JSTL 配置问题&基础学习

进入官网下载：http://tomcat.apache.org/taglibs/standard/

点击download：

找到如下两个包下载：

在eclipse中项目名称是右击，选择构建路径，进入后点击Add External JARs:

找到下载地址，并将其两个jar包导入：

在jsp文件中加入以下固定代码语句：

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>

如果出现Unknown错误，加入以下语句：

<%@ page  isELIgnored="false" %>

如果出现以下错误：

解决方案为在Tomcat目录下的lib文件夹中加入jstl包：

重启服务器

<c:set>标签

<%@ page language="java"  contentType="text/html;charset=utf-8"   pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ page  isELIgnored="false" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<c:set var = "name"  value = "张三" scope = "application"></c:set>
<c:set var = "number" value = "202012"  scope = "session" ></c:set>
<c:set  var = "age" value = "20" scope = "request" ></c:set>
<c:set var = "sex" value = "男" scope = "page"></c:set>

<%--- scope的值为page而不是是pageContext --%>
姓名为：${applicationScope.name}<br/>
学号为：${sessionScope.number}<br/>
年龄为：${requestScope.age}<br/>
性别为：${pageScope.sex }<br/>

<%--配合EL表达式案例 --%>
<!-- 学生十年后的年龄 -->
<c:set var = "age" value = "${requestScope.age+10}" scope = "request" ></c:set>
十年后的年龄：${requestScope.age}

<c:if>标签

<%@ page  isELIgnored="false" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<c:set  var = "age" value = "20" scope = "request" ></c:set>
<c:if test = "${requestScope.age ge 20}">
	<h1>你的年龄大于等于20岁</h1>
</c:if>
<c:if test = "${requestScope.age le 19}">
	<h1>你的年龄小于20岁</h1>
</c:if>

<c:choose>标签

<%@ page language="java"  contentType="text/html;charset=utf-8"   pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ page  isELIgnored="false" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<c:set  var = "age" value = "18" scope = "request" ></c:set>
<c:choose>
	<c:when test ="${request.age ge 30}">
		<h1>年龄大于等于30岁</h1>
	</c:when>
	<c:when test = "${request.age ge 20}">
		<h1>年龄大于等于20岁小于30岁</h1>
	</c:when>
	<c:when test = "${request.age lt 10}">
		<h1>年龄小于10岁</h1>
	</c:when>
	<c:otherwise>
		<h1>年龄大于等于10岁小于20岁</h1>
	</c:otherwise>
</c:choose>

<c:forEach>标签

第一种用法：

<%@ page language="java"  contentType="text/html;charset=utf-8"   pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ page  isELIgnored="false" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<c:set  var = "age" value = "18" scope = "request" ></c:set>
<select>
	<c:forEach var = "i" begin = "1" end = "10" step = "1"> 
		<option >第${pageScope.i}页</option>
	</c:forEach>
</select>

第二种配合javaBena和Servlet使用：

package com.wu.javaBeanDemo;

public class Student {
	private  String name ;
	private String id;
	private String course;
	public Student(String name,String id,String course) {
		this.name = name;
		this.id = id;
		this.course = course;
	}
	/**
	 * @return the name
	 */
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	/**
	 * @param name the name to set
	 */
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	/**
	 * @return the id
	 */
	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}
	/**
	 * @param id the id to set
	 */
	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	/**
	 * @return the course
	 */
	public String getCourse() {
		return course;
	}
	/**
	 * @param course the course to set
	 */
	public void setCourse(String course) {
		this.course = course;
	}
	
}

package com.wu.javaServletDemo;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.wu.javaBeanDemo.Student;

@WebServlet(name = "forEachTest" , urlPatterns = "/forEach") // 确定客户端请求的URL为forEach
public class MyServlet 	extends HttpServlet{
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doPost(request,response);
	}
	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// 生成数据
		Student stu1 = new Student("张三","2020120901","一班");
		Student stu2 = new Student("赵四","2020120902","二班");
		Student stu3 = new Student("王五","2020120903","三班");
		ArrayList<Student> listStudent = new ArrayList<Student>();
		listStudent.add(stu1);
		listStudent.add(stu2);
		listStudent.add(stu3);
		request.setAttribute("studentList", listStudent); // 将数据集加入request中
		
		// 转发到其它界面处理
		request.getRequestDispatcher("./index.jsp").forward(request,response);
	}
}

index.jsp文件：

**<%@ page language="java"  contentType="text/html;charset=utf-8"   pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ page import = "java.util.ArrayList" %>
<%@ page import = "com.wu.javaBeanDemo.Student" %>
<%@ page  isELIgnored="false" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<%-- 通过java代码实现 --%>
<table border = "1">
	<tr>
		<td>姓名</td>
		<td>学号</td>
		<td>班级</td>
	</tr>
	<%
		ArrayList<Student> students = (ArrayList<Student>) request.getAttribute("studentList");
		for(Student s : students){
	%>
	<tr>
		<td><%=s.getName() %></td>
		<td><%=s.getId() %></td>
		<td><%=s.getCourse() %></td>
	</tr>
	<%}%>
</table>
<hr/>
<%-- 通过EL和JSTL实现 --%>
<table border = "1">
<tr>
		<td>姓名</td>
		<td>学号</td>
		<td>班级</td>
	</tr>
	<c:forEach items  = "${requestScope.studentList}" var = "s">
		<tr>
			<td>${pageScope.s.name}</td>
			<td>${pageScope.s.id}</td>
			<td>${pageScope.s.course}</td>
		</tr>
	</c:forEach>
</table>**

map集合方式

在MyServlet中添加以下代码：

Map mapStudent = new HashMap();
		mapStudent.put("一班同学", stu1);
		mapStudent.put("二班同学",stu2);
		mapStudent.put("三班同学",stu3);
		request.setAttribute("studentMap",mapStudent); // 将map数据集存放到request中

在index.jsp文件中添加以下代码：

<%-- 遍历map集合 --%>
<table border  = "1"  cellspacing = "0">
	<tr>
		<td>姓名</td>
		<td>学号</td>
		<td>班级</td>
	</tr>
	<%-- 每次遍历map时，都是得到一个键值对 --%>
	<!--  
		循环变量.key 获得键值对的关键字
		循环变量.value 获得键值对的内容
	 -->
	<c:forEach  items = "${requestScope.studentMap}"  var = "key_value">
		<tr>
			<td>${pageScope.key_value.value.name}</td>
			<td>${pageScope.key_value.value.id }</td>
			<td>${pageScope.key_value.value.course}</td>
		</tr>
	</c:forEach>
</table>

<c:remove>标签

<%@ page language="java"  contentType="text/html;charset=utf-8"   pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ page  isELIgnored="false" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<%-- 生成数据 --%>
<c:set var = "name"  value = "张三" scope = "session"></c:set>
姓名：${sessionScope.name}

<%-- 移除变量 --%>
<c:remove var = "name" scope = "session"></c:remove>
姓名：${sessionScope.name}