zuul路由网关

概述

zuul是什么

Zuul包含了对请求的路由和过滤两个最主要的功能：
其中路由功能负责将外部请求转发到具体的微服务实例上，是实现外部访问统一入口的基础而过滤器功能则负责对请求的处理过程进行干预，是实现请求校验、服务聚合等功能的基础.
Zuul和Eureka进行整合，将Zuul自身注册为Eureka服务治理下的应用，同时从Eureka中获得其他微服务的消息，也即以后的访问微服务都是通过Zuul跳转后获得。
注意：Zuul服务最终还是会注册进Eureka
提供=代理+路由+过滤三大功能

zuul能干什么

1. 路由
2. 过滤
   官网资料：https://github.com/Neflix/zuul/

路由基本配置

1. 新建Module模块microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527

POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.matthew.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>microservicecloud-zuul-geteway-9527</artifactId>

    <name>microservicecloud-zuul-geteway-9527</name>
    <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
    <url>http://www.example.com</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- zuul路由网关 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- actuator监控 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--  hystrix容错-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 日常标配 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.matthew.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 热部署插件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

YML

server:
  port: 9527

spring:
  application:
    name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka
  instance:
    instance-id: gateway-9527.com
    prefer-ip-address: true

info:
  app.name: matthew-microcloud
  company.name: www.matthew.com
  build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$
  build.version: $project.version$

hosts修改

127.0.0.1 myzuul.com

主启动类添加@EnableZuulProxy注解

package com.matthew.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;

/**
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author Matthew
 * @Date 2019/7/8 19:34
 * @Version 1.0
 */
@EnableZuulProxy
@SpringBootApplication
public class Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp.class, args);
    }
}

测试

1. 启动三个eureka集群
2. 1个服务提供类microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001
3. 一个路由
   
   不用路由访问http://localhost:8001/dept/get/2
   启用路由http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2

路由访问映射规则

1. 工程microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527

代理名称

此时
原访问路径OK
beforehttp://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2

zuul: 
  routes: 
    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**

路由访问OK
afterhttp://myzuul.com:9527/mydept/dept/get/1

原真实服务名忽略

zuul: 
  ignored-services: microservicecloud-dept 
  routes: 
    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**

单个具体，多个可以用“*”

设置统一公共前缀

zuul: 
  prefix: /matthew
  ignored-services: "*"
  routes: 
    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**

访问http://myzuul.com:9527/matthew/mydept/dept/get/1

最后YML

server:
  port: 9527

spring:
  application:
    name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka
  instance:
    instance-id: gateway-9527.com
    prefer-ip-address: true

info:
  app.name: matthew-microcloud
  company.name: www.matthew.com
  build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$
  build.version: $project.version$

zuul:
  routes:
    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**
  ignored-services: "*"  # 禁用所有
  prefix: /matthew
#  ignored-services: microservicecloud-dept  禁用1个原访问名