C#泛型

通用栈类

1.object数组

数值类型转化成object类型需要装箱、拆箱

所有类型均可放入

但是大多数情况下，需要合理数据类型，不是所有类型，所以有这个问题

时间效率低

2.C#提供的泛型

T可以换成各种类型，将被具体类型所取代

效率高，不需要拆箱、装箱过程，创造后可以进行类型检查

栈、线性表、队列等的全部由.net提供了，System.Collections是object实现的

System.Collection.Generic是支持泛型实现的

------------泛型约束-------------------------满足一定条件后，才可以替换

eg:条件

解决初始化问题：提供了Default关键字

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApplication3
{ 
    class Program
    {//throw和finally
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            int[] intA = { 1,2,3};
            double[] dbB = { 1.1, 2.2, 3.3 };
            char[] chC = { 'a', 'b', 'c' };
            Display(intA);
            Display(dbB);
            Display(chC);

        }
        static void Display<T>(T[] a)
        {
            foreach (T k in a)
            {
                Console.Write("k={0}   ",k);
            }
        }
    }


}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApplication3
{ 
    class Program
    {//throw和finally
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            int[] intA = { 1,2,3};
            double[] dbB = { 1.1, 2.2, 3.3 };
            char[] chC = { 'a', 'b', 'c' };
            //Display(intA);
            //Display(dbB);
            //Display(chC);
            Stack<int> s = new Stack<int>(10);
            s.Bottom = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < s.element.Length; i++)
            {
                s.element[i] = i;
                s.Top++;

            }
            Display(s.element);


        }
        static void Display<T>(T[] a)
        {
            foreach (T k in a)
            {
                Console.Write("k={0}   ",k);
            }
        }
    }
    class Stack<Ttype>
    {
        private int top;
        private int bottom;
        public Ttype[] element;
        public int Top
        {
            get
            {
                return top;
            }
            set
            {
                top = value;
            }
        }
        public int Bottom
        {
            get
            {
                return bottom;
            }
            set
            {
                bottom = value;
            }
        }
        public Stack(int size)
        {
            element = new Ttype[size];
        }

    }

}

 

 

object

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApplication3
{ 
    class Program
    {//throw和finally
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            int[] intA = { 1,2,3};
            double[] dbB = { 1.1, 2.2, 3.3 };
            char[] chC = { 'a', 'b', 'c' };
            //Display(intA);
            //Display(dbB);
            //Display(chC);
            Stack<int> s = new Stack<int>(10);
            s.Bottom = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < s.element.Length; i++)
            {
                s.element[i] = i;
                s.Top++;

            }
            Display(s.element);
            Console.WriteLine();
            System.Collections.Stack s1 = new System.Collections.Stack(12);
            for (int i = 0; i<intA.Length; i++)
            {
                s1.Push(intA[i]);
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < dbB.Length; i++)
            {
                s1.Push(dbB[i]);
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < chC.Length; i++)
            {
                s1.Push(chC[i]);
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < intA.Length+dbB.Length+chC.Length; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(s1.Pop());
            }

        }
        static void Display<T>(T[] a)
        {
            foreach (T k in a)
            {
                Console.Write("k={0}   ",k);
            }
        }
    }
    class Stack<Ttype>
    {
        private int top;
        private int bottom;
        public Ttype[] element;
        public int Top
        {
            get
            {
                return top;
            }
            set
            {
                top = value;
            }
        }
        public int Bottom
        {
            get
            {
                return bottom;
            }
            set
            {
                bottom = value;
            }
        }
        public Stack(int size)
        {
            element = new Ttype[size];
        }

    }

}