Listener（监听器）

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最新推荐文章于 2022-08-10 10:38:32 发布

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分类专栏： Java Web JSP

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43907332/article/details/86735549

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Listener
常用的监听接口

Listener

Listener是Servlet的监听器，它可以监听客户端的请求、服务端的操作等。通过监听器，可以自动激发一些操作，比如监听在线的用户的数量。
当增加一个HttpSession时，就激发sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent se)方法，这样就可以给在线人数加1

常用的监听接口

ServletContextAttributeListener

ServletContextAttributeListener监听对ServletContext属性的操作，比如增加、删除、修改属性

package learn.listener;

import javax.servlet.ServletContextAttributeEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextAttributeListener;


public class MyServletContextAttributeListener implements ServletContextAttributeListener {


    public void attributeAdded(ServletContextAttributeEvent scae)  { 
    	System.out.println("attribute added");
        System.out.println(scae.getName() + ":" + scae.getValue());
         
    }


    public void attributeRemoved(ServletContextAttributeEvent scae)  { 
    	System.out.println("attribute removed");
        System.out.println(scae.getName() + ":" + scae.getValue());
    }


    public void attributeReplaced(ServletContextAttributeEvent scae)  { 
    	System.out.println("attribute replaced");
        System.out.println(scae.getName() + ":" + scae.getValue());
    }
	
}

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>

<% application.setAttribute("aa", "bb"); %>
<% application.setAttribute("aa", "CC"); %>
<% application.setAttribute("aa", "DD"); %>
<% application.setAttribute("aa", "EE"); %>
<% application.removeAttribute("aa"); %>
</body>
</html>

	<listener>
		<listener-class>learn.listener.MyServletContextListener</listener-class>
	</listener>

结果是：

initializedorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContextFacade@1a0dcaa

attribute added
org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspApplicationContextImpl:org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspApplicationContextImpl@2705ba70
attribute added
aa:bb
attribute replaced
aa:bb
attribute replaced
aa:CC
attribute replaced
aa:DD
attribute removed
aa:EE

ServletContextListener

ServletContextListener监听ServletContext。当创建ServletContext时，激发contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce)方法；当销毁ServletContext时，激发contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce)方法

package learn.listener;

import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;
import javax.sound.midi.Soundbank;

/**
 * Application Lifecycle Listener implementation class MyServletContextListener
 *
 */
public class MyServletContextListener implements ServletContextListener {

    
    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce)  { 
         System.out.println("destroyed" + sce.getServletContext());
    } 

	
    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce)  { 
         System.out.println("initialized" + sce.getServletContext());
    }
	
}

	<listener>
		<listener-class>learn.listener.MyServletContextAttributeListener</listener-class>
	</listener>

结果是：
initializedorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContextFacade@45dd4eda
当修改后保存结果是：
destroyedorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContextFacade@45dd4eda
initializedorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContextFacade@687f4396
在服务器启动时先初始化Listener然后再初始化Filter然后再启动Servelt的，在关闭时是先关闭Servlet然后关闭Filter最后销毁Listener，我们可以类比链式Filter。

HttpSessionListener

HttpSessionListener监听HttpSession的操作。当创建一个Session时，激发session Created(HttpSessionEvent se)方法；当销毁一个Session时，激发sessionDestroyed (HttpSessionEvent se)方法。

package learn.listener;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionEvent;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener;

public class MySessionListener implements HttpSessionListener {


    public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent se)  { 
         System.out.println("session created");
         
         System.out.println(se.getSession());
    }

    public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent se)  { 
    	System.out.println("session destroyed");
        
        System.out.println(se.getSession());
    }
}

	<listener>
		<listener-class>learn.listener.MySessionListener</listener-class>
	</listener>

当你随便打开一个支持session的网页时，结果输出：
attribute added
org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspApplicationContextImpl:org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspApplicationContextImpl@6c7eea1
session created
org.apache.catalina.session.StandardSessionFacade@519bc193
当你访问个新的页面：
session created
org.apache.catalina.session.StandardSessionFacade@275d7b9e
当你改动该listener：
destroyedorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContextFacade@69930714
initializedorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContextFacade@6653395f

HttpSessionAttributeListener

HttpSessionAttributeListener监听HttpSession中的属性的操作。当在Session增加一个属性时，激发attributeAdded(HttpSessionBindingEvent se) 方法；当在Session删除一个属性时，激发attributeRemoved(HttpSessionBindingEvent se)方法；当在Session属性被重新设置时，激发attributeReplaced(HttpSessionBindingEvent se) 方法

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>

<% session.setAttribute("aa", "bb");

   session.setAttribute("aa", "cc");
   
   session.setAttribute("aa", "dd");
   
   session.removeAttribute("aa");
%>

</body>
</html>

package learn.listener;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionEvent;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener;

public class MySessionListener implements HttpSessionListener {


    public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent se)  { 
         System.out.println("session created");
         
         System.out.println(se.getSession());
    }

    public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent se)  { 
    	System.out.println("session destroyed");
        
        System.out.println(se.getSession());
    }
    
}

	<listener>
		<listener-class>learn.listener.MySessionAttributeListener</listener-class>
	</listener>

结果是：
attribute added
aa:bb
attribute replaced
aa:bb
attribute replaced
aa:cc
attribute removed
aa:dd

我一定要成为架构师

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Listener（监听器）

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