Java 设计模式（装饰者模式）

装饰者模式

在不修改任何底层代码的情况下，给你的（或别人的）对象赋予新的职责。
设计原则：

1. 类应该对扩展开放，对修改关闭。

实体类

/**
 * 饮料
 *
 * @author NNroc
 * @date 2020/8/4 11:36
 */
public abstract class Beverage {
    protected String description = "Unknown Beverage";

    public String getDescription() {
        return description;
    }

    public abstract double cost();
}

/**
 * 调料
 * CondimentDecorator 取代 Beverage
 *
 * @author NNroc
 * @date 2020/8/4 11:48
 */
public abstract class CondimentDecorator extends Beverage {
    public abstract String getDescription();
}

实现类（咖啡种类 Beverage）

/**
 * 深焙
 *
 * @author NNroc
 * @date 2020/8/4 12:00
 */
public class DarkRoast extends Beverage {
    public DarkRoast() {
        description = "Dark Roast Coffee";
    }

    public double cost() {
        return .99;
    }
}

/**
 * 低咖啡因
 *
 * @author NNroc
 * @date 2020/8/4 12:02
 */
public class Decat extends Beverage {
    public Decat() {
        description = "Decat Coffee";
    }

    public double cost() {
        return 1.05;
    }
}

/**
 * 浓缩咖啡
 *
 * @author NNroc
 * @date 2020/8/4 11:51
 */
public class Espresso extends Beverage {
    public Espresso() {
        description = "Espresso";
    }

    public double cost() {
        return 1.99;
    }
}

/**
 * 综合
 *
 * @author NNroc
 * @date 2020/8/4 11:53
 */
public class HouseBlend extends Beverage {
    public HouseBlend() {
        description = "House Blend Coffee";
    }

    public double cost() {
        return .89;
    }
}

实现类（配料 CondimentDecorator）

/**
 * 摩卡
 *
 * @author NNroc
 * @date 2020/8/4 11:55
 */
public class Mocha extends CondimentDecorator {
    Beverage beverage;

    public Mocha(Beverage beverage) {
        this.beverage = beverage;
    }

    public String getDescription() {
        return beverage.getDescription() + ", Mocha";
    }

    public double cost() {
        return .20 + beverage.cost();
    }
}

/**
 * 豆浆
 *
 * @author NNroc
 * @date 2020/8/4 12:03
 */
public class Soy extends CondimentDecorator {
    Beverage beverage;

    public Soy(Beverage beverage) {
        this.beverage = beverage;
    }

    public String getDescription() {
        return beverage.getDescription() + ", Soy";
    }

    public double cost() {
        return .15 + beverage.cost();
    }
}

/**
 * 奶油
 *
 * @author NNroc
 * @date 2020/8/4 12:04
 */
public class Whip extends CondimentDecorator {
    Beverage beverage;

    public Whip(Beverage beverage) {
        this.beverage = beverage;
    }

    public String getDescription() {
        return beverage.getDescription() + ", Whip";
    }

    public double cost() {
        return .10 + beverage.cost();
    }
}

测试

/**
 * @author NNroc
 * @date 2020/8/4 11:58
 */
public class StarbuzzCoffee {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 不加配料的 Espresso
        Beverage beverage = new Espresso();
        System.out.println(beverage.getDescription() + " $" + beverage.cost());

        // 加3个配料的 DarkRoast
        Beverage beverage2 = new DarkRoast();
        beverage2 = new Mocha(beverage2);
        beverage2 = new Mocha(beverage2);
        beverage2 = new Whip(beverage2);
        System.out.println(beverage2.getDescription() + " $" + beverage2.cost());

        // 加3个不同配料的 HouseBlend
        Beverage beverage3 = new HouseBlend();
        beverage3 = new Soy(beverage3);
        beverage3 = new Mocha(beverage3);
        beverage3 = new Whip(beverage3);
        System.out.println(beverage3.getDescription() + " $" + beverage3.cost());
    }
}