建造者模式

本质：
分离了对象子组件的单独构造（有Builder来负责） 和装配（有Director负责）。从而可以构造出复杂的对象。这个模式适用于：某个对象的构建过程复杂的情况下使用。
由于实现了构建和装配的解耦。不同的构建器，相同的装配，也可以做出不同的对象；相同的构造器，不同的装配顺序也可以做出不同的对象。也就是实现了构建算法、装配算法的解耦，实现了更好的复用。
1、定义要建造的对象

/**
 * 飞船类
 */
public class AirShip {
    private OrbitalModule orbitalModule;//轨道舱
    private Engine engine;//发动机
    private EscapeTower escapeTower;//逃生舱

    public void lunch(){
        System.out.println("飞船发射");
    }
    public OrbitalModule getOrbitalModule() {
        return orbitalModule;
    }

    public void setOrbitalModule(OrbitalModule orbitalModule) {
        this.orbitalModule = orbitalModule;
    }

    public Engine getEngine() {
        return engine;
    }

    public void setEngine(Engine engine) {
        this.engine = engine;
    }

    public EscapeTower getEscapeTower() {
        return escapeTower;
    }

    public void setEscapeTower(EscapeTower escapeTower) {
        this.escapeTower = escapeTower;
    }
}
class OrbitalModule{
    private String name;

    public OrbitalModule(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}
class Engine{
    private String name;

    public Engine(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}
class EscapeTower{
    private String name;

    public EscapeTower(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

2、建造者接口及实现类

public interface AirShipBuilder {
    OrbitalModule builderOrbitalModule();
    Engine builderEngine();
    EscapeTower builderEscapeTower();
}

public class SxtAirShipBuilder implements AirShipBuilder {
    @Override
    public OrbitalModule builderOrbitalModule() {
        System.out.println("构建轨道舱");
        return new OrbitalModule("轨道舱");
    }

    @Override
    public Engine builderEngine() {
        System.out.println("构建发动机");
        return new Engine("发动机");
    }

    @Override
    public EscapeTower builderEscapeTower() {
        System.out.println("构建逃生舱");
        return new EscapeTower("逃生舱");
    }
}

3、装配者接口和实现类

/**
 * 组装飞船
 */
public interface AirShipDirector {

    AirShip directAirShip();
}

public class SxtSirShipDirector implements AirShipDirector {
    private AirShipBuilder builder;

    public SxtSirShipDirector(AirShipBuilder builder) {
        this.builder = builder;
    }

    @Override
    public AirShip directAirShip() {
        Engine engine = builder.builderEngine();
        EscapeTower escapeTower = builder.builderEscapeTower();
        OrbitalModule orbitalModule = builder.builderOrbitalModule();
        AirShip airShip = new AirShip();
        airShip.setEngine(engine);
        airShip.setEscapeTower(escapeTower);
        airShip.setOrbitalModule(orbitalModule);
        return airShip;
    }
}

4、客户端调用

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AirShipDirector director = new SxtSirShipDirector(new SxtAirShipBuilder());
        AirShip airShip = director.directAirShip();
        System.out.println(airShip);
        airShip.lunch();
    }
}