crontab 用法(执行python文件)

前提：

1. 创建一个xxx.py的文件
   文件头为

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- conding= utf-8 -*-
print('hello world')

2. 更改权限

chmod 777 xxx.py 

这样python文件就可以执行了

ubuntu@VM-0-10-ubuntu:~/script$ ./test.py
hello world

crontab 使用

1. 编辑、添加crontab
   crontab -e
   第一次执行会让用户选择编辑器，自己根据喜好选择编辑器
   进入编辑会显示如下代码：

  1 # Edit this file to introduce tasks to be run by cron.
  2 #
  3 # Each task to run has to be defined through a single line
  4 # indicating with different fields when the task will be run
  5 # and what command to run for the task
  6 #
  7 # To define the time you can provide concrete values for
  8 # minute (m), hour (h), day of month (dom), month (mon),
  9 # and day of week (dow) or use '*' in these fields (for 'any').#
 10 # Notice that tasks will be started based on the cron's system
 11 # daemon's notion of time and timezones.
 12 #
 13 # Output of the crontab jobs (including errors) is sent through
 14 # email to the user the crontab file belongs to (unless redirected).
 15 #
 16 # For example, you can run a backup of all your user accounts
 17 # at 5 a.m every week with:
 18 # 0 5 * * 1 tar -zcf /var/backups/home.tgz /home/
 19 #
 20 # For more information see the manual pages of crontab(5) and cron(8)
 21 #
 22 # m h  dom mon dow   command
 23 #* * * * * /home/ubuntu/python/Simple_review_system/component/emailer.sh >> /home/ubuntu/script/review_emailer.log 2    >&1
~           

3. 查看crontab命令
   crontab -l

4. 定时执行任务

• 命令行输入crontab -e：进入crontab编辑模式
• 在文件末添加要定时执行的代码
  格式：{minute} {hour} {day-of-month} {month} {day-of-week} {full-path-to-shell-script} ( >> {full-path-to/xxx.log 2>&1})
  (括号里面可选项，添加日志)
• minute: 0-59
• hour: 0-23
• day-of-month: 0-31
• month : 1-12
• day-of-week: 0-7
  （*表示每分钟，每小时,每…）

示例：

• 每天02：00执行任务
  0 2 * * * /path/xxx.py
• 每天5：00和17：00执行任务
  0 5,17 * * * /path/xxx.py
• 每分钟执行一次任务
  * * * * * /path/xxx.py
• 每周日17：00执行任务
  0 17 * * sun /path/xxx.py
• 每10分钟执行一次任务
  */10 * * * * /path/xxx.py
• 在特定的某几个月执行任务
  * * *jan,may,aug * /path/xxx.py
• 每30秒执行一次任务
  * * * * * /path/xxx.py
* * * * * sleep 30; /path/xxx.py