swift 字符串使用大全

1. Swift 字符串创建
   // 类型推断
   let str = “Hello”
   // 指定类型
   let str1 : String = “Hello”

2. Swift 字符串拼接
   let str1 : String = “Hello”
   let str2 = “Hello”
   print(str1 + “\n” + str2)
   // 结果:
   /**
   Hello
   Hello
   */

3. Swift 字符串追加
   var str = “Hello”
   str.append(" World")
   print(str)
   // 结果: Hello World

4. Swift 字符串格式化
   let str = String(3)
   let str1 = String(5.0)
   print(str, str1)
   /**
   结果:3 5.0
   */

// 格式化
let str = String(format: “第%d课程”, 1)
let str1 = String(format: “价格%f”, 5.68)
print(str, str1)
// 结果:第1课程 价格5.680000
let str2 = String(format: “价格%.2f”, 5.68)
print(str2)
// 结果:价格5.68

5. Swift 获取字符串长度
   let str = String(format: “价格%.2f”, 5.68)
   // 获取长度
   print(str.count)
   // 结果:6

6. Swift 判断字符串是否为空
   let str = “swift”
   let str1 = “”
   print(str.isEmpty)
   // 结果:false
   print(str1.isEmpty)
   // 结果:true

7. Swift 遍历字符串
   let str = “5.68”
   for char in str {
   print(char)
   // 结果：
   /**
   5
   .
   6
   8
   */
   }

8. Swift 字符串操作
   8.1 获取首字符
   let str = “this”
   print(str[str.startIndex])
   // 结果:t

8.2 删除首字符
var str = “ABC”
str.removeFirst()
// 等同于 str.remove(at: str.startIndex)
print(str)
// 结果: BC

8.3 删除指定位置
var str = “ABCDEFGH”
str.remove(at: str.index(str.startIndex, offsetBy: 2))
print(str)
// 结果: ABDEFGH

8.4 删除最后一个字符
var str = “ABC”
str.removeLast()
// 等同于str.remove(at: str.index(str.endIndex, offsetBy: -1))
print(str)
// 结果: AB

8.5 删除所有内容
var str = “ABCDEFGH”
str.removeAll()

8.6 删除头尾指定位数内容
var str = “ABCDEFGH”
str.removeFirst(2)
str.removeLast(2)
print(str)
// 结果:CDEF

9. Swift 判断字符串相等
   let str1 : String = “Hello”
   let str = “Hello”
   let str2 = “Hello world”

// 需要知道大小
let isSame = str1.compare(str2)
// 枚举 ComparisonResult -1 0 1
print(isSame.rawValue)
// 结果: -1
print(str1.compare(str).rawValue)
// 结果: 0

// 只需要知道内容是否相等
print(str1 == str)
// 结果: true

10. Swift 判断字符串包含另一个字符串
    let str = “Hello”
    let str1 = “Hello world”
    let rec = str1.contains(str)
    print(rec)
    // 结果: true

11. Swift 字符串分割
    let str = “Hello world”
    let arr = str.split(separator: " ")
    print(arr)
    // 结果: [“Hello”, “World”]

12. Swift 数组拼接字符串
    let arr = [“Hello”, “World”]
    let joined = arr.joined()
    print(joined)
    // 结果: HelloWorld

let sepJoined = arr.joined(separator: “----”)
print(sepJoined)
// 结果: Hello----World

13. Swift 字符串截取
    // 头部截取
    let str = “asdfghjkl;'”
    let str1 = str.prefix(2);
    print(str1)
    // 结果: as

// 尾部截取
let str2 = str.suffix(3);
print(str2)
// 结果: l;’

// range 截取
let index3 = str.index(str.startIndex, offsetBy: 3)
let index4 = str.index(str.startIndex, offsetBy: 5)
let str5 = str[index3…index4]
print(str5)
// 结果:fgh

// 获取指定位置字符串
let range = str.range(of: “jk”)!
print(str[str.startIndex…<range.lowerBound])
// 结果:asdfgh
print(str[str.startIndex…<range.upperBound])
// 结果:asdfghjk

14. Swift 字符串替换
    // 替换
    let str = “all the world”
    let str1 = str.replacingOccurrences(of: “all”, with: “haha”)
    print(str1)
    // 结果: haha the world

15. Swift 字符串插入
    var str = “ABCDEFGH”
    // 单个字符
    str.insert(“X”, at:str.index(str.startIndex, offsetBy: 6))
    print(str)
    // 结果: ABCDEFXGH
    // 多个字符
    str.insert(contentsOf: “888”, at: str.index(before: str.endIndex))
    print(str)
    // 结果: ABCDEFXG888H

16. Swift 字符串删除某段内容
    var str = “ABCDEFGH”
    let start = str.index(str.startIndex, offsetBy: 2)
    let end = str.index(str.endIndex, offsetBy: -2)
    str.removeSubrange(start…end)
    print(str)