linux离线安装docker私有仓库与使用

1.CentOS 7 docker下载与安装

1. 下载docker
2. 解压 tar -xvf docker-18.06.1-ce.tgz
3. 将解压出来的docker文件内容移动到 /usr/bin/ 目录下cp docker/* /usr/bin/
4. 将docker注册为service
   vim /etc/systemd/system/docker.service
   将下列配置加到docker.service中并保存

[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
# the default is not to use systemd for cgroups because the delegate issues still
# exists and systemd currently does not support the cgroup feature set required
# for containers run by docker
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
# Having non-zero Limit*s causes performance problems due to accounting overhead
# in the kernel. We recommend using cgroups to do container-local accounting.
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
# Uncomment TasksMax if your systemd version supports it.
# Only systemd 226 and above support this version.
#TasksMax=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
# set delegate yes so that systemd does not reset the cgroups of docker containers
Delegate=yes
# kill only the docker process, not all processes in the cgroup
KillMode=process
# restart the docker process if it exits prematurely
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

5. 添加文件权限并启动docker chmod +x /etc/systemd/system/docker.service
6. 重载unit配置文件 systemctl daemon-reload
7. 启动Docker systemctl start docker
8. 设置开机自启 systemctl enable docker.service
9. 查看Docker状态 systemctl status docker
10. 查看Docker版本 docker -v
    

2. 私有仓库搭建

采用官方的registry方式进行私有仓库搭建

1. 下载registry镜像，此步骤需要外网

docker pull registry:2

2. 查看已下载的镜像

docker images 

3. 启动私有仓库镜像， 与宿主机文件挂载

docker run -d -p 5000:5000 --restart=always --name myregistry -v /opt/registry:/var/lib/registry registry:2

-p 5000:5000 宿主机5000端口与镜像映射，-d 后台启动，–name myregistry 给启动的镜像起个名称，-v /opt/registry:/var/lib/registry 与宿主机文件挂载，registry:2 要启动的镜像名称与tag

4. 如果想将镜像推送至私有仓库，需要通过docker tag将该镜像标志为要推送到私有仓库

docker tag centos7jdk8:latest ip:port/centos7jdk8:latest

centos7jdk8:latest为你需要推送的镜像名称与tag，ip:port为部署了registry的ip与registry的启动port，centos7jdk8:latest为上传私有镜像仓后镜像的名称与tag

5. 上传镜像到私有仓库

docker push ip:port/centos7jdk8:latest

6. 下载私有仓库的镜像，使用如下命令

docker pull  ip:port/centos7jdk8:latest

dockerfile中拉取指定ip下镜像

FROM ip:port/centos7jdk8:latest

3. docker镜像保存为tar

保存镜像为tar

docker save -o x.tar 镜像名称:tag

导入镜像

docker load  -i x.tar

3. docker 命令

在编写好Dockerfile后，构建镜像

docker build -t xx:xxtag .

最后的.不要忘记，此命令需要在Dockerfile所在目录执行，参考Dockerfile编写规则

后台启动镜像并端口映射 名称:tag || id 都可以

docker run -itd --name xx -p 9099:9099 xx:xxtag

查询正在运行的docker镜像

docker ps

查询全部（包括未启动的docker镜像）

docker ps –a

从左到右依次为：容器id，启动的images，启动后执行的shell，创建时长，运行时长，端口映射，容器名称

进入docker容器

docker exec –it 容器id sh

查看镜像详细信息

docker inspect 容器id

查看镜像日志

docker logs 容器id > docker.log

宿主机与容器间文件拷贝

docker cp 容器id:/opt/xxx/ /opt/xxx  #容器中拷到宿主机

docker cp /opt/xxx 容器id:/opt/xxx/ #宿主机拷到容器中