讲解(写的太好了orz
POJ - 3074(3 * 3)
题意:求3 * 3 * 3大小的数独
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const int inf = 0x3f3f3f3f;
const int mod = 1e9 + 7;
const int K = 3;//宫的大小
const int N = 9;//每行多少数即3 * 3
const int MAXN = N * N * N + 10;
const int MAXM = N * N * 4 + 10;
const int maxnode = MAXN * 4 + MAXM + 10;
char g[MAXN];
struct DLX {
int n, m, siz;
int U[maxnode], D[maxnode], R[maxnode], L[maxnode], Row[maxnode], Col[maxnode];
int H[MAXN], S[MAXM];
int ansd, ans[MAXN];
void init(int _n, int _m) {
n = _n;
m = _m;
for(int i = 0; i <= m; ++i) {
S[i] = 0;
U[i] = D[i] = i;
L[i] = i - 1;
R[i] = i + 1;
}
R[m] = 0, L[0] = m;
siz = m;
for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) H[i] = -1;
}
void Link(int r, int c) {
++S[Col[++siz] = c];
Row[siz] = r;
D[siz] = D[c];
U[D[c]] = siz;
U[siz] = c;
D[c] = siz;
if(H[r] < 0) H[r] = L[siz] = R[siz] = siz;
else {
R[siz] = R[H[r]];
L[R[H[r]]] = siz;
L[siz] = H[r];
R[H[r]] = siz;
}
}
void remove(int c) {
L[R[c]] = L[c], R[L[c]] = R[c];
for(int i = D[c]; i != c; i = D[i]) {
for(int j = R[i]; j != i; j = R[j]) {
U[D[j]] = U[j];
D[U[j]] = D[j];
--S[Col[j]];
}
}
}
void resume(int c) {
for(int i = U[c]; i != c; i = U[i])
for(int j = L[i]; j != i; j = L[j])
++S[Col[U[D[j]] = D[U[j]] = j]];
L[R[c]] = R[L[c]] = c;
}
bool Dance(int d) {
if(R[0] == 0) {
for(int i = 0; i < d; ++i) g[(ans[i] - 1) / N] = (ans[i] - 1) % N + '1'; ///输出的数字
for(int i = 0; i < N * N; ++i) printf("%c", g[i]);
printf("\n");
return 1;
}
int c = R[0];
for(int i = R[0]; i != 0; i = R[i])
if(S[i] < S[c]) c = i;
remove(c);
for(int i = D[c]; i != c; i = D[i]) {
ans[d] = Row[i];
for(int j = R[i]; j != i; j = R[j]) remove(Col[j]);
if(Dance(d + 1)) return 1;
for(int j = L[i]; j != i; j = L[j]) resume(Col[j]);
}
resume(c);
return 0;
}
};
void place(int &r, int &c1, int &c2, int &c3, int &c4, int i, int j, int k) {
r = (i * N + j) * N + k;
c1 = i * N + j + 1;
c2 = N * N + i * N + k;
c3 = N * N * 2 + j * N + k;
c4 = N * N * 3 + ((i / K) * K + (j / K)) * N + k;
}
DLX dlx;
int main() {
while(~scanf("%s", g)) {
if(strcmp(g, "end") == 0) break;
dlx.init(N * N * N, N * N * 4);
int r, c1, c2, c3, c4;
for(int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
for(int j = 0; j < N; ++j) {
for(int k = 1; k <= N; ++k) {
///根据题目给出的具体形式改动
if(g[i * N + j] == '.' || g[i * N + j] == '0' + k) {
place(r, c1, c2, c3, c4, i, j, k);
dlx.Link(r, c1);
dlx.Link(r, c2);
dlx.Link(r, c3);
dlx.Link(r, c4);
}
}
}
}
dlx.Dance(0);
}
return 0;
}
ZOJ - 3122(4 * 4)
题意:求4 * 4 * 4的数独
(题目中的样例不对,以下是正确样例,注意每两个数独之间输出换行,最后一个数独不用额外换行
--A----C-----O-I
-J--A-B-P-CGF-H-
--D--F-I-E----P-
-G-EL-H----M-J--
----E----C--G---
-I--K-GA-B---E-J
D-GP--J-F----A--
-E---C-B--DP--O-
E--F-M--D--L-K-A
-C--------O-I-L-
H-P-C--F-A--B---
---G-OD---J----H
K---J----H-A-P-L
--B--P--E--K--A-
-H--B--K--FI-C--
--F---C--D--H-N-
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const int inf = 0x3f3f3f3f;
const int mod = 1e9 + 7;
const int K = 4;//宫的大小
const int N = 16;//每行多少数即4*4
const int MAXN = N * N * N + 10;
const int MAXM = N * N * 4 + 10;
const int maxnode = MAXN * 4 + MAXM + 10;
char g[MAXN];
struct DLX {
int n, m, siz;
int U[maxnode], D[maxnode], R[maxnode], L[maxnode], Row[maxnode], Col[maxnode];
int H[MAXN], S[MAXM];
int ansd, ans[MAXN];
void init(int _n, int _m) {
n = _n;
m = _m;
for(int i = 0; i <= m; ++i) {
S[i] = 0;
U[i] = D[i] = i;
L[i] = i - 1;
R[i] = i + 1;
}
R[m] = 0, L[0] = m;
siz = m;
for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) H[i] = -1;
}
void Link(int r, int c) {
++S[Col[++siz] = c];
Row[siz] = r;
D[siz] = D[c];
U[D[c]] = siz;
U[siz] = c;
D[c] = siz;
if(H[r] < 0) H[r] = L[siz] = R[siz] = siz;
else {
R[siz] = R[H[r]];
L[R[H[r]]] = siz;
L[siz] = H[r];
R[H[r]] = siz;
}
}
void remove(int c) {
L[R[c]] = L[c], R[L[c]] = R[c];
for(int i = D[c]; i != c; i = D[i]) {
for(int j = R[i]; j != i; j = R[j]) {
U[D[j]] = U[j];
D[U[j]] = D[j];
--S[Col[j]];
}
}
}
void resume(int c) {
for(int i = U[c]; i != c; i = U[i])
for(int j = L[i]; j != i; j = L[j])
++S[Col[U[D[j]] = D[U[j]] = j]];
L[R[c]] = R[L[c]] = c;
}
bool Dance(int d) {
if(R[0] == 0) {
for(int i = 0; i < d; ++i) g[(ans[i] - 1) / N] = (ans[i] - 1) % N + 'A'; ///输出的数字
for(int i = 0; i < N * N; ++i) {
if(i && i % N == 0) printf("\n");
printf("%c", g[i]);
}
printf("\n");
return 1;
}
int c = R[0];
for(int i = R[0]; i != 0; i = R[i])
if(S[i] < S[c]) c = i;
remove(c);
for(int i = D[c]; i != c; i = D[i]) {
ans[d] = Row[i];
for(int j = R[i]; j != i; j = R[j]) remove(Col[j]);
if(Dance(d + 1)) return 1;
for(int j = L[i]; j != i; j = L[j]) resume(Col[j]);
}
resume(c);
return 0;
}
};
void place(int &r, int &c1, int &c2, int &c3, int &c4, int i, int j, int k) {
r = (i * N + j) * N + k;
c1 = i * N + j + 1;
c2 = N * N + i * N + k;
c3 = N * N * 2 + j * N + k;
c4 = N * N * 3 + ((i / K) * K + (j / K)) * N + k;
}
DLX dlx;
int main() {
bool flag = 0;
while(~scanf("%s", g)) {
if(flag) printf("\n");
flag = 1;
for(int i = 1; i < N; ++i) scanf("%s", g + i * N);
dlx.init(N * N * N, N * N * 4);
int r, c1, c2, c3, c4;
for(int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
for(int j = 0; j < N; ++j) {
for(int k = 1; k <= N; ++k) {
///根据题目给出的具体形式改动
if(g[i * N + j] == '-' || g[i * N + j] == 'A' + k - 1) {
place(r, c1, c2, c3, c4, i, j, k);
dlx.Link(r, c1);
dlx.Link(r, c2);
dlx.Link(r, c3);
dlx.Link(r, c4);
}
}
}
}
dlx.Dance(0);
}
return 0;
}
/*
--A----C-----O-I
-J--A-B-P-CGF-H-
--D--F-I-E----P-
-G-EL-H----M-J--
----E----C--G---
-I--K-GA-B---E-J
D-GP--J-F----A--
-E---C-B--DP--O-
E--F-M--D--L-K-A
-C--------O-I-L-
H-P-C--F-A--B---
---G-OD---J----H
K---J----H-A-P-L
--B--P--E--K--A-
-H--B--K--FI-C--
--F---C--D--H-N-
*/