Command类：对命令行参数进行分析调用
isInteger(String s)：判断字符串是否为数字
createFile类：生成对应的文本文件
fileCreate(int n,int lower,int upper,int o,int c,int b)：根据参数生成符合要求的文件
formula类：根据需求生成对应的算式
Bracket_AS(int lower,int upper,int o)：产生有括号的加减算式，调用decide1(),decide(),work();
Bracket(int lower,int upper,int o)：产生有括号的四则运算式，调用numberB(),work(),operator();
AddSubtract(int lower,int upper,int o)：产生简单加减算式，调用decide1(),decide();
Arithmetic(int lower,int upper,int o)：产生四则运算式，调用numberA(),operator(),work();
calculate类：对算式进行相应的计算
numberA(int key,int num,int result,int lower,int upper)：产生无括号情况下的数
numberB(int key,int num,int result,int lower,int upper)：产生有括号情况下的数
decide0(int x,int min,int max)：产生加数
decide1(int x,int min,int max)：产生减数
decide2(int x,int min,int max)：产生除数
decide3(int x,int min,int max)：产生乘数
operator(int num,int middle2,int middle3)：限制乘除法出现条件
stack类：用于算式计算
work(String s,int lower,int upper,int op)：由中缀表达式转为后缀表达式
doCal(int a,int b,String stmp)：判断弹出的符号并计算
三、部分代码展示
具体实现是根据之前的代码修改而来，这里展示界面部分代码
1、出题做题选择界面
public class RadioButtonDemo extends JFrame {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
Font f = new Font("楷体", Font.BOLD, 19);
private JRadioButton question, homework;
// 选择模式
public RadioButtonDemo() {
ImageIcon flag = new ImageIcon("img/3.jpg");
setIconImage(flag.getImage());
ImageIcon background = new ImageIcon("img/4.jpg");
JLabel label = new JLabel(background);
label.setBounds(0, 0, background.getIconWidth(), background.getIconHeight());
/*
* 主界面获得容器JPanel
*/
getLayeredPane().add(label, new Integer(Integer.MIN_VALUE));
JPanel jp = (JPanel) getContentPane();
/*
* JPanel对象才可以调用setOpaque(false);设置是否透明
*/
jp.setOpaque(false);
JPanel jpanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
jpanel.setOpaque(false);
JPanel jpRadioButtons = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER, 30, 25));
jpRadioButtons.setOpaque(false);
jpRadioButtons.add(question = new JRadioButton("出题"));
jpRadioButtons.add(homework = new JRadioButton("做题"));
question.setFont(f);
homework.setFont(f);
question.setOpaque(false);
homework.setOpaque(false);
JPanel p = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER, 10, 10));
JButton submit = new JButton("确认");
p.add(submit);
p.setOpaque(false);
jpanel.add(jpRadioButtons, BorderLayout.CENTER);
jpanel.add(p, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
group.add(question);
group.add(homework);
add(jpanel);
submit.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (homework.isSelected())// 选择出题
{
dispose();
homework frame = new homework("名字");
frame.setTitle("登录");
frame.setSize(400, 160);
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setResizable(false);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setVisible(true);
} else if (question.isSelected())// 选择做题
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
dispose();
Design frame1 = new Design();
frame1.setTitle("练习题生成器");
frame1.setSize(720, 230);
frame1.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame1.setResizable(false);
frame1.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame1.setVisible(true);
} else {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(JOptionPane.getRootFrame(), "请选择一项再点击确认！", "提示",
JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
return;
}
}
});
}
}
2、选择出题界面
public class Design extends JFrame {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
Font f = new Font("楷体", Font.BOLD, 19);
JTextField n = new JTextField(4);
JTextField lower = new JTextField(4);
JTextField upper = new JTextField(4);
JComboBox<String> o;
JCheckBox c = new JCheckBox("乘除法");
JCheckBox b = new JCheckBox("括号");
JButton submit = new JButton("确认");
JButton cancel = new JButton("取消");
// 出题参数页面
public Design() {
ImageIcon flag = new ImageIcon("img/3.jpg");
setIconImage(flag.getImage());
ImageIcon background = new ImageIcon("img/2.jpg");
JLabel label = new JLabel(background);
label.setBounds(0, 0, background.getIconWidth(), background.getIconHeight());
/*
* 主界面获得容器JPanel
*/
getLayeredPane().add(label, new Integer(Integer.MIN_VALUE));
JPanel jp = (JPanel) getContentPane();
/*
* JPanel对象才可以调用setOpaque(false);设置是否透明
*/
jp.setOpaque(false);
JPanel jpanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
jpanel.setOpaque(false);
JPanel p1 = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER, 10, 20));
JLabel M_n = new JLabel("题数（必填）");
M_n.setFont(f);
p1.add(M_n);
p1.add(n);
JLabel M_lower = new JLabel("数值下限（必填）");
p1.add(M_lower);
M_lower.setFont(f);
p1.add(lower);
JLabel M_upper = new JLabel("数值上限（必填）");
p1.add(M_upper);
M_upper.setFont(f);
p1.add(upper);
p1.setOpaque(false);
JPanel p2 = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER, 18, 20));
JLabel M_o = new JLabel("运算符数量");
p2.add(M_o);
M_o.setFont(f);
String[] sum = new String[10];
for (int i = 1; i < 11; i++) {
sum[i - 1] = " " + i;
}
o = new JComboBox<String>(sum);
o.setFont(new Font("楷体", Font.BOLD, 16));
o.setMaximumRowCount(4);
p2.add(o);
c.setFont(f);
c.setOpaque(false);
p2.add(c);
b.setFont(f);
b.setOpaque(false);
p2.add(b);
p2.setOpaque(false);
JPanel p3 = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER, 10, 20));
p3.add(submit);
p3.add(cancel);
p3.setOpaque(false);
jpanel.add(p1, BorderLayout.NORTH);
jpanel.add(p2, BorderLayout.CENTER);
jpanel.add(p3, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
add(jpanel);
M_n.addMouseListener(new nListener());
M_lower.addMouseListener(new lowerListener());
M_upper.addMouseListener(new upperListener());
c.addMouseListener(new cListener());
b.addMouseListener(new bListener());
submit.addActionListener(new submitListener());
cancel.addActionListener(new cancelListener());
}
public class nListener implements MouseListener {
@Override
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {
setTitle("题数范围为1-10000");
}
@Override
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {
}
}
public class lowerListener implements MouseListener {
@Override
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {
setTitle("下限范围为1-100");
}
@Override
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {
}
}
public class upperListener implements MouseListener {
@Override
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {
setTitle("上限范围为50-1000");
}
@Override
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {
}
}
public class cListener implements MouseListener {
@Override
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {
setTitle("勾选时，上界数值需大于下界的平方");
}
@Override
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {
}
}
public class bListener implements MouseListener {
@Override
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {
setTitle("勾选时，操作符数量需要大于1");
}
@Override
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {
}
}
public class submitListener implements ActionListener {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
String m = "题数与数值上下限为必填项，请按标题提示输入正整数！";
String m2 = "创建文件成功！";
int n0, lower0, upper0, o0, c0, b0;
o0 = 1;
c0 = 0;
b0 = 0;
try {
n0 = Integer.parseInt(n.getText());
lower0 = Integer.parseInt(lower.getText());
upper0 = Integer.parseInt(upper.getText());
if (n0 < 1 || n0 > 10000) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(JOptionPane.getRootFrame(), "题数范围为1-10000", "提示",
JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
return;
}
if (lower0 < 1 || lower0 > 100) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(JOptionPane.getRootFrame(), "下界范围为1-100", "提示",
JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
return;
}
if (upper0 < 50 || upper0 > 1000) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(JOptionPane.getRootFrame(), "上界范围为50-1000", "提示",
JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
return;
}
if (upper0 < (2 * lower0)) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(JOptionPane.getRootFrame(), "上界必须大于两倍下界", "提示",
JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
return;
}
} catch (NumberFormatException e2) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(JOptionPane.getRootFrame(), m, "提示", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
return;
}
o0 = o.getSelectedIndex() + 1;
if (c.isSelected()) {
c0 = 1;
}
if (b.isSelected()) {
b0 = 1;
}
if (o0 == 1 && b0 == 1) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(JOptionPane.getRootFrame(), "括号需要操作符数量大于1", "提示",
JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
return;
}
if (c0 == 1 && upper0 < (lower0 * lower0)) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(JOptionPane.getRootFrame(), "乘除法需要上界数值大于下界的平方", "提示",
JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
return;
}
createFile.fileCreate(n0, lower0, upper0, o0, c0, b0);
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(JOptionPane.getRootFrame(), m2, "提示", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
System.exit(0);
}
}
public class cancelListener implements ActionListener {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
String m1 = "您已经取消创建文件，将退出程序。";
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(JOptionPane.getRootFrame(), m1, "提示", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
System.exit(0);
}
}
}
3、做题界面
public class homework extends JFrame {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public static List<Integer> answer0 = new ArrayList<Integer>();
JTextField answer = new JTextField(4);
JTextField name0 = new JTextField(4);
public static String name = "匿名";
JButton submit = new JButton("确认");
static int count = 0;
public static List<String> wrong = new ArrayList<String>();
static int wrongNum = 0;
static long endTime;
Font f = new Font("楷体", Font.BOLD, 19);
// 答題
public homework() throws InterruptedException {
ImageIcon background = new ImageIcon("img/1.jpg");
JLabel label = new JLabel(background);
ImageIcon flag = new ImageIcon("img/3.jpg");
setIconImage(flag.getImage());
label.setBounds(0, 0, background.getIconWidth(), background.getIconHeight());
/*
* 主界面获得容器JPanel
*/
getLayeredPane().add(label, new Integer(Integer.MIN_VALUE));
JPanel jp = (JPanel) getContentPane();
/*
* JPanel对象才可以调用setOpaque(false);设置是否透明
*/
jp.setOpaque(false);
JPanel jpanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
jpanel.setOpaque(false);
JPanel p1 = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER, 20, 20));
JLabel message = new JLabel();
message.setSize(360, 160);
message.setFont(new Font("楷体", Font.BOLD, 20));
dataDeal.JlabelSetText(message, getmessage() + "=");
p1.add(message);
p1.add(answer);
p1.setOpaque(false);
JPanel p2 = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER, 10, 10));
p2.add(submit);
p2.setOpaque(false);
jpanel.add(p1, BorderLayout.CENTER);
jpanel.add(p2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
add(jpanel);
submit.addActionListener(new submitListener1());
}
// 用戶名
public homework(String name1) {
ImageIcon background = new ImageIcon("img/4.jpg");
JLabel label = new JLabel(background);
ImageIcon flag = new ImageIcon("img/3.jpg");
setIconImage(flag.getImage());
label.setBounds(0, 0, background.getIconWidth(), background.getIconHeight());
/*
* 主界面获得容器JPanel
*/
getLayeredPane().add(label, new Integer(Integer.MIN_VALUE));
JPanel jp = (JPanel) getContentPane();
/*
* JPanel对象才可以调用setOpaque(false);设置是否透明
*/
jp.setOpaque(false);
JPanel jpanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
jpanel.setOpaque(false);
JPanel p1 = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER, 10, 20));
JLabel user = new JLabel("用户名：");
user.setFont(f);
user.addMouseListener(new MouseListener() {
@Override
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
setTitle("请使用英文字符或数字");
}
@Override
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
});
p1.add(user);
p1.add(name0);
p1.setOpaque(false);
JPanel p2 = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER, 10, 10));
p2.add(submit);
p2.setOpaque(false);
jpanel.add(p1, BorderLayout.CENTER);
jpanel.add(p2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
add(jpanel);
submit.addActionListener(new submitListener2());
}
// 結果
public homework(int size) throws IOException {
ImageIcon flag = new ImageIcon("img/3.jpg");
setIconImage(flag.getImage());
long spentTime = (endTime - fileread.startTime) / 1000;
int size0 = wrong.size() / 2;
int size1 = size - size0;
int goal = size1 * 100 / size;
String text = "<p style='font-family:楷体; font-size:19'>" + name + " 本次用时<span style='color:red'><strong> "
+ dataDeal.getTimeStrBySecond(spentTime) + " </strong></span>，得分<span style='color:red'><strong> "
+ goal + " </strong></span>分。<br>";
if (size0 == 0) {
text += "你总共答了<span style='color:red'><strong> " + size
+ " </strong></span>道题，并全部答对！<span style='color:red'><strong>恭喜！</strong></span></p>";
} else {
text += "你总共答了<span style='color:red'><strong> " + size
+ " </strong></span>道题，答对<span style='color:red'><strong> " + size1
+ " </strong></span>道，答错<span style='color:red'><strong> " + size0
+ " </strong></span>道，分别为：</p><p><table border=0>";
for (int i = 0; i < (size0 * 2); i++) {
text += "<tr><td style='font-family:楷体; font-size:19'><strong>" + wrong.get(i++)
+ " </strong></td><td width='180' style='font-family:楷体; font-size:19;color:red'><strong> "
+ wrong.get(i) + "</strong></td></tr>";
}
}
text += "</table></p>";
text += "<p style='font-family:楷体; font-size:19'>" + createFile.record(name, goal) + "</p>";
JTextPane textarea = new JTextPane();
textarea.setContentType("text/html");
textarea.setText(text);
textarea.setEditable(false);
JScrollPane textAreascrollPane = new JScrollPane(textarea);
add(textAreascrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
}
private String getmessage() {
String message = fileread.s.get(count);
return message;
}
class submitListener1 implements ActionListener {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
String lineTxt = getmessage();
int temp = 0;
try {
temp = Integer.parseInt(answer.getText());
} catch (NumberFormatException e2) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(JOptionPane.getRootFrame(), "请输入一个整数", "提示",
JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
return;
}
answer0.add(temp);
int result = fileread.result.get(count);
int answer = homework.answer0.get(count++);
if (result != answer) {
wrong.add(lineTxt + " = " + answer);
wrong.add("正确答案：" + result);
wrongNum++;
}
int size = fileread.s.size();
if (count < size) {
homework frame = null;
try {
frame = new homework();
} catch (InterruptedException e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
}
frame.setTitle("做题");
frame.setSize(480, 180);
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setResizable(false);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setVisible(true);
} else {
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
homework frame2 = null;
try {
frame2 = new homework(size);
} catch (IOException e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
}
frame2.setTitle("结果");
frame2.setSize(600, 400);
frame2.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame2.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame2.setVisible(true);
}
dispose();
}
}
class submitListener2 implements ActionListener {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (!name0.getText().equals("")) {
name = name0.getText();
}
// System.out.println(name);
dispose();
String temppath = fileread.pathh();
String filePath = temppath;
fileread.readTxtFile(filePath);
}
}
}
四、界面展示
1、出题做题选择界面
2、选择出题界面
选中特定框时有提示输入要求
3、出题成果
4、做题用户名界面
5、选择题目文件界面，限制txt文件
6、题目上传成功并开始计时页面
7、做题界面
8、用户第一次做题界面
9、用户再次做题界面
五、结对的好处
我是和室友结对编程，一个人可能会比较懒，打着打着就不想打了，或者遇到不会解决的问题，而两个人能互相监督，互相讨论，一起解决问题。因为是室友所以时间安排都大致相同，两个人交流也基本不会产生分歧，但两个人的能力都不是很好，所以有的问题都不会解决，但两个人的话不会那么烦躁，不会首先想要放弃，而是一起努力去解决。
六、PSP
| PSP2.1 | 任务内容 | 计划共完成需要的时间(h) | 实际完成需要的时间(h) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Planning | 计划 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| · Estimate | · 估计这个任务需要多少时间，并规划大致工作步骤 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Development | 开发 | 30 | 41 |
| · Analysis | · 需求分析(包括学习新技术) | 5 | 6 |
| ·Design Spec | · 生成设计文档 | 0 | 0 |
| · Design Review | · 设计复审 (和同事审核设计文档) | 0 | 0 |
| · Coding Standard | · 代码规范 (为目前的开发制定合适的规范) | 1 | 1 |
| · Design | · 具体设计 | 1 | 1.5 |
| · Coding | · 具体编码 | 10 | 20 |
| · Code Review | · 代码复审 | 2 | 2.5 |
| · Test | · 测试（自我测试，修改代码，提交修改） | 11 | 10 |
| Reporting | 报告 | 2 | 3 |
| · Test Report | · 测试报告 | 0 | 0 |
| · Size Measurement | · 计算工作量 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| · Postmortem & Process Improvement Plan | · 事后总结, 并提出过程改进计划 | 1.5 | 2.5 |
七、总结
这次我开始的时候是想做网页版的，但做好基本页面之后发现JSP不太会，跟后端的连接总出问题，于是后来改为做GUI版的了。虽然java的GUI我也不太熟，但之前上课的时候讲过，重新查资料学习会比较快。这次基本上也是边学边打，GUI的函数很多，写界面的时候基本都是查资料才写出来的，所以在编程上花费了很多时间。但因为是两个人一起打，相互鼓励，就没有上一次那么烦躁。之前学习GUI的时候，我一直以为自己用不到，所以没有认真去学，导致这次学习了很久，我才觉得不能忽视那些知识，你不知道什么时候就能用上，多学习总是没错的。
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