/* show-bytes - prints byte representation of data */
/* $begin show-bytes */
#include <stdio.h>
/* $end show-bytes */
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
/* $begin show-bytes */
typedef unsigned char *byte_pointer;
//typedef char *byte_pointer;
//typedef int *byte_pointer;
void show_bytes(byte_pointer start, size_t len) {
size_t i;
for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
printf("%p\t0x%.2x\n", &start[i], start[i]);
printf("\n");
}
void show_int(int x) {
show_bytes((byte_pointer) &x, sizeof(int));
}
void show_float(float x) {
show_bytes((byte_pointer) &x, sizeof(float));
}
void show_pointer(void *x) {
show_bytes((byte_pointer) &x, sizeof(void *));
}
/* $end show-bytes */
/* $begin test-show-bytes */
void test_show_bytes(int val) {
int ival = val;
//float fval = (float) ival;
double fval = (double) ival;
int *pval = &ival;
printf("Stack variable ival = %d\n", ival);
printf("(int)ival:\n");
show_int(ival);
printf("(float)ival:\n");
show_float(fval);
printf("&ival:\n");
show_pointer(pval);
}
/* $end test-show-bytes */
void simple_show_a() {
/* $begin simple-show-a */
int val = 0x87654321;
byte_pointer valp = (byte_pointer) &val;
show_bytes(valp, 1); /* A. */
show_bytes(valp, 2); /* B. */
show_bytes(valp, 3); /* C. */
/* $end simple-show-a */
}
void simple_show_b() {
/* $begin simple-show-b */
int val = 0x12345678;
byte_pointer valp = (byte_pointer) &val;
show_bytes(valp, 1); /* A. */
show_bytes(valp, 2); /* B. */
show_bytes(valp, 3); /* C. */
/* $end simple-show-b */
}
void float_eg() {
int x = 3490593;
float f = (float) x;
printf("For x = %d\n", x);
show_int(x);
show_float(f);
x = 3510593;
f = (float) x;
printf("For x = %d\n", x);
show_int(x);
show_float(f);
}
void string_ueg() {
/* $begin show-ustring */
const char *s = "ABCDEF";
show_bytes((byte_pointer) s, strlen(s));
/* $end show-ustring */
}
void string_leg() {
/* $begin show-lstring */
const char *s = "abcdef";
show_bytes((byte_pointer) s, strlen(s));
/* $end show-lstring */
}
void show_twocomp()
{
/* $begin show-twocomp */
short x = 12345;
short mx = -x;
show_bytes((byte_pointer) &x, sizeof(short));
show_bytes((byte_pointer) &mx, sizeof(short));
/* $end show-twocomp */
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int val = 12345;
if (argc > 1) {
val = strtol(argv[1], NULL, 0);
printf("calling test_show_bytes\n");
test_show_bytes(val);
} else {
printf("calling show_twocomp\n");
show_twocomp();
printf("Calling simple_show_a\n");
simple_show_a();
printf("Calling simple_show_b\n");
simple_show_b();
printf("Calling float_eg\n");
float_eg();
printf("Calling string_ueg\n");
string_ueg();
printf("Calling string_leg\n");
string_leg();
}
return 0;
}
运行typedef unsigned char *byte_pointer;的结果如下:
运行typedef char *byte_pointer;的结果如下:
运行typedef int *byte_pointer;的结果如下:
根据上述结果:从图一与图二来看,由于char的范围为-128~127,当值超过了char的正范围,又由于打印格式是16进制,所以程序按照补码扩充,例如0x80就变为了0xffffff80,从图一与图三来看,程序每次读取4个字节(int 的大小),并以16进制输出。