Cypher 语句

类似SQL语句的graph query 语言，用于neo4j 图数据库

增

• 创建标签为Person的节点，name，from，klout都属于该节点的属性

CREATE (ee:Person { name: "Emil", from: "Sweden", klout: 99 })

• 创建节点，标签为Movie，大括号内为属性

CREATE (:Movie {title: 'The Matrix'})

• 创建关联，所有满足条件的节点都会进行关联

MATCH (m:Movie),(u:User)
WHERE u.id= 3892080402 AND m.title = "The Matrix1"
CREATE (u)-[r:HAS_MOVIE]->(m)

• 创建带属性的关联

MATCH (m:File),(u:Domain)
WHERE m.File="8931...0089" AND u.Domain="register.xxx.com"
CREATE (m)-[r:COMMUNICATE{Relation:"Communicate",AntiRelation:"Communicate"}]->(u)

删

• 删除所有节点并返回节点数量

MATCH (n)
OPTIONAL MATCH (n)-[r]-()
WITH n,r LIMIT 50000
DELETE n,r
RETURN count(n) as deletedNodesCount

• 删除节点

MATCH (project:Project {project_id: 5})
DELETE project

• 删除节点及其所属的关系

MATCH (project:Project {project_id: 5})
OPTIONAL MATCH (project)-[r]-()
DELETE project, r

MATCH (n { name: 'Andy' })
DETACH DELETE n

• 只删除节点对应的关系

MATCH (n { name: 'Andy' })-[r:KNOWS]->()
DELETE r

• 清空与本节点有关联的节点

MATCH (User{ id: 3892080402}) --> (v:Movie) 
DETACH DELETE v

改

• 单条修改

MATCH (m: Person{id: 1}) SET m.name = "newName" RETURN m

• 多条修改

MATCH (m: Person{id: 1})
SET m += { content: "value", lastModified: "lastModifiedTime" }
RETURN m

查

• 全部查询（需要标明查询的最大值是多少）

MATCH (n) RETURN n LIMIT 25

• 按标签(Greeting)查询

MATCH (n:Greeting) RETURN n LIMIT 25

• 查询指定人物

MATCH (ee:Person) WHERE ee.name = "Emil" RETURN ee;

• 查询指定id

MATCH (project:Project {project_id: 1}) RETURN project

• 查询指定数据的所有属性

MATCH (project:Project {project_id: 1})  
return properties(project) AS properties

• 查询指定数据的id：

# node
MATCH (n)
WHERE id(n)= 0
RETURN n

# relationship
MATCH ()-[r]->()
WHERE id(r)= 0
RETURN r

• 查询人物关联

MATCH (project:Project {project_id: 3})
OPTIONAL MATCH (project)-[r]-(n)
RETURN n

# :CONTAINS 为关系
MATCH (project:Project {project_id: 3})
OPTIONAL MATCH (project)-[:CONTAINS]-(n)
RETURN n

• 查询是否存在指定关系：HAS_MOVIE

MATCH (u:User {id:3892080402})
OPTIONAL MATCH (u)-[r:HAS_MOVIE]->(m)
RETURN r IS NOT NULL AS result 

• 查询孤儿节点

match (n) where not (n)–[]-() return n;

• 查询节点中的列表元素中是否包含某一字符串

MATCH (n) where 'BOT' in n.Names RETURN n

• 模糊查询某一节点元素，例：返回 name 中包含 car 的节点&关联

MATCH (n)
WHERE n.name =~ '.*car.*'
RETURN n

Constraint

• 将Movie中的title属性设置为primary key
  • 无法用CREATE添加title相同的节点
  • Constraint变量无法被SET指令修改
  • UniqueMovieTitleConstraint 作为该constraint的唯一标识符，不可以和其他constraint重合。

CREATE CONSTRAINT UniqueMovieTitleConstraint ON (m:Movie) ASSERT m.title IS UNIQUE

• 获取当前database的constraint

CALL db.constraints()

• 删除constraint

DROP CONSTRAINT UniqueMovieTitleConstraint 

• 节点中存在多个constrain的情况：node key
  • node key作为constraint，在创建节点时必须被赋值
  • node key在全部重合时会被认为是重复的节点

CREATE CONSTRAINT UniqueNameBornConstraint
       ON (p:Person) ASSERT (p.name, p.born) IS NODE KEY