SpringBoot与Web开发(二)

6. RestfulCRUD

1. 默认访问首页

package com.matthew.springboot04.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;

/**
 * @Description TODO 使用WebMvcConfigurerAdapter可以来扩展SpringMVC的功能
 * @Author Matthew
 * @Date 2019/5/26 14:40
 * @Version 1.0
 */
//@EnableWebMvc 不要接管SpringMVC
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        //浏览器发送/Matthew也来到success
        registry.addViewController("/Matthew").setViewName("success");
    }

    //所有的WebMvcConfigurerAdapter组件都会一起起作用
    @Bean//将组件注册在容器中
    public WebMvcConfigurerAdapter webMvcConfigurerAdapter(){
        WebMvcConfigurerAdapter adapter = new WebMvcConfigurerAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
                registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login");
                registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login");
            }
        };
        return adapter;
    }
}

2. 国际化

  1. 编写国际化配置文件;
  2. 使用ResourceBundleMessageSource管理国际化资源文件
  3. 在页面使用fmt:message取出国际化内容

步骤:

  1. 编写国际化配置文件,抽取页面需要显示的国际化消息
    在这里插入图片描述
  2. SpringBoot自动配置好了管理国际化资源文件的组件;
@Conditional({MessageSourceAutoConfiguration.ResourceBundleCondition.class})
@EnableConfigurationProperties
public class MessageSourceAutoConfiguration {
	@Bean
    @ConfigurationProperties(
        prefix = "spring.messages"
    )
    public MessageSourceProperties messageSourceProperties() {
        return new MessageSourceProperties();
    }
//public class MessageSourceProperties {
//    private String basename = "messages";

    @Bean
    public MessageSource messageSource(MessageSourceProperties properties) {
        ResourceBundleMessageSource messageSource = new ResourceBundleMessageSource();
        if (StringUtils.hasText(properties.getBasename())) {            
//设置国际化资源文件的基础名(去掉语言国家代码的)
messageSource.setBasenames(StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(StringUtils.trimAllWhitespace(properties.getBasename())));
        }

        if (properties.getEncoding() != null) {
            messageSource.setDefaultEncoding(properties.getEncoding().name());
        }

        messageSource.setFallbackToSystemLocale(properties.isFallbackToSystemLocale());
        Duration cacheDuration = properties.getCacheDuration();
        if (cacheDuration != null) {
            messageSource.setCacheMillis(cacheDuration.toMillis());
        }

        messageSource.setAlwaysUseMessageFormat(properties.isAlwaysUseMessageFormat());
        messageSource.setUseCodeAsDefaultMessage(properties.isUseCodeAsDefaultMessage());
        return messageSource;
    }
  1. 去页面获取国际化的值;
    在这里插入图片描述
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
	<head>
		<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
		<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
		<meta name="description" content="">
		<meta name="author" content="">
		<title>Signin Template for Bootstrap</title>
		<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
		<link href="asserts/css/bootstrap.min.css"	th:href="@{/webjars/bootstrap/4.3.1/css/bootstrap.css}" rel="stylesheet">
		<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
		<link href="asserts/css/signin.css" th:href="@{/asserts/css/signin.css}"rel="stylesheet">
	</head>

	<body class="text-center">
		<form class="form-signin" action="dashboard.html">
			<img class="mb-4" th:src="@{/asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg}" src="asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg" alt="" width="72" height="72">
			<h1 class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal" th:text="#{login.tip}">Please sign in</h1>
			<label class="sr-only" th:text="#{login.username}">Username</label>
			<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" th:placeholder="#{login.username}" required="" autofocus="">
			<label class="sr-only" th:text="#{login.password}">Password</label>
			<input type="password" class="form-control" placeholder="Password" th:placeholder="#{login.password}" required="">
			<div class="checkbox mb-3">
				<label>
          <input type="checkbox" value="remember-me" > [[#{login.remember}]]<!--行内文本用双中括号-->
        </label>
			</div>
			<button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit" th:text="#{login.btn}">Sign in</button>
			<p class="mt-5 mb-3 text-muted">© 2017-2018</p>
			<a class="btn btn-sm">中文</a>
			<a class="btn btn-sm">English</a>
		</form>

	</body>

</html>

效果:根据浏览器语言设置的信息切换国际化;

原理:
国际化Locale(区域信息对象);LocaleResolver(获取区域信息对象);

@ConditionalOnMissingBean:当我们没写localeResolver的时候系统启用它。
接下来我们就写一个自己的localeResolver来代替它。

		@Bean
        @ConditionalOnMissingBean
        @ConditionalOnProperty(
            prefix = "spring.mvc",
            name = {"locale"}
        )
        public LocaleResolver localeResolver() {
            if (this.mvcProperties.getLocaleResolver() == org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcProperties.LocaleResolver.FIXED) {
                return new FixedLocaleResolver(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
            } else {
                AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver localeResolver = new AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver();
                localeResolver.setDefaultLocale(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
                return localeResolver;
            }
        }
  1. 点击链接切换国际化
package com.matthew.springboot04.component;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.LocaleResolver;
import org.thymeleaf.util.StringUtils;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.util.Locale;

/**
 * @Description TODO 可以在连接上携带区域信息
 * @Author Matthew
 * @Date 2019/5/28 16:20
 * @Version 1.0
 */

public class MyLocaleResolver implements LocaleResolver {
    @Override
    public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest) {
        String l = httpServletRequest.getParameter("l");
        Locale locale = Locale.getDefault();
        if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(l)) {
            String[] split = l.split("_");
            locale = new Locale(split[0], split[1]);
        }
        return locale;
    }

    @Override
    public void setLocale(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Locale locale) {

    }
}

将我们自己的LocaleResolver加入到容器中

	@Bean
    public LocaleResolver localeResolver(){
        return new MyLocaleResolver();
    }

3. 登录

模板引擎页面修改以后,要实时生效

  1. 禁用模板引擎的缓存
# 禁用缓存
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false
  1. 页面修改完成以后ctrl+F9,重新编译;

登录错误消息的显示

<p style="color: red;" th:text="${msg}" th:if="${not #strings.isEmpty(msg)}"></p>

在这里插入图片描述

4. 拦截器进行登录检查

package com.matthew.springboot04.component;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * @Description TODO 登录检查
 * @Author Matthew
 * @Date 2019/5/28 18:41
 * @Version 1.0
 */

public class LoginHandlerInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    //目标方法执行之前
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        Object user = request.getSession().getAttribute("loginUser");
        if (user == null) {
            //未登录,返回登录页面
            request.setAttribute("msg", "没有权限请先登录");
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.html").forward(request,response);
            return false;
        } else {
            //已登录
            return true;
        }
    }
    
}

5. CRUD-员工列表

实验要求:

  1. RestfulCRUD:CRUD满足Rest风格;
    URl:/资源名称/资源标识,HTTP请求方式区分对资源CRUD操作
普通CRUD(uri来区分操作) RestfulCRUD
查询getEmpemp----GET
添加addEmp?xxxemp----POST
修改updateEmp?id=xxx&xxx=xxemp/{id}----PUT
删除deleteEmp?id=xemp/{id}----DELETE
  1. 实验的请求架构;
请求URI 请求方式
查询所有员工empsGET
查询某个员工Emp/{id}GET
来到添加页面empGET
添加员工empPOST
来到修改页面(查出员工进行信息回显)emp/{id}GET
修改员工empPUT
删除员工emp/{id}DELETE
  1. 员工列表:
    thymeleaf公共页面元素抽取
1. 抽取公共片段
<div th:fragment="copy">
&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</div>

2. 引入公共片段
<div th:insert="~{footer :: copy}"></div>
~{templatename :: selector}:模板名::选择器
~{templatename :: fragmentname}:模板名::片段名

3. 默认效果:
insert的功能片段在div标签中
如果使用th:insert等属性进行引入,可以不用写~{}
行内写法可以加上:[[~{}]];[(~{})];

三种引入功能片段的th属性:
th:insert:将公共片段整个插入到声明引入的元素中
th:replace:将声明引入的元素替换为公共引入片段
th:include:将被引入的片段的额内容包含进这个标签中

<div th:fragment="copy">
&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</div>

引入方式
<div th:insert="footer::copy"></div>
<div th:replace="footer::copy"></div>
<div th:include="footer::copy"></div>

效果
<div>
	<footer>
		&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
	</footer>
</div>

<footer>
	&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</footer>

<div>
	&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</div>

引入片段的时候传入参数

6. CRUD-员工添加

添加页面

<form>
						<div class="form-group">
							<label>LastName</label>
							<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan">
						</div>
						<div class="form-group">
							<label>Email</label>
							<input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan@atguigu.com">
						</div>
						<div class="form-group">
							<label>Gender</label><br/>
							<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
								<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="1">
								<label class="form-check-label"></label>
							</div>
							<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
								<input class="form‐check‐input" type="radio" name="gender" value="0">
								<label class="form‐check‐label"></label>
							</div>
						</div>
						<div class="form-group">
							<label>department</label>
							<!--提交的是部门的id-->
							<select class="form‐control">
								<option th:value="${dept.id}" th:each="dept:${depts}" th:text="${dept.departmentName}">1</option>
							</select>
						</div>
						<div class="form-group">
							<label>Birth</label>
							<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan">
						</div>
						<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">添加</button>
					</form>

提交的数据格式不对:生日:日期;
2017-12-12;2017/12/12;2017.12.12;
日期的格式化;SpringMVC将页面提交的值需要转换为指定的类型;
2017-12-12—Date; 类型转换,格式化;
默认日期是按照/的方式;

7. 员工修改

修改添加二合一表单

<!‐‐需要区分是员工修改还是添加;‐‐>
<form th:action="@{/emp}" method="post">
<!‐‐发送put请求修改员工数据‐‐>
<!‐‐
1、SpringMVC中配置HiddenHttpMethodFilter;(SpringBoot自动配置好的)
2、页面创建一个post表单
3、创建一个input项,name="_method";值就是我们指定的请求方式
‐‐>
<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put" th:if="${emp!=null}"/>
<input type="hidden" name="id" th:if="${emp!=null}" th:value="${emp.id}">
<div class="form‐group">
<label>LastName</label>
<input name="lastName" type="text" class="form‐control" placeholder="zhangsan"
th:value="${emp!=null}?${emp.lastName}">
</div>
<div class="form‐group">
<label>Email</label>
<input name="email" type="email" class="form‐control"
placeholder="zhangsan@atguigu.com" th:value="${emp!=null}?${emp.email}">
</div>
<div class="form‐group">
<label>Gender</label><br/>
<div class="form‐check form‐check‐inline">
<input class="form‐check‐input" type="radio" name="gender" value="1"
th:checked="${emp!=null}?${emp.gender==1}">
<label class="form‐check‐label"></label>
</div>
<div class="form‐check form‐check‐inline">
<input class="form‐check‐input" type="radio" name="gender" value="0"
th:checked="${emp!=null}?${emp.gender==0}">
<label class="form‐check‐label"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form‐group">
<label>department</label>
<!‐‐提交的是部门的id‐‐>
<select class="form‐control" name="department.id">
<option th:selected="${emp!=null}?${dept.id == emp.department.id}"
th:value="${dept.id}" th:each="dept:${depts}" th:text="${dept.departmentName}">1</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="form‐group">
<label>Birth</label>
<input name="birth" type="text" class="form‐control" placeholder="zhangsan"
th:value="${emp!=null}?${#dates.format(emp.birth, 'yyyy‐MM‐dd HH:mm')}">
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn‐primary" th:text="${emp!=null}?'修改':'添加'">添加
</button>
</form>

8. CRUD-员工删除

<tr th:each="emp:${emps}">
<td th:text="${emp.id}"></td>
<td>[[${emp.lastName}]]</td>
<td th:text="${emp.email}"></td>
<td th:text="${emp.gender}==0?'':''"></td>
<td th:text="${emp.department.departmentName}"></td>
<td th:text="${#dates.format(emp.birth, 'yyyy‐MM‐dd HH:mm')}"></td>
<td>
<a class="btn btn‐sm btn‐primary" th:href="@{/emp/}+${emp.id}">编辑</a>
<button th:attr="del_uri=@{/emp/}+${emp.id}" class="btn btn‐sm btn‐danger
deleteBtn">删除</button>
</td>
</tr>
<script>
$(".deleteBtn").click(function(){
//删除当前员工的
$("#deleteEmpForm").attr("action",$(this).attr("del_uri")).submit();
return false;
});
</script>

7.错误处理机制

1. SpringBoot默认的错误处理机制

  1. 默认效果:
    1. 浏览器:返回一个默认的错误页面
      在这里插入图片描述
      浏览器发送请求的请求头:
      在这里插入图片描述
    2. 如果是其他客户端访问,默认响应一个json数据
      在这里插入图片描述
      在这里插入图片描述
      原理:
      可以参照ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration,错误处理的自动配置。
      给容器中添加了以下组件:
      1. DefaultErrorAttributes
//帮我们在页面共享信息:
 public Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(WebRequest webRequest, boolean includeStackTrace) {
        Map<String, Object> errorAttributes = new LinkedHashMap();
        errorAttributes.put("timestamp", new Date());
        this.addStatus(errorAttributes, webRequest);
        this.addErrorDetails(errorAttributes, webRequest, includeStackTrace);
        this.addPath(errorAttributes, webRequest);
        return errorAttributes;
    }
	2. BasicErrorController
@Controller
@RequestMapping({"${server.error.path:${error.path:/error}}"})
public class BasicErrorController extends AbstractErrorController {
	@RequestMapping(
        produces = {"text/html"}//产生html类型的数据,浏览器发送的请求来到这个方法处理
    )
    public ModelAndView errorHtml(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
        HttpStatus status = this.getStatus(request);
        Map<String, Object> model = Collections.unmodifiableMap(this.getErrorAttributes(request, this.isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML)));
        response.setStatus(status.value());

		//去哪个页面作为错误页面,包含页面地址和页面内容
        ModelAndView modelAndView = this.resolveErrorView(request, response, status, model);
        return modelAndView != null ? modelAndView : new ModelAndView("error", model);
    }

    @RequestMapping//产生json数据,其他客户端来到这个方法处理
    public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> error(HttpServletRequest request) {
        Map<String, Object> body = this.getErrorAttributes(request, this.isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.ALL));
        HttpStatus status = this.getStatus(request);
        return new ResponseEntity(body, status);
    }
	3. ErrorPageCustomizer
	@Value("${error.path:/error}")
    private String path = "/error"; 系统出现错误以后来到error请求进行处理;(web.xml注册的错误页面规则)
	4. DefaultErrorViewResolver
 public ModelAndView resolveErrorView(HttpServletRequest request, HttpStatus status, Map<String, Object> model) {
        ModelAndView modelAndView = this.resolve(String.valueOf(status.value()), model);
        if (modelAndView == null && SERIES_VIEWS.containsKey(status.series())) {
            modelAndView = this.resolve((String)SERIES_VIEWS.get(status.series()), model);
        }

        return modelAndView;
    }

    private ModelAndView resolve(String viewName, Map<String, Object> model) {
    	//默认SpringBoot可以找到一个页面? error/404
        String errorViewName = "error/" + viewName;
        
		//如果模板引擎可以解析这个页面地址就用模板引擎解析
        TemplateAvailabilityProvider provider = this.templateAvailabilityProviders.getProvider(errorViewName, this.applicationContext);
        //模板引擎可用的情况下返回到errorViewName 指定的视图地址,如果不可用就在静态资源文件夹下errorViewName对应的页面error/404.html
        return provider != null ? new ModelAndView(errorViewName, model) : this.resolveResource(errorViewName, model);
    }
	步骤:
		一但系统出现4xx或者5xx;ErrorPageCustomizer就会生效(定制错误的响应规则);就会来到/error请求,就会被BasicErrorController处理;
		1. 响应页面:去哪个页面是由**DefaultErrorViewResolver**
protected ModelAndView resolveErrorView(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, HttpStatus status, Map<String, Object> model) {
        Iterator var5 = this.errorViewResolvers.iterator();

        ModelAndView modelAndView;
        do {
            if (!var5.hasNext()) {
                return null;
            }
			//所有的ErrorViewResolver得到ModelAndView
            ErrorViewResolver resolver = (ErrorViewResolver)var5.next();
            modelAndView = resolver.resolveErrorView(request, status, model);
        } while(modelAndView == null);

        return modelAndView;
    }
  1. 如果定制错误响应:
    1. 如何定制错误的页面;
      1. 有模板引擎的情况下,error/状态码;【将错误页面命名为 错误状态码.html放在模板引擎文件夹里面的error文件夹下】,发生此状态码的错误就会来到对应的页面;
        我们可用使用4xx和5xx作为错误页面的文件名来匹配这种类型的所有错误,精确优先(优先寻找精确的状态码.html);
        页面能获取的信息;
        timestamp:时间戳
        status:状态码
        error:错误提示
        exception:异常对象
        message:异常消息
        errors:JSR303数据校验的错误都在这里
        在这里插入图片描述
      2. 没有模板引擎(模板引擎找不到这个错误页面),静态资源文件夹下找
      3. 以上都没有错误页面,就是默认来到SpringBoot默认的错误提示页面
    2. 如何定制错误的json数据;
      1. 自定义异常处理&返回定制json数据;
package com.matthew.springboot04.controller;

/**
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author Matthew
 * @Date 2019/6/1 20:37
 * @Version 1.0
 */

import com.matthew.springboot04.exception.UserNotExistException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.thymeleaf.util.StringUtils;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@ControllerAdvice
public class MyExceptionHandler {

    @ResponseBody
    @ExceptionHandler(UserNotExistException.class)
    public Map<String, Object> handlerException(Exception e) {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("code", "user.notexist");
        map.put("message", e.getMessage());
        return map;
    }
}
//没有自适应效果。
	2. 转发到error进行自适应响应效果处理
	@ExceptionHandler(UserNotExistException.class)
    public String handlerException(Exception e, HttpServletRequest request) {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        //传入我们自己的错误状态码 4xx 5xx,否则就不会进入定制错误页面的解析流程
        /*
         * Integer statusCode = (Integer)request
         * getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code");
         */
        request.setAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code",500);
        map.put("code", "user.notexist");
        map.put("message", e.getMessage());
        //转发到/error
        return "forward:/error";
    }
		3. 将我们的定制数据携带出去

出现错误以后,会来到/error请求,会被BasicErrorController处理,响应出去可用获取的数据是由getErrorAttributes得到的(是AbstracErrorController(ErrorController)规定的方法);
1. 完全来编写一个ErrorController的实现类【或者是编写AbstracErrorController的子类】,放在容器中;
2. 页面上能用的数据,或者是json返回能用的数据都是通过errorAttributes.getErrorAttributes得到;容器中DefaultErrorAttributes.getErrorAttribute默认进行数据处理的;
自定义ErrorAttributes

//给容器中加入我们自己定义的ErrorAttributes
@Component
public class MyErrorAttributes extends DefaultErrorAttributes {
    @Override
    public Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(WebRequest webRequest, boolean includeStackTrace) {
        Map<String,Object> map = super.getErrorAttributes(webRequest, includeStackTrace);
        map.put("company", "matthew");
        return map;
    }
}

最终的效果:响应是自适应的,可用通过定制ErrorAttributes改变需要返回的内容。

8. 配置嵌入式Servlet容器

SpringBoot默认使用tomcat作为嵌入式的Servlet容器
问题?

1. 如何定制和修改Servlet容器的相关配置;

  1. 修改和server有关的配置(ServerProperties【也是WebServerFactoryCustomizer】)
server.port = 8081
server.context-path=/crud

//通用的Servlet容器设置
server.xxx
//Tomcat的设置
server.tomcat.uri-encoding=UTF-8
  1. 编写一个EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer:但是在spring2.0中 WebServerFactoryCustomizer替换了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer,嵌入式的Servlet容器的定制器;来修改Servlet容器的配置
	@Bean
    public WebServerFactoryCustomizer<ConfigurableWebServerFactory> webServerFactoryCustomizer(){
        return new WebServerFactoryCustomizer<ConfigurableWebServerFactory>() {
            @Override
            public void customize(ConfigurableWebServerFactory factory) {
                factory.setPort(8083);
            }
        };
    }

2. 注册Servlet三大组件【Servlet、Filter、Listener】

由于SpringBoot默认是以jar包的方式启动嵌入式的Servlet容器来启动SpringBoot的web应用,没有web.xml文
件。
注册三大组件用以下方式
ServletRegistrationBean

@Bean
    public ServletRegistrationBean myServlet(){
        ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new MyServlet(), "/myServlet");
        return registrationBean;
    }

FilterRegistrationBean

@Bean
    public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter(){
        FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
        registrationBean.setFilter(new MyFilter());
        registrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/hello", "/myServlet"));
        return registrationBean;
    }

ServletListenerRegistrationBean

@Bean
    public ServletListenerRegistrationBean myListener() {
        ServletListenerRegistrationBean<MyListener> registrationBean = new ServletListenerRegistrationBean<>(new MyListener());
        return registrationBean;
    }

SpringBoot帮我们自动SpringMVC的时候,自动的注册SpringMVC的前端控制器;DispatcherServlet;
DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration中:

@Bean(
            name = {"dispatcherServletRegistration"}
        )
        @ConditionalOnBean(
            value = {DispatcherServlet.class},
            name = {"dispatcherServlet"}
        )
        public DispatcherServletRegistrationBean dispatcherServletRegistration(DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet) {
        	//默认拦截:/所有请求包括静态资源,但不拦截jsp请求;/*会拦截jsp
            //可以通过server。serverPath来修改SpringMVC前端控制器默认拦截的请求路径
            DispatcherServletRegistrationBean registration = new DispatcherServletRegistrationBean(dispatcherServlet, this.webMvcProperties.getServlet().getPath());
            registration.setName("dispatcherServlet");
            registration.setLoadOnStartup(this.webMvcProperties.getServlet().getLoadOnStartup());
            if (this.multipartConfig != null) {
                registration.setMultipartConfig(this.multipartConfig);
            }

            return registration;
        }
  1. SpringBoot能不能支持其他的Servlet容器;

3. 替换为其他嵌入式Servlet容器

在这里插入图片描述
默认支持:
Tomcat(默认使用)

<!--引入web模块-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
          引入web模块默认就是使用潜入式的Tomcat作为Servlet容器的
        </dependency>

Jetty(长连接)

<!--引入web模块-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <!--引入其他的Servlet容器-->
        <dependency>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        </dependency>

Undertow(不支持JSP)

<!--引入web模块-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <!--引入其他的Servlet容器-->
        <dependency>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        </dependency>

9. 使用外置的Servlet容器

嵌入式Servlet容器:jar
优点:简单、便携;
缺点:默认不支持JSP、优化定制复杂
在这里插入图片描述
配置外置tomcat服务器时需要将Application context:改为/
外置的Servlet容器:外面安装Tomcat——应用war包的方式打包;
步骤:

  1. 必须创建一个war项目;(利用idea创建好目录结构)
  2. 将嵌入式的Tomcat指定为provided;
		<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
  1. 必须编写一个SpringBootServletInitializer的子类,并调用configure方法
public class ServletInitializer extends SpringBootServletInitializer {

    @Override
    protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
    	//传入springboot应用的主程序
        return application.sources(SpringBoot04WebJspApplication.class);
    }

}
  1. 启动服务器就可以使用了。

原理

jar包:执行SpringBoot主类的main方法,启动ioc容器,创建嵌入式Servlet容器。
war包:启动服务器,服务器启动SpringBoot应用【SpringBootServletInitializer 】,启动ioc容器。

servlet3.0(SpringBoot注解版):8.2.4 Shared libraries / runtimes pluggability
规则:

  1. 服务器Dion给(webb应用启动)会创建当前web应用里面每一个jar包里面ServletContainerInitializer的实现类的实例。
  2. ServletContainerInitializer的实现放在jar包的META-INF/services文件夹下,有一个名为javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer的文件,内容就是ServletContainerInitializer的实现类的全类名。
  3. 还可以使用HandlesTypes,在应用启动的时候加载我们感兴趣的类;

流程:

  1. 启动Tomcat
  2. org\springframework\spring-web\4.3.24.RELEASE\spring-web-4.3.24.RELEASE.jar!\META-INF\services\javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer;
    Spring的web模块里面有个文件:org.springframework.web.SpringServletContainerInitializer
  3. SpringServletContainerInitializer将@HandlesTypes({WebApplicationInitializer.class})标注的所有这个类型的类都传入到onStartup方法的Set<Class<?>>,为这些WebApplicationInitializer类型的类创建实例;
  4. 每一个WebApplicationInitializer都调用自己的onStartup;
  5. 相当于我们的SpringBootServletInitalizer的类会被创建对象,并执行onSartup方法;
  6. SpringBootServletInitalizer示例执行onStartup的时候会createRootApplicationContext;创建容器
 protected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
        SpringApplicationBuilder builder = this.createSpringApplicationBuilder();
        builder.main(this.getClass());
        ApplicationContext parent = this.getExistingRootWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
        if (parent != null) {
            this.logger.info("Root context already created (using as parent).");
            servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, (Object)null);
            builder.initializers(new ApplicationContextInitializer[]{new ParentContextApplicationContextInitializer(parent)});
        }

        builder.initializers(new ApplicationContextInitializer[]{new ServletContextApplicationContextInitializer(servletContext)});
        builder.contextClass(AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext.class);

		//调用configure方法,子类重写了这个方法,将我们的Springboot的主程序类传入了进来
        builder = this.configure(builder);
        builder.listeners(new ApplicationListener[]{new SpringBootServletInitializer.WebEnvironmentPropertySourceInitializer(servletContext)});
        

		//使用builder创建一个Spring应用
        SpringApplication application = builder.build();
        if (application.getSources().isEmpty() && AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(this.getClass(), Configuration.class) != null) {
            application.getSources().add(this.getClass());
        }

        Assert.state(!application.getSources().isEmpty(), "No SpringApplication sources have been defined. Either override the configure method or add an @Configuration annotation");
        if (this.registerErrorPageFilter) {
            application.getSources().add(ErrorPageFilterConfiguration.class);
        }
		//启动Spring应用
        return this.run(application);
    }
  1. Spring的应用就启动并且创建ioc容器。
public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
        StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
        stopWatch.start();
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
        FailureAnalyzers analyzers = null;
        this.configureHeadlessProperty();
        SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = this.getRunListeners(args);
        listeners.starting();

        try {
            ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(args);
            ConfigurableEnvironment environment = this.prepareEnvironment(listeners, applicationArguments);
            Banner printedBanner = this.printBanner(environment);
            context = this.createApplicationContext();
            new FailureAnalyzers(context);
            this.prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments, printedBanner);
            //刷新IOC容器
            this.refreshContext(context);
            this.afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
            listeners.finished(context, (Throwable)null);
            stopWatch.stop();
            if (this.logStartupInfo) {
                (new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)).logStarted(this.getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
            }

            return context;
        } catch (Throwable var9) {
            this.handleRunFailure(context, listeners, (FailureAnalyzers)analyzers, var9);
            throw new IllegalStateException(var9);
        }
    }

在这里插入图片描述
启动Servlet容器,再启动SpringBoot应用

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