1.简介
我们会使用一个Dept部门模块做一个微服务通用案例 Consumer消费者(Client) 通过REST调用 Provider提供者(Server) 提供的服务。回顾Spring,SpringMVC,Mybatis等以往学习的知识。
Maven的分包分模块架构复习。
一个简单的Maven模块结构是这样的:
– app-parent: 一个父项目(app-parent)聚合了很多子项目(app-util\app-dao\app-web…)
|-- pom.xml
|
|-- app-core
||---- pom.xml
|
|-- app-web
||---- pom.xml
…
2.Springcloud版本选择
SpringBoot | SpringCloud | 关系 |
---|---|---|
1.2.x | Angel版本(天使) | 兼容SpringBoot1.2x |
1.3.x | Brixton版本(布里克斯顿) | 兼容SpringBoot1.3x,也兼容SpringBoot1.4x |
1.4.x | Camden版本(卡姆登) | 兼容SpringBoot1.4x,也兼容SpringBoot1.5x |
1.5.x | Dalston版本(多尔斯顿) | 兼容SpringBoot1.5x,不兼容SpringBoot2.0x |
1.5.x | Edgware版本(埃奇韦尔) | 兼容SpringBoot1.5x,不兼容SpringBoot2.0x |
2.0.x | Finchley版本(芬奇利) | 兼容SpringBoot2.0x,不兼容SpringBoot1.5x |
2.1.x | Greenwich版本(格林威治) |
实际开发版关系
spring-boot-starter-parent | spring-cloud-dependencles | ||
---|---|---|---|
版本号 | 发布日期 | 版本号 | 发布日期 |
1.5.2.RELEASE | 2017-03 | Dalston.RC1 | 2017-x |
1.5.9.RELEASE | 2017-11 | Edgware.RELEASE | 2017-11 |
1.5.16.RELEASE | 2018-04 | Edgware.SR5 | 2018-10 |
1.5.20.RELEASE | 2018-09 | Edgware.SR5 | 2018-10 |
2.0.2.RELEASE | 2018-05 | Fomchiey.BULD-SNAPSHOT | 2018-x |
2.0.6.RELEASE | 2018-10 | Fomchiey-SR2 | 2018-10 |
2.1.4.RELEASE | 2019-04 | Greenwich.SR1 | 2019-03 |
3.搭建服务提供者
创建新的一个空maven项目,取名为springcloud,删去src文件夹,如图
在pom.xml中将打包类型改为pom(pom文件一个重要的属性就是packaging(打包类型),一般来说所有的父级项目的packaging都为pom,packaging默认类型jar类型,如果不做配置,maven会将该项目打成jar包。)然后加入以下依赖:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.fusheng</groupId>
<artifactId>Springcloud</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<modules>
<module>Springcloud-api</module>
<module>Springcloud-provider-dept-8001</module>
</modules>
<!--打包方式-->
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!--springcloud依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Greenwich.SR1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--springboot依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.1.9.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--数据库依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.46</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.2.8</version>
</dependency>
<!--springboot 启动器-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--junit 单元测试-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--lombok-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!--日志测试-->
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
<version>1.2.11</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
</properties>
</project>
3.1创建子模块,取名为Springcloud-api,在maven中导入相关依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>Springcloud</artifactId>
<groupId>com.fusheng</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>Springcloud-api</artifactId>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<!--当前的module自己需要的依赖,如果父依赖中已经配置了版本,这里就不需要了-->
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
可以看到现在的依赖向上继承了父工程中的依赖。
新建数据库,取名为springcloud_db01,创建字段如下
创建数据源字段是因为微服务中的数据可能来自不同的数据库。
在刚才创建的项目中实现dept的实体
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Accessors(chain = true)//链式写法
public class Dept implements Serializable {
private long deptno;//主键
private String dname;//部门名称
private String db_source;//这个数据来自哪个数据库的字段(微服务一个服务对应一个数据库,同一个信息可能存在不同的数据库)
}
3.2 创建提供者
项目结构图
maven
新建子模块,取名为Springcloud-provider-dept-8001,在pom文件中实现如下依赖,
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>Springcloud</artifactId>
<groupId>com.fusheng</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>Springcloud-provider-dept-8001</artifactId>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!--我们需要拿到实体类,所以需要配置API module-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fusheng</groupId>
<artifactId>Springcloud-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--test-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--jetty-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--热部署-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
dao
创建dao包,DAO(Data Access Object)数据访问对象是一个面向对象的数据库接口,即与数据库打交道,也就是放置对数据库访问的实现类
@Mapper
@Repository
public interface DeptDao {
public boolean addDept(Dept dept);
public Dept queryById(Long id);
public List<Dept> queryAll();
}
mapper
在resources创建mapper文件夹,实现对dao的绑定,并书写相关sql语句。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.fusheng.springcloud.dao.DeptDao">
<insert id="addDept" parameterType="Dept">
insert into dept (dname ,db_source)
values(#{dname},DATABASE())
</insert>
<select id="queryById" parameterType="Long" resultType="Dept">
select * from dept where deptno= #{deptno} ;
</select>
<select id="queryAll" resultType="Dept">
select * from dept ;
</select>
</mapper>
application.yml
server:
port: 8001
#mybatis配置
mybatis:
type-aliases-package: com.fusheng.springcloud.pojo
mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/ *.xml
config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml
# mybatis核心配置文件,可以不写
# configuration: #把数据库的写法写成驼峰命令发
# map-underscore-to-camel-case: true
#spring配置
spring:
application:
name: springcloud-provider-dept
datasource:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource #数据源
driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springcloud_db01?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
username: root
password: 123456
以上的mybatis核心配置文件可以不写,相关内容如下:在resources下创建mybatis-config.xml,内容为:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<settings>
<!--开启二级缓存-->
<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
</settings>
</configuration>
service类
新建service包新建类DeptService,
public interface DeptService {
public boolean addDept(Dept dept);
public Dept queryById(Long id);
public List<Dept> queryAll();
}
实现类:
@Service
public class DeptServiceImpl implements DeptService {
@Autowired
private DeptDao deptDao;
@Override
public boolean addDept(Dept dept) {
return deptDao.addDept(dept);
}
@Override
public Dept queryById(Long id) {
return deptDao.queryById(id);
}
@Override
public List<Dept> queryAll() {
return deptDao.queryAll();
}
}
Controller :
@RestController
public class DeptController {
@Autowired
private DeptService deptService;
@PostMapping("/dept/add")
public boolean addDept(Dept dept){
return deptService.addDept(dept);
}
/**
*
* 通过 @PathVariable 可以将URL中占位符参数{xxx}绑定到处理器类的方法形参中@PathVariable(“xxx“)
* @RequestMapping(value=”user/{id}/{name}”)
* 请求路径:http://localhost:8080/hello/test/1/maomao
* @param id
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/dept/get/{id}")
public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
return deptService.queryById(id);
}
@GetMapping("/dept/list")
public List<Dept> queryAll(){
return deptService.queryAll();
}
}
启动类
@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptProvider_8001 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DeptProvider_8001.class,args);
}
}
完成时候就可以启动,在url中输入http://localhost:8001/dept/get/1就可以看到数据:
服务提供者搭建完成!!