C++并发多线程--简单线程池的实现

1--线程池的实现

        基本的线程池包括线程数组和任务队列，任务队列存储待执行的任务，线程数组存储多个线程，线程每次从任务队列中取任务来执行；

#include <iostream>
#include <mutex>
#include <thread>
#include <string>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <queue>
#include <functional>

class ThreadPool{
public:
    ThreadPool(int numThreads) :stop(false){ // 开辟numThreads个线程
        for(int i = 0; i < numThreads; i++){
            threads.emplace_back([this]{
                while(true){
                    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mtx);
                    condition.wait(lock, [this]{ // 等待被通知任务队列不为空
                        return !tasks.empty() || stop;
                    });
                if(stop) return;
                // 取任务并执行
                std::function<void()> task(std::move(tasks.front()));
                tasks.pop();
                lock.unlock();
                task();
                }
            });
        }
    }

    ~ThreadPool(){
        {
            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mtx);
            stop = true;
        }
        condition.notify_all();
        for(auto &t : threads){
            t.join();
        }
    }


    template<class F, class... Args>
    void enqueue(F &&f, Args&&... args){
        std::function<void()>task = 
            std::bind(std::forward<F>(f), std::forward<Args>(args)...);
        {
            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mtx);
            tasks.emplace(std::move(task));
        }
        condition.notify_one();
    }


private:
    std::vector<std::thread> threads; // 线程数组
    std::queue<std::function<void()>> tasks; // 任务队列
    std::mutex mtx;
    std::condition_variable condition;
    bool stop;
};


int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
    ThreadPool Tpool(4);
    for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++){
        Tpool.enqueue([i]{
            std::cout << "task: " << i << " is running" << std::endl;
            std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(2));
            std::cout << "task: " << i << " is done" << std::endl;
        });
    }
    return 0;
}