springboot-poi学习-创建excel表

1.导入依赖

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
            <version>3.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--xlsx(07)-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
            <version>3.9</version>
</dependency>

2.poi的应用类

HSSFWorkBook             execl的文档对象
HSSFSheet                excel的表单
HSSFRow                  excel的行
HSSFCell                 excel的单元格
HSSFFont                 excel的字体
HSSFCellStyle            excel的单元格样式
HSSFName                 名称
HSSFDataFormat           日期格式
HSSFHeader               sheet头
HSSFFotter               sheet尾
HSSFDateUtil             日期
HSSFPrintSetup           打印
HSSFErrorConstants       错误信息表

3.使用方式

//创建HSSFWorkbook对象(excel的文档对象)
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
//建立新的sheet对象（excel的表单）title="test"
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(title);
// 产生表格标题行(0表示创建的行是第一行，参数为行索引)
HSSFRow rowm = sheet.createRow(0);
//创建单元格（excel的单元格，参数为列索引）
HSSFCell cellTitle = rowm.createCell(0);

使用顺序：
HSSFWork–>HSSFSheet–>HSSFRow–>HSSFCell
都是由前一个来创建当前的

//单元格合并 
//CellRangeAddress(int firstRow, int lastRow, int firstCol, int lastCol)
sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 1, 0, (rowName.length - 1))); 

//创建表的列 头
// 定义所需列数
int columnNum = rowName.length;
HSSFRow rowRowName = sheet.createRow(2); //参数2代表列头在第二行
  //将列头设置到sheet的单元格中
for (int i = 0;  i< columnNum; i++) {
     HSSFCell cellRowName = rowRowName.createCell(i);
     cellRowName.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
     HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(rowName[i]);
     System.out.println("text = "+ text);
     cellRowName.setCellValue(text);
     cellRowName.setCellStyle(columnTopStyle);
}

插入表内容

 for (int i = 0; i < dataList.size(); i++) {
     //Enlist 代表创建的实体类
      Enlist enlist = dataList.get(i);// 遍历每个对象
      //i+3是考虑到表头和列头的存在
      HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(i + 3);// 创建所需的行数
      row.createCell(0,HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC).setCellValue(enlist.getId());
      row.createCell(1,HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING).setCellValue(enlist.getUsername());
      row.createCell(2,HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING).setCellValue(enlist.getPhone());
      row.createCell(3,HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC).setCellValue(enlist.getAge());
      row.createCell(4,HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING).setCellValue(enlist.getSex());
}

表的导出：

String filename = "E:\\Excel-.xls";
FileOutputStream output = new FileOutputStream(filename);
HSSFWorkBook book = new new HSSFWorkbook();
book.write(output);
output.flush();
output.close();

结果展示

源码：

        String filename = "E:\\code\\Excel-.xls";
        String title = "test";
        FileOutputStream output = null;
        //数据库获取数据
        List<Enlist> list = service.selectAll();
        String rowName[] = {"id","姓名","电话","年龄","性别"};
        try {
            output=new FileOutputStream(filename);
            ExportExcel excel = new ExportExcel(title,rowName,list);
            excel.export(output);
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        output.flush();
        output.close();

实体类

@Data
@Accessors(chain = true)
@TableName("enlist")
public class Enlist {
    @TableId
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private String phone;
    private Integer age;
    private String sex;

    public Enlist(String username, String phone, Integer age,String sex) {
        this.username = username;
        this.phone = phone;
        this.age = age;
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public Enlist() {
    }

实现类：

public class ExportExcel {

    // 显示的导出表的标题
    private String title;
    // 导出表的列名
    private String[] rowName;
    private List<Enlist> dataList;

    // 构造函数，传入要导出的数据
    public ExportExcel(String title, String[] rowName, List<Enlist> dataList) {
        this.dataList = dataList;
        this.rowName = rowName;
        this.title = title;
    }
    // 导出数据
    public void export(FileOutputStream out) throws Exception {
        try {
            //创建一个表
            //创建HSSFWorkbook对象(excel的文档对象)
            HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
            //建立新的sheet对象（excel的表单）
            HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(title);
            //在sheet里创建第一行，参数为行索引(excel的行)，可以是0～65535之间的任何一个
            // 产生表格标题行
            HSSFRow rowm = sheet.createRow(0);
            //创建单元格（excel的单元格，参数为列索引，可以是0～255之间的任何一个
            HSSFCell cellTitle = rowm.createCell(0);

            //sheet样式定义【】
            HSSFCellStyle columnTopStyle = this.getColumnTopStyle(workbook);
            HSSFCellStyle style = this.getStyle(workbook);
            //单元格合并                CellRangeAddress(int firstRow, int lastRow, int firstCol, int lastCol)
            sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 1, 0, (rowName.length - 1)));
            cellTitle.setCellStyle(columnTopStyle);
            cellTitle.setCellValue(title);

            // 定义所需列数
            int columnNum = rowName.length;
            HSSFRow rowRowName = sheet.createRow(2);

            //创建列头
            //将列头设置到sheet的单元格中
            for (int i = 0;  i< columnNum; i++) {
                HSSFCell cellRowName = rowRowName.createCell(i);
                cellRowName.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
                HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(rowName[i]);
                System.out.println("text = "+ text);
                cellRowName.setCellValue(text);
                cellRowName.setCellStyle(columnTopStyle);
            }
            // 将查询到的数据设置到sheet对应的单元格中
            for (int i = 0; i < dataList.size(); i++) {
                Enlist enlist = dataList.get(i);// 遍历每个对象
                HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(i + 3);// 创建所需的行数
                System.out.println("enlist = "+enlist);
//                HSSFCell cell = null;
                row.createCell(0,HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC).setCellValue(enlist.getId());
                row.createCell(1,HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING).setCellValue(enlist.getUsername());
                row.createCell(2,HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING).setCellValue(enlist.getPhone());
                row.createCell(3,HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC).setCellValue(enlist.getAge());
                row.createCell(4,HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING).setCellValue(enlist.getSex());
            }
            // 让列宽随着导出的列长自动适应
            for (int colNum = 0; colNum < columnNum; colNum++) {
                int columnWidth = sheet.getColumnWidth(colNum) / 256;
                for (int rowNum = 0; rowNum < sheet.getLastRowNum(); rowNum++) {
                    HSSFRow currentRow;
                    if (sheet.getRow(rowNum) == null) {
                        currentRow = sheet.createRow(rowNum);
                    } else {
                        currentRow = sheet.getRow(rowNum);
                    }
                    if (currentRow.getCell(colNum) != null) {
                        HSSFCell currentCell = currentRow.getCell(colNum);
                        if (currentCell.getCellType() == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING) {
                            int length = currentCell.getStringCellValue().getBytes().length;
                            if (columnWidth < length) {
                                columnWidth = length;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                if (colNum == 0) {
                    sheet.setColumnWidth(colNum, (columnWidth - 2) * 256);
                } else {
                    sheet.setColumnWidth(colNum, (columnWidth + 4) * 256);
                }
            }

            if (workbook != null) {
                try {
                    workbook.write(out);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /*
     * 列头单元格样式
     */
    public HSSFCellStyle getColumnTopStyle(HSSFWorkbook workbook) {
        // 设置字体
        HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
        // 设置字体大小
        font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 11);
        // 字体加粗
        font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
        // 设置字体名字
        font.setFontName("Courier New");
        // 设置样式
        HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
        // 设置低边框
        style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        // 设置低边框颜色
        style.setBottomBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
        // 设置右边框
        style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        // 设置顶边框
        style.setTopBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
        // 设置顶边框颜色
        style.setTopBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
        // 在样式中应用设置的字体
        style.setFont(font);
        // 设置自动换行
        style.setWrapText(false);
        // 设置水平对齐的样式为居中对齐；
        style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
        style.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
        return style;
    }

    public HSSFCellStyle getStyle(HSSFWorkbook workbook) {
        // 设置字体
        HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
        // 设置字体大小
        font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 10);
        // 字体加粗
        font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
        // 设置字体名字
        font.setFontName("Courier New");
        // 设置样式;
        HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
        // 设置底边框;
        style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        // 设置底边框颜色;
        style.setBottomBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
        // 设置左边框;
        style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        // 设置左边框颜色;
        style.setLeftBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
        // 设置右边框;
        style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        // 设置右边框颜色;
        style.setRightBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
        // 设置顶边框;
        style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        // 设置顶边框颜色;
        style.setTopBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
        // 在样式用应用设置的字体;
        style.setFont(font);
        // 设置自动换行;
        style.setWrapText(false);
        // 设置水平对齐的样式为居中对齐;
        style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
        // 设置垂直对齐的样式为居中对齐;
        style.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
        return style;
    }
}