django学习1 - 入门

最新推荐文章于 2021-09-24 16:02:21 发布

医生的托马斯

最新推荐文章于 2021-09-24 16:02:21 发布

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分类专栏： Python Django 文章标签： Django

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43838889/article/details/88547897

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通过pip安装django
(base) C:\Windows\system32>pip install django
Collecting django
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c7/87/fbd666c4f87591ae25b7bb374298e8629816e87193c4099d3608ef11fab9/Django-2.1.7-py3-none-any.whl (7.3MB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 7.3MB 2.9MB/s
Requirement already satisfied: pytz in c:\users\xxx\anaconda3\lib\site-packages (from django) (2018.7)
Installing collected packages: django
Successfully installed django-2.1.7

显示django安装信息
(base) C:\Windows\system32>pip show django
Name: Django
Version: 2.1.7
Summary: A high-level Python Web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design.
Home-page: https://www.djangoproject.com/
Author: Django Software Foundation
Author-email: foundation@djangoproject.com
License: BSD
Location: c:\users\xxx\anaconda3\lib\site-packages
Requires: pytz
Required-by:

django管理软件
(base) C:\Windows\system32>django-admin

Type 'django-admin help ’ for help on a specific subcommand.

Available subcommands:

[django]
check
compilemessages
createcachetable
dbshell
diffsettings
dumpdata
flush
inspectdb
loaddata
makemessages
makemigrations
migrate
runserver
sendtestemail
shell
showmigrations
sqlflush
sqlmigrate
sqlsequencereset
squashmigrations
startapp
startproject
test
testserver
Note that only Django core commands are listed as settings are not properly configured (error: Requested setting INSTALLED_APPS, but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings.).

创建django项目，startproject 命令
(base) C:\python\django>django-admin startproject demo

查看manage.py提供的命令
(base) C:\python\django>cd demo
(base) C:\python\django\demo>python manage.py

Type 'manage.py help ’ for help on a specific subcommand.

Available subcommands:

[auth]
changepassword
createsuperuser

[contenttypes]
remove_stale_contenttypes

[django]
check
compilemessages
createcachetable
dbshell
diffsettings
dumpdata
flush
inspectdb
loaddata
makemessages
makemigrations
migrate
sendtestemail
shell
showmigrations
sqlflush
sqlmigrate
sqlsequencereset
squashmigrations
startapp
startproject
test
testserver

[sessions]
clearsessions

[staticfiles]
collectstatic
findstatic
runserver

创建hello应用
(base) C:\python\django\demo>python manage.py startapp hello
在这里插入图片描述
执行完毕后，自动创建hello应用目录和文件
admin.py 映射models中的数据到Django自带的admin后台
apps.py 用于应用程序的配置
models.py 模型文件，创业应用程序数据表模型，对数据库的相关操作
tests.py 创建测试用例
views.py 视图文件，控制箱前端页面显示的内容

运行应用
(base) C:\python\django\demo>python manage.py runserver
Performing system checks…

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).

You have 15 unapplied migration(s). Your project may not work properly until you apply the migrations for app(s): admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions.
Run ‘python manage.py migrate’ to apply them.
March 14, 2019 - 11:07:10
Django version 2.1.7, using settings ‘demo.settings’
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK.

web服务起在本机的8000端口，可以通过浏览器访问该URL，也可以通过Ctrl+c键退出服务。

Hello Django
在demo\settings.py配置文件中，将hello应用加入到项目。

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'hello',
]

在demo\hello\ulrs.py，配置index路径

from hello import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('index/',views.index),
]

在demo\hello\views.py，定制index函数，通过HttpResponse类向浏览器返回字符串"Hello Django!"。

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse

# Create your views here.

def index(request):
    return HttpResponse("Hello Django!")

浏览器访问http://127.0.0.1:8000/index/，显示"Hello Django!"。
在这里插入图片描述

使用模板

在demo/hello目录下创建templates目录（Django默认使用templates的模板文件），和index.html文件。

<html>
    <head>
        <title>Django Page</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>Hello Django!!!</h1>
    </body>
</html>

修改demo\hello\views.py文件的index函数，使用render函数，将index.html返回给浏览器。

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse

# Create your views here.
def index(request):
    #return HttpResponse("Hello Django!")
    return render(request,"index.html")

在这里插入图片描述

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django学习1 - 入门

通过pip安装django(base) C:\Windows\system32&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;pip install djangoCollecting djangoDownloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c7/87/fbd666c4f87591ae25b7bb374298e8629816e87193c4099d3608ef11fab9/...
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