一个简单的聊天室案例（基于netty+websocket）

1.------------------------webSocketServer 主要是用于启动netty服务------------------

/**
 * 启动WebSocketServer
 */
@Component
public final class WebSocketServer {

    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;

    public void start(Integer port) throws Exception {
        // Configure SSL.
        final SslContext sslCtx;
        if (SSL) {
            SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate();
            sslCtx = SslContextBuilder.forServer(ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey()).build();
        } else {
            sslCtx = null;
        }

        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
            b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
             .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
             .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
             .childHandler(new WebSocketServerInitializer(sslCtx));

            Channel ch = b.bind(port).sync().channel();

            System.out.println("Open your web browser and navigate to " +
                    (SSL? "https" : "http") + "://127.0.0.1:" + port + '/');

            ch.closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}

2.---------------------------处理http请求  用于处理http请求升级为ws

public class WebSocketIndexPageHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<FullHttpRequest> {

    private final String websocketPath;

    public WebSocketIndexPageHandler(String websocketPath) {
        this.websocketPath = websocketPath;
    }

    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, FullHttpRequest req) throws Exception {
        // Handle a bad request.
        if (!req.decoderResult().isSuccess()) {
            sendHttpResponse(ctx, req, new DefaultFullHttpResponse(req.protocolVersion(), BAD_REQUEST,
                                                                   ctx.alloc().buffer(0)));
            return;
        }

        // Allow only GET methods.
        if (!HttpMethod.GET.equals(req.method())) {
            sendHttpResponse(ctx, req, new DefaultFullHttpResponse(req.protocolVersion(), FORBIDDEN,
                                                                   ctx.alloc().buffer(0)));
            return;
        }

        // Send the index page
        if ("/".equals(req.uri()) || "/index.html".equals(req.uri())) {
            String webSocketLocation = getWebSocketLocation(ctx.pipeline(), req, websocketPath);
            ByteBuf content = WebSocketServerIndexPage.getContent(webSocketLocation);
            FullHttpResponse res = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(req.protocolVersion(), OK, content);

            res.headers().set(CONTENT_TYPE, "text/html; charset=UTF-8");
            HttpUtil.setContentLength(res, content.readableBytes());

            sendHttpResponse(ctx, req, res);
        } else {
            sendHttpResponse(ctx, req, new DefaultFullHttpResponse(req.protocolVersion(), NOT_FOUND,
                                                                   ctx.alloc().buffer(0)));
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
        cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }

    private static void sendHttpResponse(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, FullHttpRequest req, FullHttpResponse res) {
        // Generate an error page if response getStatus code is not OK (200).
        HttpResponseStatus responseStatus = res.status();
        if (responseStatus.code() != 200) {
            ByteBufUtil.writeUtf8(res.content(), responseStatus.toString());
            HttpUtil.setContentLength(res, res.content().readableBytes());
        }
        // Send the response and close the connection if necessary.
        boolean keepAlive = HttpUtil.isKeepAlive(req) && responseStatus.code() == 200;
        HttpUtil.setKeepAlive(res, keepAlive);
        ChannelFuture future = ctx.writeAndFlush(res);
        if (!keepAlive) {
            future.addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
        }
    }

    private static String getWebSocketLocation(ChannelPipeline cp, HttpRequest req, String path) {
        String protocol = "ws";
        if (cp.get(SslHandler.class) != null) {
            // SSL in use so use Secure WebSockets
            protocol = "wss";
        }
        return protocol + "://" + req.headers().get(HttpHeaderNames.HOST) + path;
    }
}

3.------------------------静态 页面

package com.netty.server.websocketServer;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

/**
 * 返回一个聊天页面
 */
public final class WebSocketServerIndexPage {

    private static final String NEWLINE = "\r\n";

    public static ByteBuf getContent(String webSocketLocation) {
        return Unpooled.copiedBuffer(
                "<html><head><title>Web Socket Test</title></head>" + NEWLINE +
                "<body>" + NEWLINE +
                "<script type=\"text/javascript\">" + NEWLINE +
                "var socket;" + NEWLINE +
                "if (!window.WebSocket) {" + NEWLINE +
                "  window.WebSocket = window.MozWebSocket;" + NEWLINE +
                '}' + NEWLINE +
                "if (window.WebSocket) {" + NEWLINE +
                "  socket = new WebSocket(\"" + webSocketLocation + "\");" + NEWLINE +
                "  socket.onmessage = function(event) {" + NEWLINE +
                "    var ta = document.getElementById('responseText');" + NEWLINE +
                "    ta.value = ta.value + '\\n' + event.data" + NEWLINE +
                "  };" + NEWLINE +
                "  socket.onopen = function(event) {" + NEWLINE +
                "    var ta = document.getElementById('responseText');" + NEWLINE +
                "    ta.value = \"Web Socket opened!\";" + NEWLINE +
                "  };" + NEWLINE +
                "  socket.onclose = function(event) {" + NEWLINE +
                "    var ta = document.getElementById('responseText');" + NEWLINE +
                "    ta.value = ta.value + \"Web Socket closed\"; " + NEWLINE +
                "  };" + NEWLINE +
                "} else {" + NEWLINE +
                "  alert(\"Your browser does not support Web Socket.\");" + NEWLINE +
                '}' + NEWLINE +
                NEWLINE +
                "function send(message) {" + NEWLINE +
                "  if (!window.WebSocket) { return; }" + NEWLINE +
                "  if (socket.readyState == WebSocket.OPEN) {" + NEWLINE +
                "    socket.send(message);" + NEWLINE +
                "  } else {" + NEWLINE +
                "    alert(\"The socket is not open.\");" + NEWLINE +
                "  }" + NEWLINE +
                '}' + NEWLINE +
                "</script>" + NEWLINE +
                "<form οnsubmit=\"return false;\">" + NEWLINE +
                "<input type=\"text\" name=\"message\" value=\"Hello, World!\" style=\"width:300px;height:100px;border-color:#6699FF\"/>" +
                "<input type=\"button\" value=\"Send\"" + NEWLINE +
                "       οnclick=\"send(this.form.message.value)\" style=\"width:100px;height:100px;background:#66FF66\" />" + NEWLINE +
                "<h1>Output</h1>" + NEWLINE +
                "<textarea id=\"responseText\" style=\"width:400px;height:500px;border:20px;solid:#378888;border-color:#6699FF;background:#66FF66\"></textarea>" + NEWLINE +
                "</form>" + NEWLINE +
                "</body>" + NEWLINE +
                "</html>" + NEWLINE, CharsetUtil.US_ASCII);
    }

    private WebSocketServerIndexPage() {
        // Unused
    }
}

4.----------------------------------具体的处理消息handler

/**
 *
 * @Description: 处理消息的handler
 * TextWebSocketFrame： 在netty中，是用于为websocket专门处理文本的对象，frame是消息的载体
 */
public class WebSocketFrameHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<WebSocketFrame> {

    // 用于记录和管理所有客户端的channle
    private static ChannelGroup clients =
            new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);
    private static ConcurrentHashMap<Object,Object>  channels=new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
    private static  Integer count =0;
   // 定义接收到消息的操作
    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, WebSocketFrame frame) throws Exception {
        // ping and pong frames already handled

        if (frame instanceof TextWebSocketFrame) {
            // Send the uppercase string back.
            String request = ((TextWebSocketFrame) frame).text();
            StringBuilder stringBuilder=new StringBuilder();;
            int index=(int)channels.get(ctx.channel().id());
            stringBuilder.append(RandomUtil.map.get(index)+": ");
            stringBuilder.append(request);
            for(Channel channel:clients){
                channel.writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame(stringBuilder.toString().toUpperCase(Locale.US)));
            }
        } else {
            String message = "unsupported frame type: " + frame.getClass().getName();
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException(message);
        }
    }
    /**
     * 当客户端连接服务端之后（打开连接）
     * 获取客户端的channle，并且放到ChannelGroup中去进行管理
     */
    @Override
    public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx){
        try {
            count++;
            System.out.println("用户加入事件 "+ctx.channel().id()+" 第"+count+"个用户");
            clients.add(ctx.channel());
            int index=RandomUtil.getIndex();
            channels.put(ctx.channel().id(),index);
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }

    }

    //定义用户离线的操作
    @Override
    public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        Channel incoming = ctx.channel();
        System.out.println("用户:"+incoming+"掉线");
    }
    //定义用户异常的操作
    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause)
            throws Exception {
        Channel incoming = ctx.channel();
        System.out.println("用户:"+incoming.id()+"异常");
        cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }

}

5.--------------------------------初始化Initializer

public class WebSocketServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {

    private static final String WEBSOCKET_PATH = "/websocket";

    private final SslContext sslCtx;

    public WebSocketServerInitializer(SslContext sslCtx) {
        this.sslCtx = sslCtx;
    }

    @Override
    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
        ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
        if (sslCtx != null) {
            pipeline.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
        }
         websocket 基于http协议，所以要有http编解码器
        pipeline.addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
        //java.lang.NoSuchMethodError:
        // io.netty.util.internal.AppendableCharSequence.setLength(I)V
        //该异常是因为版本冲突导致
        pipeline.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(1024*64));
        //   WebSocket数据压缩
        pipeline.addLast(new WebSocketServerCompressionHandler());
        //    协议包长度限制
        pipeline.addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler(WEBSOCKET_PATH, null, true));
        //这个仅限demo使用 是用来返回初始化html页面的
        pipeline.addLast(new WebSocketIndexPageHandler(WEBSOCKET_PATH));
      /*  pipeline.addLast(new HttpRequestHandler("/ws"));*/
        //具体的消息处理逻辑
        pipeline.addLast(new WebSocketFrameHandler());
    }

}

6.----------------------util

package com.netty.server.websocketServer;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeSet;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;

public class RandomUtil {

    static Map<Integer,String> map= new ConcurrentHashMap();
    static Set<Integer> set=new TreeSet<>();
    public static void getOne(){
        Random random=new Random();
        for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
           set.add(random.nextInt(10));
        }
        if(set.size()<10){
            getOne();
        }
    }
    static {
        getOne();
        map.put(0,"尼古拉斯儿");
        map.put(1,"张三");
        map.put(2,"李四");
        map.put(3,"王二麻子");
        map.put(4,"马六");
        map.put(5,"申公豹");
        map.put(6,"大麻花");
        map.put(7,"小垃圾");
        map.put(8,"鸡腿");
        map.put(9,"鸭腿");
    }
   public static int getIndex(){
       int re=0;
      if(!set.isEmpty()){
          Iterator itr=set.iterator();
           re=(int)itr.next();
           set.remove(re);
          return re;
      }
      return re;
   }
}

7.-----------------启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@ComponentScan("com.netty")
public class NettyServerApplication {

   public static void main(String[] args) {

      ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(NettyServerApplication.class, args);
        WebSocketServer webSocketServer=context.getBean(WebSocketServer.class);
      try {
         webSocketServer.start(8888);
      } catch (Exception e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      }
   }

}

效果图：