目录:
基础环境: spring-boot :2.3.3.RELEASE、jdk1.8
@SpringBootApplication:主配置类注解
标注此注解的类就是SpringBoot的主配置类,启动该类来启动应用。
这是一个组合注解,主要关注@EnableAutoConfiguration自动配置
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = { @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = TypeExcludeFilter.class),
@Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class) })
public @interface SpringBootApplication {
@EnableAutoConfiguration:
自动配置注解,此注解表示开启自动配置功能
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {
这也是个组合注解,主要关注@AutoConfigurationPackage、@Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)
@AutoConfigurationPackage:
这是自动配置包的注解,也是一个组合注解,主要关注以下注解
@Import(AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar.class)
//Spring的底层注解@Import,给容器中导入一个组件,这个组件是AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar
//Registrar内部主要方法
static class Registrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar, DeterminableImports {
@Override
public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata metadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
register(registry, new PackageImports(metadata).getPackageNames().toArray(new String[0]));
}
将主配置类(@SpringBootApplication标注的类)的所在包及下面所有子包里面的所有组件扫描到Spring容器;
@Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)
给容器导入AutoConfigurationImportSelector组件,这个组件选择器来控制具体自动导入哪些组件。
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启动时,会执行该方法来进行自动配置,低版本springboot通过selectImports方法来进行配置
public void process(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata, DeferredImportSelector deferredImportSelector) {
Assert.state(deferredImportSelector instanceof AutoConfigurationImportSelector,
() -> String.format("Only %s implementations are supported, got %s",
AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class.getSimpleName(),
deferredImportSelector.getClass().getName()));
AutoConfigurationEntry autoConfigurationEntry = ((AutoConfigurationImportSelector) deferredImportSelector)
.getAutoConfigurationEntry(annotationMetadata);
this.autoConfigurationEntries.add(autoConfigurationEntry);
for (String importClassName : autoConfigurationEntry.getConfigurations()) {
this.entries.putIfAbsent(importClassName, annotationMetadata);
}
}
/**
* 通过该方法,Spring Boot在启动的时候从类路径下的META-INF/spring.factories中获取EnableAutoConfiguration指定的值,
* 将这些值作为自动配置类导入到容器中,自动配置类就生效,帮我们进行自动配置工作;
*
*具体可以查看:
* getAutoConfigurationEntry->getCandidateConfigurations
* loadFactoryNames->loadSpringFactories
*/
组件:所谓的组件,就是@Configuration、@Bean、@Component等注解标注的类
自定义组件
@AutoConfigurationPackage规定主配置类(@SpringBootApplication标注的类)的所在包及下面所有子包里面的所有组件扫描到Spring容器;
所以,类要加上@Configuration、@Bean、@Component等注解;该类放在主配置类包下即可